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How does inductive reasoning differ from deductive reasoning? - ansInductive reasoning involves going from the specific to the general, whereas deductive reasoning involves going from the general to the specific. In a scientific experiment, the control group ______. - ansserves as a basis of comparison with the experimental group You try to start your car, but it does not start. Which of these is a hypothesis? - ansMy car's battery is dead. The branch of biology that explains both the diversity and the unity of life is ______. - ansevolution How do hypotheses differ from theories? - ansTheories are more comprehensive than hypotheses. Over a span of two decades, scientists measured changes in the beak size of a population of Galapagos Finches. This - ansprovided evidence of natural selection in action Relative to prokaryotic cells, eukaryotic cells are usually ______. - anslarger and more complex Which of the following is a producer? - ansoak tree What is biology? - ansthe scientific study of life Members of the kingdom Plantae differ from members of the other kingdoms of Eukarya in that most members of the kingdom Plantae ______. - ansproduce their own food Why is water considered a polar molecule? - ansThe oxygen end of the molecule has a slight negative charge, and the hydrogen end has a slight positive charge. Beryllium's atomic mass is 9 and its atomic number is 4. How many neutrons are found in a beryllium atom? - ans All atoms of an element have the same number of ______. - ansprotons ______ is an example of an element. - ansCarbon The bond between oppositely charged ions is ______ bond. - ansan ionic Which of the following elements is not one of the four most common elements in living things? - anszinc An uncharged atom of gold has an atomic number of 79 and an atomic mass of 197. This atom has ______ protons, ______ neutrons, and ______ electrons. - ans79... 118... 79 What are the reactant(s) in the following chemical reaction? C6H12O6 + 6 H2O + 6 O2 ---> 6 CO2 + 12 H2O - ansC6H12O6, H2O, and O Adjacent water molecules are connected by the ______. - anselectrical attraction between the hydrogen of one water molecule and the oxygen of another water molecule Water molecules repel other water molecules True or False - ansFalse Proteins are polymers constructed from ______ monomers. - ansamino acid People with lactose intolerance do not have enough ______. - anslactase
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Which of the following is a health effect of a diet high in saturated fats? - ansincreased risk of heart attack By definition, what type of fatty acid has double bonds? - ansunsaturated Nucleic acids are polymers of ______ monomers. - ansnucleotide Saturated fats are saturated with ______. - anshydrogen What type of molecule is shown in the picture below? (DNA) - ansDNA Table sugar is ______. - anssucrose Animals store carbohydrates as ______. - ansglycogen A glycerol with three fatty acids attached is referred to as a ______. - ansfat The solutions in the arms of this U-tube are separated at the bottom by a semipermeable membrane. The membrane is not permeable to glucose. Side A is filled with a solution of 0. molar glucose and side B is filled with 0.5 molar glucose. Initially the volume in both arms is the same. Complete the following statement. At the beginning of the experiment ____________. - ansSide A is hypotonic (less concentrated than) to side B. A balloon permeable to water but not to glucose contains a 10% glucose solution. A beaker contains a 5% glucose solution. Which of the following is true? - ansThe solution in the balloon is hypertonic relative to the solution in the beaker. Passive diffusion does not require the addition of external energy to the system to allow it to take place. It is a net movement of _______________. - ansmolecules from an area of high to low concentration. There are different needs of diffusion in different environments and organisms. For example, plants have a significant requirement for water to maintain their structure and for their metabolic functions. Plants also have a rigid cell wall that prevents them from absorbing too much water. Animal cells, on the other hand, are not reinforced by a cell wall and much prevent themselves from taking in excess water. As a result of their different functional needs and membrane structure, in terms of tonicity, animal cells prefer ___________ environments, while plant cells prefer ___________ environments. - ansisotonic; hypotonic Tonicity refers to changes in cell volume that results from the diffusion forces working in the cells. What would happen if a red blood cell is places in a hypotonic solution of distilled water? - ansburst The two basic types of cells are ______ and ______. - ansprokaryotic... eukaryotic ______ are the major lipids of plasma membranes. - ansPhospholipids When using a light microscope to view a cell you obtained from scraping under your fingernails, you notice that the cell lacks a nucleus; therefore, you conclude that the cell must be a type of ______ cell. - ansprokaryotic
