Download BIO 669 Understanding Patho Pulmonary - Quiz 5 Exam 3 with precise detailed solutions and more Exams Biology in PDF only on Docsity!
BIO 669 Understanding || Patho: ||
Pulmonary || - || Quiz || 5: || Exam || 3 || with ||
precise || detailed || solutions
Two || types || of || airways || in || the || pulmonary || system: || - || Correct || answer || ✔1. || conducting || airways.
- || gas || exchange. The || conducting || airways || are || involved || in: || - || Correct || answer || ✔ventilation; || mechanical || movement || of || air || in/out || of || the || lungs. || Involves || much || of || the || initial || airways. The || gas || exchange || airways || involves || what || function? || - || Correct || answer || ✔respiration || and || exchange || of || gas || across || membranes || resulting || in || O2/CO2 || gas || exchange. 3 || major || airways || of || the || conducting || airway: || - || Correct || answer || ✔1. || upper || airways.
- || larynx || (laryngopharynx).
- || lower || airways. Two || components || of || the || upper || airways: || - || Correct || answer || ✔1. || nasopharynx.
- || oropharynx. What || is || the || purpose || if || the || larynx? || - || Correct || answer || ✔connects || the || upper || and || lower || airways. ||
Has || a || switching || mechanism || that || only || allows || airway || to || be || available || in || the || breathing || portion. || Also || functions || for || voice || production. 3 || components || of || the || lower || airways || in || the || conducting || airways: || - || Correct || answer || ✔1. || trachea.
- || bronchi.
- || terminal || bronchioles. The || trachea || deviates || into: || - || Correct || answer || ✔the || right || and || left || main || stem || bronchus. The || split || between || the || main || bronchi || is || called: || - || Correct || answer || ✔carina. Terminal || bronchioles || have || small || amounts || of: || - || Correct || answer || ✔cartilage. Most || of || the || bronchioles || are || involved || in: || - || Correct || answer || ✔the || respiration/gas || exchange || airway || rather || than || the || conducting || airways. 3 || major || components || of || the || gas-exchange || airways: || - || Correct || answer || ✔1. || respiratory || bronchioles.
- || alveolar || ducts.
- || alveoli. Describe || alveoli: || - || Correct || answer || ✔small || balloon || like || structures || where || the || air || ends; || the || smallest || unit || of || respirations. What || cells || make || up || alveoli || walls? || - || Correct || answer || ✔epithelial || cells.
The || combination || of || the || respiratory || bronchioles, || alveolar || ducts, || and || alveoli || is || called: || - || Correct || answer || ✔acinus. Function || of || the || pharynx: || - || Correct || answer || ✔combined || eating, || drinking || and || respiratory || section. Esophagus || fxn: || - || Correct || answer || ✔eating || and || drinking || only. As || bronchi || divide, || they || have || what || mimicry? || - || Correct || answer || ✔Arteries || and || arterioles || that || mimic || division || to || alveoli. || Veins || do || not || follow || this || pattern. What || are || generations || when || discussing || bronchi, || bronchioles || and || alveolar || ducts? || - || Correct || answer || ✔how || many || times || the || unit || divides. What || is || lost || as || anatomy || progresses || down || the || conducting || airways? || - || Correct || answer || ✔more || and || more || cartilage || is || lost. || The || respiratory || unit || does || not || have || cartilage. What || type || of || cartilage || does || bronchioles || possess? || - || Correct || answer || ✔incomplete || cartilage || as || it || does || not || form || complete || rings || like || segmental || bronchi. What || is || the || benefit || of || incomplete || cartilage || in || the || bronchioles? || - || Correct || answer || ✔The || bronchioles || can || close || off || airways || and || shut || them || down || to || help || prevent || pollutants || and || irritants || from || reaching || the || lower || airways. || The || upper || airways || must || remain || open || at || all || times.
Alveoli || have || the || ability || to || communicate || with || one || another || through: || - || Correct || answer || ✔The || pores || of || Kohn || that || cause || equalization || of || pressure, || exchange || of || small || amounts || of || gas || and || increase || efficiency || of || ventilation || b/t || alveoli. HERE || starts || the || teaching || focus || concepts: || - || Correct || answer || ✔... The || pulmonary || system || consists || of: || - || Correct || answer || ✔1. || the || lungs.
- || airways.
- || chest || wall.
- || diaphragm.
- || pulmonary || and || bronchial || circulation. Air || is || inspired || and || expired || through || the || _____________ || airways: || - || Correct || answer || ✔conducting. The || conducting || airways || includes || which || components: || - || Correct || answer || ✔1. || nasopharynx.
- || oropharynx.
- || trachea.
- || bronchi.
- || bronchioles || to || the || sixteenth || division. What || occurs || beyond || the || sixteenth || division || and || what || structures || are || involved || here? || - || Correct || answer || ✔Gas || exchange || occurs || beyond || the || sixteenth || division.
- || respiratory || bronchioles.
- || alveolar || ducts.
- || alveoli.
What || type || of || receptors || sense || the || effectiveness || of || ventilation? || - || Correct || answer || ✔chemoreceptors. where || are || chemoreceptors || located? || - || Correct || answer || ✔in || the || circulatory || system || and || brainstem. How || do || chemoreceptors || sense || the || effectiveness || of || ventilation? || - || Correct || answer || ✔by || monitoring || the || pH || status || of || CSF || and || the || oxygen || content || of || arterial || blood || (PaO2). Successful || ventilation || involves || what || 4 || mechanics || of || breathing? || - || Correct || answer || ✔1. || interaction || of || forces || & || counterforces || involving || the || muscles || of || inspiration || & || expiration.
