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signal transduction
for a stimulus to elicit a response, certain cells must have appropriate receptor. stimulation of receptor initiates specific signal transduction pathway TERM 2
reception
DEFINITION 2 receptor must be able to receive hormone or environmental stimulus, happens outside plasma membrane TERM 3
transduction
DEFINITION 3 relays proteins and second messengers, happens inside plasma membrane TERM 4
response
DEFINITION 4 activation of cellular response happens inside plasma membrane TERM 5
hormones
DEFINITION 5 are chemical signals that coordinate different parts of an organism
darwin and darwin experiment
phototropic response only when tip is illuminated but response is not in the tip, therefore there is a signal from the tippicture shows; 1. tip removed; no movement towards sun light2. tip covered; no movement towards sun light3. tip covered by transparent cap; movement towards sunlight4.site of curvature covered; did not inhibit movement TERM 7
Boysen-jensen experiment
DEFINITION 7 photoropic response when tip separated by permeable barrier, but not with impermeable barrier, therefore the signal is chemicalPicture shows; 1.tip separated by gelatin permeable so fluids still passed through, and plant still moved towards sunlight2. tip separated by mica, was impermeable, no movement TERM 8
effects of hormone Auxin
DEFINITION 8 -no hormone, no growth towards sun-hormone place all over tip, resulted in growth upwards not to sun-hormone only on left side, made plant elongate on left and lean right-hormone only on right side, made plant elongate right and lean left TERM 9
Auxins
DEFINITION 9 plant hormone that promotes growth TERM 10
cytokinins
DEFINITION 10 are so named because they stimulate cytokinesis (in combination with auxin causes apical dominance) promotes cell division in plant roots and shoots
gravitropism
is a turning of growth movement by a plant in response to gravity TERM 17
photoperiodism
DEFINITION 17 is the physiological reaction of organisms to the length o day or night TERM 18
circadian rhythm
DEFINITION 18 is any biological process that displays an endogenous, entrainable oscillation of about 24 hours (patterns within a 24-hour cycle) TERM 19
short day (long night
plant)
DEFINITION 19 plants that flower when a light period is shorter than a critical length. plant must have a long night before it will flower TERM 20
long day (short night
plant)
DEFINITION 20 plants that flower when light period is longer than a certain number of hours. plant will flower if it thinks it has a short night
day neutral plants
flowering controlled by plant maturity, not photoperiod TERM 22
plant biological clock
DEFINITION 22 -some plants lower their leaves in the evening and raise them in the morning, even in the absence of cues-plant uses feed back loop-phytochrome conversion provides the clock with the cues TERM 23
abiotic
DEFINITION 23 environmental nonliving stress for plantsex: drought, flooding, heat stress, cold stress etc. TERM 24
biotic
DEFINITION 24 environmental living stress for plants TERM 25
In response to drought
DEFINITION 25 plants will close stomata, slower leaf growth, and reduce exposed surface, deeper root growth
