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BIO || 669 || Exam || 1 || EC || Questions || with ||
precise || detailed || solutions
Hypotension, || tachycardia || and || low || urine || output || are || signs || of || - || Correct || answer || ✔hypovolemia 7.36 || ph, || high || CO2 || and || high || bicarbonate || indicates || - || Correct || answer || ✔fully || compensated || respiratory || acidosis If || water || consists || of || 60% || of || TBW. || Choose || and || assign || corresponding || percentages || (40, || 5, || and || 20). ICF || = ECF= Interstitial || = Intravascular || = || - || Correct || answer || ✔ICF=40; || ECF=20; || Interstitial || = || 15 || and || Intravascular || = || 5 Adaptive || Immunity || is || programmed || to || respond || to || damage || to || the || body || whether || the || damaged || tissue || is || septic || or || sterile || - || Correct || answer || ✔False ||. Adaptive || (Acquired) || Immunity || is || the || third || line || of || defense || in || human || body || also || called || the || immune || response || or || immunity. || Whereas || the || Innate || Immune || system || is || programmed || to || respond || to || damage || to || the || body || whether || the || damaged || tissue || is || septic || or || sterile.
- || A || patient || in || the || Medical || ICU || has || +3 || pitting || edema || in || the || extremities, || jaundice, || icterus, || and || a || grossly || distended || abdomen. || Labs || show || that || his || albumin || levels || are || 1.2. || Which || option || below || describe || the || process || behind || the || ascites || and || pitting || edema ||?
A. || Decreased || hydrostatic || pressure B. || Decreased || capillary || oncotic || pressure C. || Increased || Interstitial || hydrostatic || pressure D. || Decreased || interstitial || oncotic || pressure || - || Correct || answer || ✔B- || decreased || capillary || oncotic || pressure Which || of || the || following || is || NOT || a || non || volatile || acid || in || the || body? A. || Lactic || acid B. || Phosphoric || acid C. || Hydroxybutyric || acid D. || Carbonic || acid || - || Correct || answer || ✔D- || carbonic || acid In || one || of || the || major || acid/base || buffering || systems; || the || lungs || will || decrease || __________ || _________ || by || blowing || off || carbon || dioxide || and || leaving || water || and || the || kidneys || will || regulate || the || levels || of || __________ || to || maintain || a || safe || pH. || - || Correct || answer || ✔Carbonic || acid/bicarbonate A || patient || presents || to || your || office || you || find; || dysthymia, || fatigue, || decrease || bowel || sounds, || thirst, || and || weakness. || What || potassium || imbalance || is || this? || - || Correct || answer || ✔Hypokalemia Hyponatremia || usually || causes || the || movement || of || _________into || ____ || - || Correct || answer || ✔Answer: || water, || cells Causes || of || hypernatremia, || include: A || excessive || free || water || intake. B || inappropriate || administration || of || hypertonic || saline || solution.
c.) || A || mineral || that || has || an || electric || charge, || found || dissolved || in || bodies || of || water d.) || All || of || the || above || - || Correct || answer || ✔c.) || A || mineral || that || has || an || electric || charge, || found || dissolved || in || bodies || of || water Alzheimer's || disease || is || the || result || of || a || decrease || in || which || neurotransmitter A. || Dopamine B. || Acetylcholine C. || Norepinephrine D. || Serotonin || - || Correct || answer || ✔B. || Acetylcholine An || excessive || amount || of || this || electrolyte || can || contribute || to || decreased || urine || formation, || the || formation || of || SIADH, || weakness, || muscle || twitching || and || cerebral || edema A. || Potassium B. || Calcium C. || Water D. || Sodium || - || Correct || answer || ✔D. || Sodium All || of || these || are || causes || of || edema || except: A: || Increase || in || capillary || hydrostatic || pressure B: || Decreased || in || plasma || oncotic || pressure C: || Increased || in || capillary || permeability D: || Decrease || in || hydrostatic || pressure || - || Correct || answer || ✔D: || Decrease || in || hydrostatic || pressure