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What is the first step of the scientific method? - ansAsk a question If my experiment goes wrong, what do I do? - ansTest again If my experiment works, what do I do? - ansDo it again to make sure I can get the same result A hypothesis must be ______________. - ansTestable A general statement that is a tentative casual explanation for a group of observations is referred to as: - ansan hypothesis During cellular respiration, electrons move through a series of electron acceptor molecules. Which of the following is a true statement about this process? - ansOxygen is eventually reduced by the electrons to form water. Which of these equations describes aerobic cellular respiration? - ansglucose + oxygen --> carbon å + water + energy What compound directly provides energy for cellular work? - ansATP The first electron acceptor of cellular respiration is ______. - ansNAD+ Where in the cell does glycolysis occur? - anscytoplasm An aerobic process requires ______. - ansoxygen In aerobic respiration, how many molecules of acetic acid are produced from six molecules of glucose? - ans Examine the following figure. Which of these stages occur(s) in the cytoplasm? - ansglycolysis When oxygen delivery becomes insufficient to support a runner? - ansATP is inefficiently produced and lactic acid is generated as a by-product Which of the following is a result of glycolysis? - ansconversion of glucose to pyruvic acid The light reactions of photosynthesis convert ______ energy to ______ energy. - anssolar... chemical What name is given to the membranous sacs found within a chloroplast? - ansthylakoids Which of the following is found in both cellular respiration and in the light reactions of photosynthesis? - anselectron transport chain When a molecule absorbs a photon, one of its electrons is raised to the ______ state. - ansexcited In which organelle does photosynthesis take place? - anschloroplast Which of the following is an autotroph? - anspine tree If a plant appears blue to us, what wavelength of light is being reflected? - ansblue The color that we see when looking at a pigmented object is ______. - ansthe wavelengths that are reflected or transmitted by the pigmented object The energy of wavelengths that appear ______ is least useful to photosynthesis. - ansgreen What is one reason why plants have accessory pigment molecules, like chlorophyll b and carotenoids? - ansto absorb energy in parts of the electromagnetic spectrum that chlorophyll a cannot Anaerobic respiration produces a net maximum of ______ ATP per glucose. - ans
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Which part of cellular respiration produces the most NADH? - anscitric acid (Krebs) cycle Which of the following are produced during cellular respiration? - anscarbon dioxide, water, and ATP Electron transport takes place in the ______. - ansmitochondria A product of glycolysis is ______. - anspyruvic acid The second stage of aerobic respiration is ______. - ansthe citric acid cycle What waste product do yeast produce under anaerobic conditions? - ansethyl alcohol The products of the light reactions of photosynthesis are ______. - ansATP and NADPH Photosynthesis contributes to plant growth by _____. - anstaking in carbon dioxide and making sugars (carbohydrates) What compound is found at the reaction center of a photosystem? - anschlorophyll a Which of the following equations best summarizes photosynthesis? - ans6 CO2 + 6 H2O --> C6H12O6 + 6 O The Calvin cycle requires ______ and ______ from the light-dependent reactions in order to operate. - ansATP... NADPH Through what structure(s) do plants obtain most of their water? - ansroots Hydrogen bonds in water molecules are formed between: - ansHydrogen and oxygen atoms of adjacent molecules Why (if you are careful) are you able to float a needle on the surface of water? - ansThe surface tension that is a result of water's cohesive properties makes this possible. A temperature of 4°C indicates: - ansMaximum density of water A cell that neither gains nor loses water when it is immersed in a solution is ______. - ansisotonic to its environment The correct sequence of stages of MITOSIS is ______. - ansprophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase Sexual intercourse in humans ______. - ansallows a haploid sperm cell to fertilize a haploid egg cell During metaphase I, ______. - anshomologous pairs of chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell Which of the following is the best description of the events of anaphase I? - ansHomologous pairs of chromosomes randomly separate and migrate to opposite poles. Homologous chromosomes ______. - anscarry the same genes (possibly different alleles) Genetic variation is accomplished by all but one of the following. Which is it? - ansthe events of meiosis II Which of the following occurs during interphase? - ansChromosomes duplicate. ______ is an example of an organism that can reproduce asexually. - ansAn amoeba For a species with four pairs of chromosomes, ________ gametic combinations are possible.
