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BIO 1 EXAM 1 PAMELA THOMAS UCF
questions with answers
Isotope - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔-Same element and atomic number -Different mass numbers EX: C12 and C Mass Number - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔The sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom How many naturally occurring elements are there? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔ 92 How many elements are essential to living? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔ 25 Four elements make up __% of living matter. What are they? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔96% Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Carbon Isomers - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔-Same chemical formula, different structure
-different bonding, shape, or orientation -have double-bond which prevents rotation EX: C4H radioactive isotope - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔An isotope whose nucleus decays spontaneously, giving off particles and energy ____________ can be used as diagnostic tools in medicine. - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Isotopes Only ______ are directly involved in chemical reactions. - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Electrons Potential Energy - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Stored energy that results from the position or shape of an object The more distant an electron is from the nucleus, the greater its ___________ __________. - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Potential Energy How any electrons fit in the first shell? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Two How many electrons fit in the second shell? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Eight
Chemical Bond - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔-An attraction between two atoms, resulting from a sharing of outer-shell electrons or the presence of opposite charges on the atoms -The bonded atoms gain complete outer electron shells A pH of 0-6 - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Acid A pH of 7 - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Neutral A pH of 8-14 - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Base If you gain an electron, you are ________ - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Negatively Charged If you lose an electron, you are ___________ - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Positively Charged _____________________ cannot share electrons so they ______________ electrons. - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Ionic compounds; transfer Cation - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔A positively charged ion Anion - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔A negatively charged ion
The mass of a proton or neutron - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔1.7X10^- gram Dalton - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔A measure of mass for atoms and subatomic particles; the same as the atomic mass unit, or amu Metals tend to be - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔electropostive Non-metals tend to be - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔electronegative Carbohydrates - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔sugars and polymers of sugars If you add hydrogen to a solution, it becomes more _________. - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Acidic dehydration synthesis - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔The process by which monomers are linked together to form polymers covalent bond - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔A chemical bond that involves sharing a pair of electrons between atoms in a molecule
Van der Walls interactions - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Weak attractions between molecules or parts of molecules that result from transient local partial charges -only occur when the molecules are very close together nonpolar - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔not charged Cohesion - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Attraction between molecules of the same substance Adhesion - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔An attraction between molecules of different substances surface tension - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔A measure of how difficult it is to stretch or break the surface of a liquid high specific heat - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔The ability of water to resist changes in temperature. high heat of vaporization - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Evaporation requires large amounts of heat Useful cooling mechanism
water is a _________ - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔solvent Hydrophobic - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔water fearing (non polar) Hydrophilic - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔water loving (polar) acid - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔A substance that increases the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution. base - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔A substance that decreases the hydrogen ion concentration in a solution. Buffers - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔-substances that minimize changes in pH -accept excess H ions and donate H ions when depleted pH of acid rain - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔less than 5. organic chemistry - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔the study of all chemicals containing carbon functional groups - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔regions of organic molecules most commonly involved in chemical reactions
Enantiomers - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔variations around an asymmetric carbon; cannot be superimposed on each other what kind of bond does carbon usually form? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔covalent bond What are the building blocks of proteins? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔amino acids rna - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔protein synthesis 3 parts of a nucleotide - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔sugar, phosphate, nitrogen base nucleic acid - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔carry information store and transmit heritable info Enzymes - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Proteins that speed up chemical reactions Denaturation - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔A process in which a protein unravels, losing its specific structure and hence function; can be
caused by changes in pH or salt concentration or by high temperature. Also refers to the separation of the two strands of the DNA double helix, caused by similar factors causes of denaturation - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔heat, pH, chemicals, salt concentrations there are _ amino acids. _ are essential - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔20; 9 Polypeptide - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔A polymer (chain) of many amino acids linked together by peptide bonds. lipids are - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔fats, hydrophobic, energy storage, EX: fatty acids, steroids, phospholipids monosaccharides are multiples of - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔ch2o Disaccharide - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔A double sugar, consisting of two monosaccharides joined by dehydration synthesis. storage polysaccharides - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔starch and glycogen (STRUCTURALLY BRANCHED)
