Study with the several resources on Docsity
Earn points by helping other students or get them with a premium plan
Prepare for your exams
Study with the several resources on Docsity
Earn points to download
Earn points by helping other students or get them with a premium plan
Community
Ask the community for help and clear up your study doubts
Discover the best universities in your country according to Docsity users
Free resources
Download our free guides on studying techniques, anxiety management strategies, and thesis advice from Docsity tutors
Class notes for lecture 1 on chapter 1 of general biology.
Typology: Lecture notes
1 / 4
This page cannot be seen from the preview
Don't miss anything!
Bio 101 Chapter 1 – Evolution, the Themes of Biology, and Scientific Inquiry Unifying biology themes o Organization o Information o Energy + matter o Interactions o Evolution Levels of Biological Organization
Systems biology – exploration of a biological system by analyzing interactions among its parts o A system can be a single leaf, a frog, an ant colony, or a desert ecosystem Examining + modeling dynamic behavior of an integrated network of components Structure + Function At each level of biological hierarchy there is a correlation between structure + function o Ex. A broad leaf shape to maximize sunlight capture by chloroplasts Natural selection The Cell Smallest unit of organization that can perform all activities required for life Cell theory – all living organisms are made of cells o Actions of organisms are all based on activities of cells All cells share certain characteristics: o Prokaryotic – bacteria + archaea o Eukaryotic – plants + animals Eukaryotic cell – membrane- enclosed organelles Prokaryotic cell – lacks a nucleus or other membrane – enclosed organelles o generally smaller than eukaryotic cells
Producers – plants + photosynthetic organisms Consumer – organism that feeds on other organisms or their remains Energy flows through an ecosystem in one direction, usually exiting as heat Chemicals cycle within an ecosystem, where they are used + recycled Interactions in Biological Systems Molecules o Feedback mechanism – allows biological processes to self – regulate o Feedback regulation – the output or product of a process regulates that very process Ecosystems Every organism interacts with other organisms o Ex. Acacia tree w/ soil microorganisms Organisms interact w/ physical factors in its environment o Ex. Tree leaves absorb sunlight, take CO2 from the air, release O2 into the air Evolution Evolution – process of biological change in which species accumulate differences from their ancestors as they adapt to different environments over time Theory of Natural Selection Natural selection – the natural environment consistently “selects” for the propagation of certain traits among naturally occurring variant traits in the population