_________ || have || similar || effects || to || histamine || in || later || stages A: || prostaglandins B: || Eosinaphils C: || Leukotrienes D: || Platelet-activating || factors || - || Correct || answer || ✔C: || Leukotrienes Causes || of || metabolic || alkalosis || include || all || the || following || except: a) || Mineralocorticoid || deficiency B) || Hypokalemia c) || Thiazide || diuretic || therapy d) || Recurrent || vomiting || - || Correct || answer || ✔a) || Mineralocorticoid || deficiency All || are || true || about || metabolic || alkalosis || except || one: a) || Associated || with || hyperkalemia b) || Associated || with || decreased || ionic || calcium || concentration || c) || Can || be || caused || due || to || Primary || hyperaldosteronism d) || Can || be || caused || due || to || Renin || secreting || tumor || - || Correct || answer || ✔a) || Associated || with || hyperkalemia Which || of || the || following || are || 2 || forces || that || favor || filtration? A. || Capillary || hydrostatic || pressure B. || Plasma || (capillary || ) || oncotic || pressure
c. || There || are || no || reason || for || you || to || quit || smoking || since || smoking || does || not || effect || our || health || in || any || way. d. || You || should || stop || smoking || because || it || can || increase || your || risk || factors || of || getting || lung || disease || and || cardiovascular || disease || as || well. || - || Correct || answer || ✔b. || Smoking || during || the || healing || process || can || cause || vasoconstriction || therefore || causing || ischemia || and || interrupt || the || healing || process. Non-volatile || acids || such || as || lactic || acid || cannot || be || converted || into || a || gas || and || excreted || as || __________, || so || they || must || be || buffered || through || the || __________. a) || C02, || kidneys b) || HC03, || respiratory || system c) || C02, || respiratory || system d) || HC03, || kidneys || - || Correct || answer || ✔a) || C02, || kidneys As || Na+ || travels || into || the || cell, || ions || travel || outside || to || maintain || equality || which || may || lead || to || acid/base || imbalances. a) || Cl- b) || H+ c) || Ca++ d) || HCO3 || - || Correct || answer || ✔b) || H+ What || is || the || most || abundant || cation || in || the || extracellular || space? a. || Potassium b. || Chloride c. || Sodium d. || Magnesium || - || Correct || answer || ✔c. || Sodium
Papilledema || is || an || indicator || of || which || of || the || following || problem? a. || Increased || sodium || retention b. || Increased || intracranial || pressure c. || Dehydration d. || Widening || of || the || foramen || magnum || - || Correct || answer || ✔b. || Increased || intracranial || pressure Both || _______ || and || ________ || would || be || considered || physical || and/or || mechanical || barriers || that || contribute || to || the || body's || defense || mechanisms. a.) || normal || body || flora; || cytokines b.) || respiratory || tract || ciliary || movement; || neurons c.) || Natural || Killer || Cells; || epithelial || cells || of || the || skin d.) || epithelial || cells || of || the || skin; || respiratory || tract || ciliary || movement || - || Correct || answer || ✔d.) || epithelial || cells || of || the || skin; || respiratory || tract || ciliary || movement Physical || barriers || are || composed || of || tightly || associated || epithelial || cells || that || comprise || the || skin || and || the || lining || of || the || GI || tract || which || prevent || entry || of || outside || pathogens. || Mechanical || barriers || remove || pathogens || that || attempt || to || invade || the || physical || barrier. Which || of || the || following || would || not || be || a || contributing || factor || to || dysfunctional || wound || healing? a.) || Infection b.) || Minerals || & || Vitamins || use c.) || Diabetes d.) || Ischemia || - || Correct || answer || ✔b.) || Minerals || & || Vitamins || use
a. || Reverse-transcriptase || inhibitors b. || Entrance || inhibitors c. || Exit || inhibitors d. || AZT e. || Integrase || inhibitors f. || Protease || inhibitor || - || Correct || answer || ✔A, || B, || D, || E, || F a. || Reverse-transcriptase || inhibitors b. || Entrance || inhibitors d. || AZT e. || Integrase || inhibitors f. || Protease || inhibitor Breastfeeding || is || considered || which || type || of || immunity? a. || Active || Immunity b. || Adaptive || Immunity c. || Passive || Immunity d. || Transferred || Immunity || - || Correct || answer || ✔c. || Passive || Immunity Which || of || the || following || is || NOT || true || about || potassium? A) || Diabetic || ketoacidosis || is || associated || with || high || serum || potassium B) || Insulin || administration || increases || the || extracellular || concentration || of || potassium C) || Aldosterone || causes || potassium || excretion || in || urine
D) || Potassium || deficiency || delays || ventricular || repolarization || - || Correct || answer || ✔B) || Insulin || administration || increases || the || extracellular || concentration || of || potassium Which || of || the || following || is || true || about || metabolic || alkalosis? || Select || all || that || apply. A) || Can || be || caused || by || vomiting || with || hydrochloric || acid || loss B) || Associated || with || hyperkalemia C) || High || bicarbonate, || high || pH || lab || results D) || Hypoventilation || as || a || compensatory || mechanism || - || Correct || answer || ✔A, || C, || D || A) || Can || be || caused || by || vomiting || with || hydrochloric || acid || loss C) || High || bicarbonate, || high || pH || lab || results D) || Hypoventilation || as || a || compensatory || mechanism What || Plasma || Protein || system || has || similarities || to || histamine || and || assists || inflammatory || cells || by || causing || dilation || of || blood || vessels, || pain, || and || smooth || muscle || contraction? a) || Compliment || system b) || Clotting || system c) || Kinin || system d) || none || of || the || above || - || Correct || answer || ✔c) || Kinin || system || (specifically || bradykinin) What || is || the || bodies || defense || to || viral || infections? a) || Interleukins b) || Tumor || necrosis || factor-alpha