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Nitrogen has an atomic number of 7; therefore, it has ______ electrons in its outermost electron shell.5 - ans An atom's protons are found in its ______. - ansnucleus Sulfur has an atomic number of 16. How many covalent bonds can sulfur form? - ans How does RNA differ from DNA? - ansRNA contains uracil; DNA contains thymine. Why do charged molecules have difficulty crossing a phospholipid bilayer? - ansthey are too polar A protein's function is dependent on its ______. - ansshape Glycogen is _____. - ansa polysaccharide found in animals The linear sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain is referred to as its ______ structure. - ansprimary If one strand of a DNA double helix has the sequence AGTACTG, what will be the sequence of the other strand? - ansTCATGAC A single carbon atom can form a maximum of ______ covalent bond(s). - ans You find a cell of a type you have never seen before. The cell has both a nucleus and a cell wall. Therefore, you conclude that it must be a ______ cell. - ansplant Which of the following processes could result in the net movement of a substance into a cell, if the substance is more concentrated in the cell than in the surroundings? - ansactive transport Glucose molecules provide energy to power the swimming motion of sperm. In this example, the sperm are changing ______. - anschemical energy into kinetic energy You are riding on your bike and stop pedaling, coasting along the road. Eventually, your bike slows down and stops. What happened to the energy of your motion when your bike stopped?
- ansIt was released as heat. Aerobic cellular respiration generates about ______ ATP from one glucose. - ans Some friends are trying to make wine in their basement. They've added yeast to a sweet grape juice mixture and have allowed the yeast to grow. After several days they find that sugar levels in the grape juice have dropped, but there's no alcohol in the mixture. The most likely explanation is that ______. - ansthe mixture needs less oxygen; yeast only produce alcohol in the absence of oxygen Which of the following is the source of electrons for the light reactions? - ansH2O What is the function of stomata? - ansgas exchange What sex chromosomes belong to a normal human male? - ansXY DNA is found in structures called ______. - anschromosomes A cell that completed the cell cycle without undergoing cytokinesis would ______. - anshave two nuclei Sister chromatids are joined at the ______. - anscentromeres The backbone of DNA consists of ______. - ansa repeating sugar-phosphate-sugar-phosphate pattern
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If a strand of DNA has the sequence AAGCTC, transcription will result in ______. - ansa single RNA strand with the sequence UUCGAG What is the smallest number of nucleotides that must be added or subtracted to change the triplet grouping of the genetic message? - ansone After replication, ______. - anseach new DNA double helix consists of one old strand and one new strand The DNA double helix is ______. - ansmade up of two polynucleotide strands What type of chemical bond joins the bases of complementary DNA strands? - anshydrogen A true-breeding plant that produces yellow seeds is crossed with a true-breeding plant that produces green seeds. The F1 plants have yellow seeds. What is the expected phenotypic ratio of seed color of the offspring of an F1 X F1 cross? - ans3: An individual with (naturally) curly hair and an individual with (naturally) straight hair mate; all of their offspring have (naturally) wavy hair. What is the relationship between the alleles for hair texture? - ansincomplete dominance Round seeds (R) are dominant to wrinkled seeds (r), and yellow seeds (Y) are dominant to green seeds, y. What is the expected phenotypic ratio of a cross between an RrYy and an rryy individual? - ans1:1:1: Attached earlobes are recessive to free earlobes. What is the probability of having a child with attached earlobes when an individual with attached earlobes mates with an individual heterozygous for free earlobes? - ans50% To determine the phenotype of an individual who expresses a dominant trait, you would cross that individual with an individual who ______. - ansis homozygous recessive for that trait Mendel crossed true-breeding purple-flowered plants with true-breeding white-flowered plants, and all of the resulting offspring produced purple flowers. The allele for purple flowers is ______. - ansdominant Alleles are described as ______. - ansalternate versions of a gene What is the key to the recognition of incomplete dominance? - ansThe phenotype of the heterozygote falls between the phenotypes of the homozygotes. What is the basis of Mendel's laws? - ansthe behavior of chromosomes during metaphase I and anaphase I of meiosis An individual who is homozygous ______. - anscarries two copies of the same allele for a gene A child is born with a rare disease in which mitochondria are missing from certain skeletal muscle cells. Physicians find that the muscle cells function. Not surprisingly, they also find that ______. Use this diagram to help you. - ansthe muscles contain large amounts of lactic acid following even mild physical exercise Sugar dissolves when stirred into water. The sugar is the ______, the water is the ______, and the sweetened water is the ______. - anssolute... solvent... solution
