Docsity
Log inSign up
Docsity
Prepare for your exams
Prepare for your exams

Study with the several resources on Docsity

Earn points to download
Earn points to download

Earn points by helping other students or get them with a premium plan

Guidelines and tips
Guidelines and tips
Sell on Docsity
Sell on Docsity
Log inSign up

Prepare for your exams

Study with the several resources on Docsity

Find documents

Prepare for your exams with the study notes shared by other students like you on Docsity

Search Store documents

The best documents sold by students who completed their studies

Search through all study resources
Docsity AINEW

Summarize your documents, ask them questions, convert them into quizzes and concept maps

Explore questions

Clear up your doubts by reading the answers to questions asked by your fellow students

Earn points to download

Earn points by helping other students or get them with a premium plan

Share documents
download point icon20 Points

For each uploaded document

Answer questions
download point icon5 Points

For each given answer (max 1 per day)

All the ways to get free points
Get points immediately

Choose a premium plan with all the points you need

Study Opportunities

Choose your next study program

Get in touch with the best universities in the world. Search through thousands of universities and official partners

Community

Ask the community

Ask the community for help and clear up your study doubts

University Rankings

Discover the best universities in your country according to Docsity users

Free resources

Our save-the-student-ebooks!

Download our free guides on studying techniques, anxiety management strategies, and thesis advice from Docsity tutors

From our blog

Exams and Study
Go to the blog

Comprehensive Exam on Evolutionary Biology and Animal Behavior, Exams of Biology

Arizona State University (ASU) - West CampusBiology

A comprehensive overview of key concepts in biology, focusing on evolution and behavior. It covers topics such as typological thinking, species concepts, variability, inheritance of acquired characteristics, cultural evolution, natural selection, and sexual selection. Additionally, it delves into ethology, ethograms, sign stimuli, imprinting, and the contributions of prominent scientists like darwin, wallace, and tinbergen. The document also explores levels of analysis, heritability, sociobiology, comparative psychology, kin selection, gene flow, group selection, selfishness, genetic drift, and fitness, providing a detailed examination of both proximate and ultimate explanations in biology. It is a valuable resource for students seeking to understand the fundamental principles of evolutionary biology and animal behavior. (405 characters)

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 06/03/2025

smart-scores
smart-scores šŸ‡ŗšŸ‡ø

5

(2)

6.8K documents

1 / 38

Toggle sidebar

This page cannot be seen from the preview

Don't miss anything!

bg1
1 || / || 38
BIO || 331 || Exam || 1 || Word || Bank || (Complete ||
comprehensive || exam) || with || precise || detailed ||
solutions
1. Typological || Thinking: || - || Central || to || Ancient || Greek || lifeviews.
-Organize || things || into || categories || based || on || basic || similarities
-fundamental || in || introducing || the || species || concept || and || categorization ||
of || behavior || to || science
-lacks || a || clear || appreciation || for || variation || of || individuals || in || wild || animals
2. Species || Concept: || - || Like || grouped || with || like
-based || on || shared || appearance || and || actions
-populations/ || species/ || clades/ || taxa
3. Variability:
4. Inheritance || of || acquired || characteristics: || Jean-Baptiste || de || Lamarck:
pf3
pf4
pf5
pf8
pf9
pfa
pfd
pfe
pff
pf12
pf13
pf14
pf15
pf16
pf17
pf18
pf19
pf1a
pf1b
pf1c
pf1d
pf1e
pf1f
pf20
pf21
pf22
pf23
pf24
pf25
pf26

Partial preview of the text

Download Comprehensive Exam on Evolutionary Biology and Animal Behavior and more Exams Biology in PDF only on Docsity!

1 || / || 38

BIO || 331 || Exam || 1 || Word || Bank || (Complete ||

comprehensive || exam) || with || precise || detailed ||

solutions

  1. Typological || Thinking: || - || Central || to || Ancient || Greek || lifeviews.
  • Organize || things || into || categories || based || on || basic || similarities
  • fundamental || in || introducing || the || species || concept || and || categorization || of || behavior || to || science
  • lacks || a || clear || appreciation || for || variation || of || individuals || in || wild || animals
  1. Species || Concept:|| - || Like || grouped || with || like
  • based || on || shared || appearance || and || actions
  • populations/ || species/ || clades/ || taxa
  1. Variability:
  2. Inheritance || of || acquired || characteristics: || Jean-Baptiste || de || Lamarck:

2 || / || 38

  • actions || and || changes || that || occur || over || the || lifetime || of || an || organism || are || passed || on || to || future || generations
  • mis-conception: || as || giraffes || stretch || their || necks || over || a || lifetime || to || get || food || higher || in || the || trees, || they || pass || on || such || a || within-lifetime || acquisition || to || their || kids -explains || human || cultural || selection
  1. Cultural || Evolution: || Some || traits || exist || because || individuals || transfer || them || directly || to || others, || and || they || have || no || relation || to || the || genetics || of || the || animals
  2. Natural || Selection:|| - || Charles || Darwin || and || Alfred || Wallace
  • acts || on || populations || of || individuals
  • evolutionary || changes || in || behavior || or || other || phenotypic || traits || are || inevitable || if:

4 || / || 38

  1. Heritability: || - || proportion || of || the|| total || variation || in || phenotypes || of || a || population/sam- || ple || that || arises || due || to || genetic || differences || among || individuals
  • || 0<H<
  • variation || that || is || not || due || to || heritability || is || due || to || environment
  • || H=V_g/(V_g || + || V_e)
  1. Ethology: || - || School || of || ethology || blossomed || into || 20th || century || alongside || compar- || ative || psy.
  • emphasis || on || animals || in || their || natural || surroundings
  • many|| behaviors || are || programmed || responses || of || animals|| to|| standard || environmental || conditions || (sign || stimulus) || -> || behaviors || are || instinctive
  1. Ethogram: || - || a || catalog || or || inventory || of || all || of || the || behaviors || an || animal || exhibits || in || its || natural || environment

5 || / || 38

  • set || of || predictable || tendencies || of || an || individual || or || species
  1. Sign || stimulus: || External || sensory || stimulus || or|| standard || environmental || conditions || that || trigger || a || fixed || action || pattern
  2. Imprinting: || offspring || will || treat || whatever || feeds || them || early || in || life || as || their || parent
  3. Fixed || Action || Pattern: || programmed || responses
  4. Niko || Tinbergen: || - || School || of || Ethology
  • contributed || invaluably || to || the || study || of || instinct || (1951)
  • 'four || central || questions|| we || can || ask || about || animal || behavior' || - || shared|| the|| 1973 || Nobel || Prize || in || Physiology || or || Medicine || with || Lorenz
  1. Karl || von || Frisch: || - || School || of || Ethology
  • demonstrated || the || ritualization || of || the || honey || bee || waggle || dance
  1. Charles || Darwin: || English || natural || scientist || who || formulated || a || theory

7 || / || 38

  • Mechanism || (hormones, || neurons, || ecology)
  1. Development:|| - || Proximate
  • Ontogeny || (imprinting, || organization)
  1. Evolution: || - || Ultimate
  • History || (shared || ancestry)
  1. Function: || - || Ultimate
  • Current || Value || (survival, || reproduction)
  1. Heritability: || Ability || of || a || trait || to || be || passed || from || one || generation || to || the || next
  2. Sociobiology: || the || systematic || study || of || the || biological || basis || of || all || social || behavior
  3. Comparative|| psychology: || - || intricate || observations || of ||

8 || / || 38 captive/domesticated || an- || imals

  • development || of || experimental || procedures || in || animal || behavior
  1. Kin || selection: || Natural || selection || that || favors || altruistic || behaviors || by || enhancing || reproductive || success || of || relatives
  2. Gene || flow: || Movement || of || alleles || into || or || out || of || a || population || due || to || the || migration || of || individuals || to || or || from || the || population
  3. Group|| selection: || - || explains || the|| persistence || of || species || due || to|| individuals || within || that || species || evolving || specific || behaviors
  • groups || of || animals || (i.e., || species) || are || subconsciously || competing || to || survive,|| and|| in|| a|| world|| where|| resources|| are|| limited,|| individuals|| within ||the||group||should||adapt|| behaviors|| that|| lead|| to|| sustainable|| use|| of|| those || limited || resources
  • only || species || that || have || adapted || good || population-regulating ||

10 || / || 38

  • Function/ || Evolution
  • Longer-term (Evolution || and || Function)
  1. Organizational || Effect: || the || influence || of || a || sex || hormone || on || the || development || of || brain || circuitry
  2. Activational || Effect: || a || temporary || change || in || behavior || resulting || from || the || admin- || istration || of || a || hormone || to || an || adult || animal
  3. Phylogeny/Phylogenetics: || Evolutionary || history || of || a || species || or || group, || espe- || cially || in || reference || to || lines || of || descent || and || relationships || among || broad || groups || of || organisms
  4. Clade: || A || group || of || species || that || includes || an || ancestral || species || and || all || its || descen- || dants.
  5. Parent-offspring || study: || - || correlational || study || design

11 || / || 38

  • measure || of || traits || in || parents || and || their || offspring || and || compare || strength || of || the || relationship || between || them
  • presumption || that || a || heritable || behavioral || trait || (broad-sense || heritability) || will || show || a || strong|| positive|| correlation|| between|| parent|| and|| offspring.||A||weakly||heritable||trait||will||show||that||the||behavior||of||offspring || will || not || resemble || that || of || their || parents || at || all.
  • among || the || weakest || of || study || types || for || drawing || conclusions || about || trait || heritabil- || ity, || because || there || can || be || so || many || confounding, || non-genetic || factors || (including || learning/experience) || in || their || environment || that || lead || to || common || parent-offspring || behavioral || phenotypes.
  1. Sibling/twin || study: || - || correlational || study || design
  • Measuring || and || comparing || behaviors || of || brothers/sisters

