Download BIO 100 SBCC Exam 1 Questions And Answers 100% Verified and more Exams Social Sciences in PDF only on Docsity!
BIO 100 SBCC Exam 1 Questions And Answers 100% Verified
Biology - ANSWER the scientific study of life Qualifications of Life - ANSWER (1) Order/complex organization, (2) Response toenvironment, (3) Reproduction, (4) Evolution, (5) Growth, (6) Internal regulation, (7) Homeostasis, and (8) Energy processing The 5 Kingdoms - ANSWER Monera, Protoctista, Fungi, Plantea, and Animalia The 3 Domains - ANSWER Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya Smallest to largest levels of organization - ANSWER Atom, molecule, organelle, cell,tissue, organ, organ system, organism, population, community, ecosystem, biosphere
Science - ANSWER -Field of study that seeks natural explanations for naturalphenomena. -Must be observable, measurable, and variable Discovery Science - ANSWER Science describing nature Hypothesis-based Science - ANSWER Science that involves the scientific method The Scientific Method (Steps) - ANSWER (1) Observation, (2) Question, (3) Hypothesis,(4) Prediction, (5) Testing
Matter - ANSWER Anything that has mass and takes up space
Element - ANSWER A substance that can't be broken down into simpler substances Essential Elements of Life - ANSWER Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen Atom - ANSWER Smallest particle of an element Atomic Number - ANSWER The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. Defines theelement.
Atomic Mass - ANSWER The number of protons and neutrons combined Electron Shells - ANSWER -Where the electrons reside. -Can hold 2 or 8 electrons Inert vs. Reactive - ANSWER Inert atoms have a full outer shell while reactive atomshave an outer shell that is incomplete and ready to form bonds.
Chemical Bond - ANSWER Interaction between 2 or more atoms that result in eachatoms having a full outer shell. Electrons may be donated, received, or shared.
Ionic Bond - ANSWER Bond between oppositely charged atoms called ions Ion - ANSWER An atom that has gained or lost electrons, thus acquiring a charge. Covalent Bond - ANSWER Involves sharing an electron to stabilize 2 atoms Molecule - ANSWER Two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds
-Nature's most versatile atom -Can make 4 bonds because it has 4 outer electrons Organic Compounds - ANSWER Carbon based compounds Classes of Biomolecules - ANSWER Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids Polymer - ANSWER Large compound formed from combinations of many monomers Monomer - ANSWER A simple compound whose molecules can join together to formpolymers
Monosaccharides - ANSWER Glucose, fructose, galactose (simple sugars) Polysaccharides - ANSWER Starch, glycogen, cellulose (made up of monosaccharides) Carbohydrate functions - ANSWER (1) Provide fuel for cells, (2) store energy, and (3)structural support
Proteins - ANSWER Chains of amino acids that serve many functions in the body Hydrocarbon - ANSWER Compound composed of only carbon and hydrogen Protein Functions - ANSWER (1) Enzymes, (2) structure, (3) defense, (4) transport, andmuch more
Lipids ANSWER -Hydrophobic molecules typically composed of hydrocarbon chains orrings -Fats and oils
Saturated Fat ANSWER No double bonds between fatty acid chain, solid at roomtemperature
Unsaturated Fat ANSWER Double bonds, liquid at room temperature Trans Fat ANSWER Chemically processed to eliminate double bonds, makingunsaturated fats into saturated fats
Types of Lipids ANSWER Fats, steroids, and phospholipids Nucleic Acids ANSWER Store genetic blueprints for making DNA Nucleotide ANSWER Monomer of nucleic acids composed of a sugar, a phosphategroup, and a nitrogenous base
Cell ANSWER The smallest unit of life Cell Theory - ANSWER The theory that all living things are composed of cells, cells arethe basic units of structure and function in living things, and new cells are produced from existing cells by cell division Common features of all cells - ANSWER -Bounded by a cell membrane -contain cytoplasm -DNA is genetic material-have ribosomes
Prokaryotic Cell - ANSWER A cell that lacks a nucleus or other membrane-boundorganelles.
Rough ER - ANSWER Synthesizes and transports proteins from the ribosomes Golgi Apparatus - ANSWER A network of membranes that modifies and packagesproteins for export by the cell
Lysosome - ANSWER Contains digestive enzymes necessary for breaking downmaterials within a cell
Vacuole - ANSWER In plant cells, it absorbs water and stores vital chemicals or waste. Mitochondria - ANSWER Site of aerobic cellular respiration. Found in plant and animalcells
Chloroplast - ANSWER Site of photosynthesis in plant cells Theory of Endosymbiosis - ANSWER The theory that mitochondria and chloroplast werea result of endocytosis in the evolution of eukaryotes
Cell Wall - ANSWER A plant cell's support made of cellulose Passive Transport - ANSWER -Requires NO energy-Movement of molecules from high to low concentration -Moves with the concentration gradient Osmosis ANSWER Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane. Watertransports from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration
Isotonic ANSWER An equal amount of water is entering and exiting the cell
Hypotonic ANSWER More water is entering the cell than exiting, causing the cell theswell.
Hypertonic ANSWER More water is exiting the cell than entering, causing the cell theshrivel
Active Transport - ANSWER The movement of materials through a cell membrane usingenergy
Kinetic Energy - ANSWER Energy of motion Potential Energy - ANSWER Stored energy Chemical Energy - ANSWER Potential energy stored in chemical bonds ATP - ANSWER A high energy molecule released in cellular respiration Exergonic Reaction - ANSWER The chemical energy of the reactants is greater than thatof the products. Energy is released.
Endergonic Reaction ANSWER The chemical energy of the reactants is lower than thatof the products. Energy is input.
Metabolic Pathway ANSWER A sequence of reactions in which an original molecule istransformed into a product over a series of steps
Anabolic pathway ANSWER Small molecules are built up into bigger ones energy input
Oxidative Phosphorylation - ANSWER The production of 28 ATP using energy derivedfrom the redox reactions of an electron transport chain; the third major stage of cellular respiration. NADH and FADH2 - ANSWER Electron carriers in cellular respiration Electron Transport Chain - ANSWER series of electron carrier proteins that shuttlehigh-energy electrons during cellular respiration
Why is cellular respiration important? - ANSWER it produces ATP, which we use to keepour bodies working