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A specific stretch of DNA that programs the amino acid sequence of a polypeptide is a ______. - ansgene Diffusion ______. - ansproceeds until equilibrium is reached Which of the following is a measure of disorder? - ansentropy Diffusion is an example of ______. - anspassive transport Humans use the calories they obtain from ______ as their source of energy. - ansfood Plant cells ______. - anshave chloroplasts and mitochondria Breathing faster when we exercise is necessary to expel ______. - anscarbon dioxide and bring in more oxygen to support aerobic metabolism Which phase is displayed by the cell pictured below? - ansmetaphase The cell cycle results in the production of ______. - anstwo cells, each with the same amount of genetic material and the same genetic information Upon completion of telophase I and cytokinesis, there ______ cell(s). - ansare two haploid The chromosomes of eukaryotic cells are found in the ______. - ansnucleus Which of these events occurs during anaphase? - ansSister chromatids separate. Which of the following is a stage of mitosis? - anstelophase For each labeled section of this diagram, choose the correct response. A: B: C: D: - ansenergy investment energy production energy investment 6 - carbon molecule 3 - carbon molecule What step in aerobic cellular respiration uses oxygen as the electron acceptor in the oxidation of electron carriers? This step uses electrons from NADH and FADH2 in producing ADP to ATP. - ansElectron Transport Chain Where does each step of cellular respiration take place in the cell? Glycolysis occurs in the ___ Citric Acid Cycle/Kreb Cycle occurs in the matrix of the ____ Electron Transport Chain/System occurs in the inner membrane of the ____ - anscytoplasm (cytosol) mitochondria mitochondria Under which conditions did the mouse in lab produce the most lactic acid? - anshigh intensity; low oxygen For speciation to occur, populations must be - ansGenetically isolated. Gene flow is accomplished by ______. - ansmigration
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Evolution means that - anspopulations of organisms change over time. Which of the following is an example of sexual selection? - ansPeahens choose to mate with peacocks that have the most beautiful tails. Which of the following is not a requirement of natural selection? - anscatastrophic events After surviving a bottleneck, a population recovers to the point where it consists of as many individuals as it did prior to the bottleneck. Which of the following statements is most likely to apply to this population? - ansThe postbottleneck population exhibits less genetic variation than the prebottleneck population. In The Origin of Species, Darwin argued that the mechanism of descent with modification was _____. - ansnatural selection The similarity of the embryos of fish, frogs, birds, and humans is evidence of ______. - anscommon ancestry The first basic idea of evolutionary adaptation can be traced back to _____. - ansLamarck The smallest unit that can evolve is the ______. - anspopulation Cells do not begin mitosis without passing several key checkpoints in interphase. Why are these checkpoints necessary? - ansthey ensure the DNA and organelles are properly replicated Use the diagram to answer the question that follows. Which phase of mitosis is represented in the diagram? - ansmetaphase What is the result when a single cell reproduces by mitosis? - anstwo cells with genetic material identical to the parent cell The following are diagrams of cell mitosis. Which is the correct order of cell mitosis? - ans4, 2, 3, 1 The drug Paclitaxel is used for cancer therapy. Paclitaxel interferes with the microtubules for cell division. Where was it naturally discovered? - ansPacific Yew Plant On what basis are populations assigned to the same biological species? - ansbeing able to interbreed and produce fertile offspring Characid fishes are only found naturally only in South America and Africa. Fossils of these fish are not found on any other continents. What is the most likely explanation of this distribution pattern? - ansCharacid fishes arose prior to the separation of the African and South American continents. Dinosaurs (aside from the lineage that produced birds) were extinct by the end of the ______.