13 || / || 38 environmental||stimuli,||with||the||prediction||that||their||only||way||to||'know' || to || respond || to || proper || stimuli || is || if || it || is || 'innate'

  • excellent || ability || to || isolate || degree || of || genetic || control
  1. Maternal || effect: || naturally || transmitted || non-genetic || molecules || from || mother || to || offspring || that || affect || offspring || development || and || phenotype
  2. Nature || versus || nurture: || A || debate|| surrounding || the|| relative || importance|| of || hered- || ity || (nature) || and || environment || (nurture) || in || determining || behavior
  3. Communication: || - || one || of || the|| most || basic || behavioral || interactions || that || can || occur || between || two || animals
  • exchange || of || information || between || two || parties, || which || leads || to || an || informed, || fit- || ness-enhancing || decision || and || response || (can || also ||

14 || / || 38 incur || fitness || costs)

  • encoded || into || messages || called || signals
  • sensory || experience || which || ultimately || directs || received || environmental || energy || (i.e. || signals) || to || the || brain || for || decoding || and || decisive || action
  1. Epigenetics:|| - || study || of || changes || in || organisms || caused || by || modification || of || gene || expression || rather || than || alteration || of || the || genetic || code || itself.
  • conditions || in || the|| environment || modify || genetic || elements || (e.g.|| histones,|| DNA|| methy- || lation), || not || the || DNA || sequence || per || se, || to || lead || to || a || phenotype
  1. Cross-fostering || study: || - || experimental || study || design
  • Removing || offspring || from || their || parents || and || having || them || raised|| by ||

16 || / || 38 signals || sent || by || senders, || and || use || them || to || their || advantage, || at || the || detriment || of || the || signal || sender

  1. Spite: || - || a || simple || exchange || of || information || that || harms || both || the || sender || and || receiver, || both || of || which || are || not || family || members || (Hamiltonian || spite)
  • third-party || observer || gains || a || benefit || by || observing || a || net|| harmful || interaction || between || a || sender || and || receiver || (Wilsonian || spite)
  1. Visual || Communication: || Form || of || communication || between || animals || using || their || bodies, || includes || various || forms || of || display
  2. Chemical || communication: || Communication || through || the || use || of || chemical || sig- || nals, || such || as || pheromones
  3. Auditory || communication: || Communication || that || involves || the || use || of || sound || in || conveying || a || message

17 || / || 38

  1. Electrical || communication: || Electric || fish || communicate || by || generating || an || electric || field || that || a || second || individual || receives || with || its || electroreceptors
  2. Agonistic || signals: || Conflict || resolution
  3. Territorial || signals: || Territory || defense
  4. Sexual || signals: || Sexual || interactions
  5. Parent-offspring || signal:
  6. Social || integration || signals:
  7. Environmental || need || signals:
  8. Tactile/vibratory | | signals:
  9. Signal || sender:|| individual || who || is || transmitting || information
  10. Signal || receiver: || an || intended || recipient || of || information

19 || / || 38

  1. Index || signal: || - || intrinsically || anchored || to || an || animal's || anatomy || or || physiology || by || physical || constraints
  • example: || frequency || of || vocalizations || in || frogs, || where || pitch || depth || is || constrained || by || the || mass || of || the || vocal || chords, || providing || a || reliable || indicator || of || size
  1. Handicap || principle: || - || Zahavi
  • theory || of || sexual || selection || that || argues || only || the || fittest || individuals || can || afford || costly || traits
  • sexual || signals || can || be || made || honest|| (signals|| that || benefit || both || sender || and || receiver) || because || they || are || differentially || costly || to || produce
  • females || can || then || benefit || from || this || transaction || by || choosing || males || that || have || traits || of || underlying || interest || to || them.
  • makes || predictions || about || the || information || contained

20 || / || 38

  1. Differential || costs:
  2. Mutual || mate || choice: || When || males || and || females || of || a || species || both || choose || and || advertise/compete || for || their || partner, || due || to || high || investment || by || both || partners
  3. Male-male || competition: || Males || compete || with || one || another || to || attract || females
  4. Female-female || competition: || Females || compete || with || one || another || to || attract || males
  5. Sensory || bias: || development || of || a || trait || to || match || a || preexisting || preference || that || exists || in || the || population
  6. Unreliable || Signal || Hypothesis: || Any || one || signal || is || an || unreliable || indicator || of || quality || and || may || have || evolved || via || a || different || pathway || (i.e.|| runaway || selection; || see || Sexual || Selection || lecture), || but || the || signals || are ||