(blank) || is || the || most || prevalent || ICF || ion. || It || is || required || in || order || for || glycogen || to || be || able || cross || liver || and || skeletal || muscle || cells. || If || insulin || is || given || when || levels || are || low || this || may || lead || to || an || dangerously || low || levels || of || this || ion. || - || Correct || answer || ✔Potassium Which || type || of || pressure || attracts || water || from || the || capillary || into || the || interstitial || space? A. || Capillary || hydrostatic || pressure B. || Capillary || oncotic || pressure C. || Interstitial || hydrostatic || pressure D. || Interstitial || oncotic || pressure || - || Correct || answer || ✔D. || Interstitial || oncotic || pressure Which || of || the || following || is || NOT || a || quality || of || adaptive || immunity? A. || Inducible B. || Specific C. || No || memory D. || None || of || the || above || - || Correct || answer || ✔C. || No || memory To || achieve || an || acid-base || balance, || pulmonary || compensation || is || ________ || (fast || or || slow); || while || renal || compensation || is || __________ || (fast || or || slow). || - || Correct || answer || ✔fast, || slow || (respectively) MHC || class || I || molecules || offer___________ || antigens; || MHC || class || II || molecules || offer || ____________ || antigens. || (endogenous || or || exogenous) || - || Correct || answer || ✔endogenous, || exogenous || (respectively) Hypokalemia || may || be || caused || by || ______ || (increased, || decreased) || potassium || intake, || a || shift || of || potassium || from || _____ || (ICF, || ECF), || to || the || _____ || (ICF, || ECF), || increased || _____ || (ADH, ||
Aldosterone), || increased || renal || excretion, || and || ____ || (alkalosis, || acidosis). || - || Correct || answer || ✔decreased, || ECF, || ICF, || Aldosterone, || alkalosis What || are || the || macroscopic || and || microscopic || hallmarks || of || inflammation? || - || Correct || answer || ✔Macro= || redness, || swelling, || heat, || pain || and || loss || of || function || of || the || inflamed || tissues Micro= || vasodilation, || increased || capillary || permeability, || accumulation || of || fluid || and || cells || at || the || site || of || inflammation What || percentage || of || total || body || water || (TBW) || is || in || a || pediatric || patient? a. || 25% b. || 50% c. || 60% d. || 75% || - || Correct || answer || ✔d. || 75% Which || of || the || following || is || not || a || sign || of || hypokalemia? a. || decreased || neuromuscular || excitability b. || smooth || muscle || atony c. || tall || peaked || T || wave d. || skeletal || weakness || - || Correct || answer || ✔C. || tall || peaked || T || wave All || of || the || following || are || contributing || factors || to || acidosis || except: a. || Too || Much || Acid b. || Too || Little || Base c. || Too || Much || Base d. || Too || Much || Carbon || Dioxide || - || Correct || answer || ✔C. || Too || Much || Base
a) || Metabolic || acidosis b) || active || immunity c) || capillary || permeability d) || colloid || osmotic || pressure || - || Correct || answer || ✔c. || capillary || permeability The || type || of || leukocyte || associated || with || allergic || responses || is || the || neutrophil. a) || True b) || False || - || Correct || answer || ✔b. || False || (the || type || of || leukocyte || is || eosinophil) The || movement || of || fluid || between || the || vascular, || interstitial || space || and || lymphatics || is || a || result || of? A. || Capillary || oncotic || pressure B. || Hydrostatic || pressure C.Net || filtration D. || Osmotic || forces || - || Correct || answer || ✔C. || Net || filtration Increased || osmolality || stimulates || ADH, || what || will || the || secretions || result || in? A. || Increased || water || reabsorption B. || Less || concentrated || blood || plasma C. || More || concentrated || urine D. || All || the || above || - || Correct || answer || ✔D. || All || of || the || above Your || patient || arrives || from || an || outside || hospital || in || DKA. || Report || from || outside || hospital || is || the || patient || received || a || bolus || of || Insulin || and || the || patients || blood || sugar || dropped || from || 520 || to || 198 || over || the || last || two || hours. || What || would || you || be || concerned || about || with || the || quick || drop || in || blood || sugar.