- ansCretaceous A reproductive barrier that prevents species from mating is an example of ______. - ansa pre- zygotic barrier The wing of a penguin is ______ the flipper of a dolphin. - ansanalogous to The following is an example of ___________ Dolphin's echolocation ability; bat's echolocation ability - ansConvergent Evolution
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In the previous question about Greta and John, what are the possible genotypes of the parents in the cross? HINT: Remember that colorblindness is sex linked. For this problem, the letter "r" will designate the allele for the colorblindness trait while "R" will represent the allele for normal vision. a. In regards to the colorblind gene, which of the choices (A-I) is the proper representation of Greta's genotype? b. Which of the choices (A-I) is the proper designation for John's genotype for the colorblind gene? - ansGreta = B John = D Why does it make sense that many fruits are green when their seeds are immature? - ansThey are harder to see and thus less likely to be eaten than other fruits. Why are gymnosperms "naked seed" plants? - ansThey do not have fruits. Which of the following statements is true? Hundreds of plant species are going extinct each year. Humans depend on plants for food, wood, and medicines. All of the above statements are true. Fewer than 5,000 plant species have been tested as potential medicine sources. Rainforests regenerate slowly and cannot sustain slash-and-burn clearing. - ansAll of the above statements are true. In ______ the gametophyte is more obvious than the sporophyte. - ansmosses Which of the following correctly illustrates the sequence of the origin of modern groups of plants? - ansbryophytes, ferns, gymnosperms, angiosperms A pollen grain is a ______. - ansmale gametophyte The parts of a flower include all of the following except ______. - anscones Gametophytes are ______; sporophytes are ______. - anshaploid... diploid Which of the following is a component of the female structure of a flowering plant? - ansstigma Nearly all food plants are classified as ______. - ansangiosperms ______ are seedless vascular plants. - ansFerns ______ were the first plants that did not require water for transferring sperm to eggs. - ansGymnosperms The edible portion of a ______ is a ripened ovary. - anscucumber Which structure of a flowers traps pollen? - ansstigma Which of the following lack vascular tissue? - ansmosses Gametophytes reproduce ______. - ansby producing sperm and eggs The feature present in reptiles and absent in amphibians that freed reptiles from dependence on water for reproduction is ______. - ansthe amniotic egg What does the term tetrapod mean? - anshaving four feet A ______ is an example of an invertebrate chordate. - anslancelet
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The arthropod skeleton is composed of ______. - anschitin A true coelom is ______. - anscompletely lined with tissue derived from mesoderm How do New World monkeys differ from Old World monkeys? - ansNew World monkeys have a prehensile tail. Which of the following is a characteristic of all chordates? - ansThey all have a notochord sometime during the life cycle. ______ are the mammalian group that lay eggs. - ansMonotremes Almost every element of bird anatomy is modified for what? - ansenhancement of flight ______ is an example of a mollusc that does not have a shell. - ansA slug Genetic Drift can be defined as the change in allele and genotype frequency due to ... - anseach of the examples may result in genetic drift due to simple chance. In regards to the concept of evolution by natural selection, which of the following statement is true? - ansOrganisms with certain traits that are better adapted to their environment will tend to survive and reproduce more offspring. These structures are similar due to __________________. - anssharing a common ancestor that lead to divergent evolution Which of the following is an example of analogous structures? - ansbat wings and bee wings A given group of pine trees has been separated from the parent group because of a geographic separation through thousands of years. Two new species of pine trees occur. This is an example of - ansallopatric speciation. Which of the following is responsible for the increase in girth (width) of trees? - anssecondary growth Which of the following describes the vascular system of a typical plant? - ansit does all of the above Which of the following best describes the function of typical leaves? - ansphotosynthesis What typically has to happen before a fruit develops? - ansall of the above Which of the following form tubes and are alive when mature? - ansfood-conducting cells Which of the following constitute the shoot system of a plant? - ansall of the above Which of the following plant types complete their life cycle in two years? - ansbiennials Which of the following is a function of roots? - ansall of the above Which of the following is the waxy coating secreted on leaves and most stems? - anscuticle A plant's diploid form is called the ______; the haploid form is called the ______. - anssporophyte... gametophyte Match the PCR reagent with its description DNA Polymerase Primer Nucleotides - ansDNA Polymerase - Creates new DNA from template DNA Primer - Binds to the start sequence of the DNA to initiate copying Nucleotides - The building blocks of DNA
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______ are the most diverse group of arthropods. - ansInsects Swim bladders ______. - anshelp bony fish maintain buoyancy Which of the following is a stem modification for storage? - anstuber Which of the following is a multicellular mass that nourishes the embryo until it becomes a self-supporting seedling? - ansthe endosperm Which of the following form chains with overlapping ends and are dead when mature? - answater-conducting cells While on a hike, you notice that several burrs have become attached to your socks. You quickly pull them off. Burrs are produced by certain plants and frequently catch on animal fur (or people's clothing). After thinking about it, you decide that the burr is a type of _____ that is an adaptation for _____. - ansfruit...seed dispersal Which of the following best describes transpiration? - ansthe loss of water from plant leaves through evaporation Experimental plants that were sent up in space shuttle missions did not exhibit all of their normal tropisms. Which of the following responses would you most expect to be lacking from these plants? - ansgravitropism Which of the following best describes the essential difference between plant and animal nutrition? - ansPlants use inorganic substances and energy from the sun to produce their own food. Which of the following best describes the opening of stomata in most plants? - ansopen during the day and closed at night One plant organ that is always a sugar sink is a _____. - ansfruit A dolphin has the following classification, in order from most specific to most general.: Truncatus Tursiops Delphinidae Odontoceti Cetacea Chordata Animalia - ansThe species name is (Truncatus). Which kingdom does the dolphin belong to? (Animalia). What is the family name of the dolphin? (Delphinidae). The dolphin belongs to the order (Cetacea). An individual with (naturally) curly hair and an individual with (naturally) straight hair mate; all of their offspring have (naturally) wavy hair. If an individual with wavy hair mates with an individual with straight hair, what is the probability that their child will have curly hair? - ans0% Assume that having three nostrils is inherited as a sex-linked trait on the Y chromosome. A man with three nostrils has a daughter who has a son with a man who has only two nostrils. What is the probability that the three-nostriled man's grandson has three nostrils? - ans0%
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The ______ is most commonly found in nature. - answild-type trait
- What is the best explanation for a BbCc? bbcc cross producing offspring in a 5:5:1: phenotypic ratio? - anslinked genes A couple has two female children. What is the probability that their next child will be male? - ans50% A true-breeding plant that produces yellow seeds is crossed with a true-breeding plant that produces green seeds. The seeds of all of the offspring are yellow. Why? - ansThe yellow allele is dominant to the green allele. ______ genes violate Mendel's principle of independent assortment. - ansLinked Which of these crosses will only produce heterozygous offspring? - ansAA X aa What is the key to the recognition of codominance? - ansThe heterozygote expresses the phenotype of both homozygotes. In humans, the presence or absence of dimples is a trait controlled by a single gene. What is the genotype of an individual who is heterozygous for dimples? - ansDd Attached earlobes are recessive to free earlobes. What genotypic ratio is expected when an individual with attached earlobes mates with an individual heterozygous for free earlobes? - ans1: What name is given to the specific location of a gene on a chromosome? - anslocus Which of the following best describes substances that enter a plant through the root system? - ansThey are dissolved in water. The following picture is an example of (plant leaning towards sun) - ansphototropism Which of the following best describe(s) the dependencies of most flowering plants? - ansall of the above Which of the following is exemplified by a pea tendril contacting a string or wire and coiling around it for support? - ansthigmotropism Which of the following weather conditions would cause transpiration to be most rapid? - anshot, dry weather Which one of the following is associated with active heat dissipation due to sweating? - ansCreates evaporative heat loss for thermal regulation What part of the mammal brain is responsible for the homeostasis of temperature? - anshypothalamus Which of the following will mostly lead to conserving heat in mammals, such as deer? - ansvasoconstriction What mechanism is involved with evaporative heat loss? - anspanting The sea otter has a ___ surface area to volume ratio than a blue whale. This means that sea otters will lose ___ body heat proportional to their size. - anshigher; more You must obtain ______. - ansall of the above The main function of salivary amylase is to ______. - ansdigest food Digestion begins in the ______. - ansmouth