A. || ICP
B. || Kidney || Function C. || Liver || Function D. || UTI || - || Correct || answer || ✔A. || ICP What || is || the || most || common || electrolyte || imbalance || in || the || elderly? A. || Hyperkalemia B. || Hypokalemia C. || Hypernatremia D. || Hypokalemia || - || Correct || answer || ✔D. || Hypokalemia Which || systems || together || with || the || body's || buffer || systems || are || the || principal || regulators || of || acid-base || balance? a. || Lymphatic || and || Respiratory || systems b. || Renal || and || Respiratory || systems c. || Cardiac || and || Skeletal || systems d. || Immune || and || Urinary || sysytms || - || Correct || answer || ✔B. || Renal || and || Respiratory Vomiting, || gastrointestinal || suctioning, || excessive || bicarbonate || intake, || hyperaldosteronism, || and || diuretic || therapy || could || indicate || which || condition? a. || Respiratory || alkalosis b. || Respiratory || acidosis c. || Metabolic || acidosis d. || Metabolic || alkalosis || - || Correct || answer || ✔Metabolic || alkalosis
How || is || fluid || maintained || in || the || body? a.) || Kidneys || filtering || electrolytes || and || water || from || the || blood. b.) || The || thirst || mechanism || that || stimulate || thirst || in || response || to increase || the || blood || volume || concentration. c.) || Movement || of || fluid || from || intravascular || to || interstitial || fluid || - || Correct || answer || ✔a-Kidneys || filtering || electrolytes || and || water || from || the || blood What || is || the || importance || of || having || electrolytes? a.) || Balance || the || body's || acid/base || pH || levels b.) || Move || nutrients || out || of || cells c.) || Move || waste || out || of || cells d.) || Make || sure || that || nerves, || the || heart, || and || brain || work || correctly e.) || A, || C, || and || D f.) || All || the || above || - || Correct || answer || ✔A, || C, || D a.) || Balance || the || body's || acid/base || pH || levels c.) || Move || waste || out || of || cells d.) || Make || sure || that || nerves, || the || heart, || and || brain || work || correctly All || immunogens || are || antigens, || but || not || all || _____________are_________________ || - || Correct || answer || ✔Antigens, || immunogens You || have || a || patient || that || you || admitted || to || the || telemetry || floor || and || you || place || them || on || the || cardiac || monitor || to || find || peaked || T-waves || and || ST || segment || changes. || You || know || that ||
______________is || the || likely || cause || of || the || peaked || T || waves || because || this || electrolyte || shifts || from || ICF || to || ECF || which || will || cause || an || increase || in || the || ability || of || the || heart || to || repolarize. a. || Hypokalemia b. || Hyperkalemia c. || Hyponatremia d. || Hypercalcemia || - || Correct || answer || ✔B. || Hyperkalemia _____________ || positioning || is || flexion || of || arms, || wrists, || fingers || with || adduction || in || upper || extremities. a. || ) || Decerebrate b. || ) || Decorticate c.) || Tonic || Clonic d.) || Extensor || - || Correct || answer || ✔B. || Decorticate ____________ || reactions || are || mediated || by || antigen-specific || _____ || and || the || products || of || tissue || mast || cells. a. || ) || Type || 1 || hypersensitivity, || IgE b.) || Type || 2 || hypersensitivity, || IgE c.) || Type || 1 || hypersensitivity, || IgG d.) || Type || 2 || hypersensitivity, || IgG || - || Correct || answer || ✔A. || Type || 1 || hypersensitivity, || IgE __________ || is || the || main || cation, || ___________ || charged || ion || in || the || blood. Chloride, || positively Hydrogen, || negatively Sodium, || positively Potassium, || negatively || - || Correct || answer || ✔sodium, || positively