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In some zoos, rare crosses between a male lion and a female tiger have produced hybrid offspring called ligers. Male ligers are sterile but some female ligers are fertile. In the wild, lion and tiger ranges do not naturally overlap, making such a cross unlikely. Furthermore, the solitary behavior of tigers and the social organizations of lions create behavioral differences. Applying the biological species concept, the production of ligers reveals that ______. - anstigers and lions are kept separate in the wild by behavioral isolation. In some zoos, rare crosses between a male lion and a female tiger have produced hybrid offspring called ligers. Male ligers are sterile but some female ligers are fertile. In the wild, lion and tiger ranges do not naturally overlap, making such a cross unlikely. Furthermore, the solitary behavior of tigers and the social organizations of lions create behavioral differences. The natural differences in the ranges of wild tigers and lions is an example of ______. - ansa pre-zygotic barrier In some zoos, rare crosses between a male lion and a female tiger have produced hybrid offspring called ligers. Male ligers are sterile but some female ligers are fertile. In the wild, lion and tiger ranges do not naturally overlap, making such a cross unlikely. Furthermore, the solitary behavior of tigers and the social organizations of lions create behavioral differences. The production of sterile male ligers is an example of ______. - ansa post-zygotic barrier Which of these adaptations to a terrestrial existence evolved most recently? - ansseeds Sharks are a type of ______. - anscartilaginous fish A characteristic of arthropods that has allowed for their great success is the presence of ______. - ansan exoskeleton Features unique to mammals include ______. - ansthe presence of hair Nearly all ______ are aquatic. - anscrustaceans Which of these exhibits radial symmetry? - ansFerris wheel Which two organisms are most closely related? - ansA and C A plant grows taller through ______, which involves cell division in the ______. - ansprimary growth... apical meristem Which of the following is an example of flowering plant/animal interdependence? - ansAll of the above are examples of such interdependencies. Which of the following are the epidermal cell projections found on roots that increase the surface area? - ansroot hairs Two populations of crickets have stopped interbreeding over time, although they reside in the same geographic region. What is one possible explanation? - ansThey have developed a temporal isolation, a kind of prezygotic barrier Radially symmetrical animals have ________. - ansa top and bottom Which of the following is not an animal? - ansmushroom A body cavity which separates the gut from the outer body is called a - anscoelom Bilaterally symmetrical animals - ansAll of the choices are correct
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What is the simplest animal in the animal kingdom? - anssponge Match each term with a definition. - ansOrganism is composed of more than one cell = multicellular Organism requires an outside source of organic nutrients = heterotroph Organism takes in food through an opening (mouth) = ingestive Cells have a nucleus and organelles = eukaryote Choose the word that best describes each animal. - anszebra = mammal dolphin = mammal clam = protostome coelomate jellyfish = gastrovascular cavity sea urchin = radially symetrical deuterostome coelomate sea star = radially symetrical deuterostome coelomate beetle = protostome coelomate crab = protostome coelomate spider = protostome coelomate Blue-footed boobies of the Galapagos will mate only after a very specific courtship display on the part of the male. He high-steps to advertise his bright blue feet. What isolating mechanism discourages mating outside the species? - ansbehavioral isolation Eastern and western meadowlarks look almost identical and sometimes inhabit the same areas of prairies. They recognize members of their own species by distinctive songs and thus do not breed with each other. This is an example of: - ansbehavioral isolation. Horses and donkeys mate successfully to produce mules, which are always sterile. Which genetic isolating mechanism is involved here to prevent horses and donkeys from becoming a single species? - anshybrid infertility Response in blood sugar level of 2 different people. Same food. What's going on? Line A indicates _______ and Line B indicates ______ - ansA: low insulin production B: normal insulin production Observe the various polysaccharides above. Each is composed of a basic glucose monomer (C6H12O6), a monosaccharide. Then, why is it that the enzyme amylase only works on amylose. - ansThe enzymatic action for each molecule is specific.The polysaccharides have similar monomeric subunit, but have different shapes. If all of the proteins, lipids, polysaccharides, and nucleic acids in your body were completely digested, you would be left with ____________ respectively. Hint: what does each macromolecule break down to? - ansamino acids, fatty acids and glycerol, monosaccharides, and nucleotides Curve _______ represents the glycemic index of a complex sugar because _______________________. - ansB; polysaccharides are more slowly hydrolyzed than monosaccharides because they are larger molecules