- || alveolar || surface || tension.
- || elastic || properties || of || the || lungs || and || chest || wall.
- || resistance || to || airflow. What || is || the || major || muscle || of || inspiration? || - || Correct || answer || ✔the || diaphragm. What || occurs || when || the || diaphragm || contracts? || - || Correct || answer || ✔it || moves || downward || in || the || thoracic || cavity || creating || a || vacuum || that || causes || air || to || flow || into || the || lungs. Compliance || is || the || ability || of || the || lungs || and || chest || wall || to: || - || Correct || answer || ✔expand || during || inspiration.
The || adequate || production || of || ____________________ || ensures || lung || compliance. || - || Correct || answer || ✔surfactant. Chest || wall || expansion || depends || on: || - || Correct || answer || ✔flexibility. Important || protein || contained || within || RBCs || - || Correct || answer || ✔hemoglobin. How || much || oxygen || does || hemoglobin || normally || transport || that || diffuses || into || pulmonary || capillary || blood? || - || Correct || answer || ✔almost || all. The || remainder || of || O2 || is || transported || dissolved || in || plasma. How || does || oxygen || enter || the || body? || - || Correct || answer || ✔By || diffusing || down || the || concentration || gradient || from || high || concentrations || in || the || alveoli || to || lower || concentrations || in || the || capillaries. When || does || diffusion || of || oxygen || cease? || - || Correct || answer || ✔when || alveolar || and || capillary || oxygen || pressures || equilibrate. How || does || aging || affect || the || mechanical || aspects || of || ventilation? || - || Correct || answer || ✔by || decreasing || chest || wall || compliance || and || elastic || recoil || of || the || lungs. Changes || in || the || elastic || properties || associated || with || aging || reduces: || - || Correct || answer || ✔ventilatory || reserve. A || feeling || of || breathlessness || and || increased || respiratory || effort. || - || Correct || answer || ✔dyspnea. What || is || orthopnea? || - || Correct || answer || ✔dyspnea || when || a || person || lies || flat.
Hypoventilation || causes || increased: || - || Correct || answer || ✔PaCO2. Hyperventilation || is || increased || alveolar || ventilation || produced || by: || - || Correct || answer || ✔1. || anxiety.
- || head || injury.
- || severe || hypoxemia. Hyperventilation || causes || ______________ || PaCO2. || - || Correct || answer || ✔decreased || PaCO2. What || causes || cyanosis? || - || Correct || answer || ✔1. || desaturation || of || hemoglobin.
- || polycythemia.
- || peripheral || vasoconstriction. What || physical || assessment || is || associated || with || diseases || that || interfere || with || oxygenation || of || the || tissues? || - || Correct || answer || ✔clubbing || of || the || fingertips. Chest || pain || can || result || from: || - || Correct || answer || ✔1. || inflamed || pleurae.
- || trachea.
- || bronchi.
- || respiratory || muscles. Hypercapnia || is || increased || PaCO2 || caused || by: || - || Correct || answer || ✔a || decrease || in || minute || volume || (respiratory || rate || X || tidal || volume). Hypoxemia || is || reduced: || - || Correct || answer || ✔PaO2 || (in || arterial || blood).
What || caused || hypoxemia? || - || Correct || answer || ✔1. || decreased || oxygen || content || of || inspired || gas.
- || hypoventilation.
- || diffusion || abnormality.
- || V/Q || mismatch.
- || shunting. Acute || respiratory || failure || is || caused || by: || - || Correct || answer || ✔inadequate || gas || exchange || or || ventilation. What || are || the || PaO2, || PaCO2 || and || pH || values || for || acute || respiratory || failure? || - || Correct || answer || ✔PaO2 || <= || 50. PaCO2 || >= || 50. pH || >= || 7.25. What || types || of || diseases || can || diminish || chest || wall || compliance? || - || Correct || answer || ✔1. || obesity.
- || kyphoscoliosis.
- || neuromuscular || dz. The || top || two || compress || the || lungs. || #3 || impairs || chest || wall || muscle || function. What || causes || flail || chest? || - || Correct || answer || ✔rib || or || sternal || fractures || that || disrupt || the || mechanics || of || breathing. What || is || the || accumulation || of || air || in || the || pleural || space?
aspiration || usually || occurs || d/t: || - || Correct || answer || ✔impaired || swallowing || and || coughing. aspiration || frequently || results || in: || - || Correct || answer || ✔1. || pneumonitis.
- || pulmonary || infection. Atelectasis || is || the || collapse || of || ____________ || as || a || result || of: || - || Correct || answer || ✔collapse || of || alveoli || as || a || result || of || compression || of || the || lung || tissue || or || absorption || of || gas || from || obstructed || alveoli. Abnormal || dilation || of || the || bronchi || - || Correct || answer || ✔bronchiectasis. Usually || cause || of || bronchiectasis: || - || Correct || answer || ✔usually || secondary || to || another || pulmonary || disorder || such || as || infection || or || inflammation. What || is || bronchiolitis? || - || Correct || answer || ✔inflammatory || obstruction || of || small || airways. Bronchiolitis || is || most || common || in: || - || Correct || answer || ✔children. Pulmonary || fibrosis || is: || - || Correct || answer || ✔an || excessive || amount || of || connective || tissue || in || the || lung || that || diminished || lung || compliance. Causes || of || pulmonary || fibrosis: || - || Correct || answer || ✔can || be || idiopathic || or || caused || by || disease. Excess || water || in || the || lungs: || - || Correct || answer || ✔pulmonary || edema.
Causes || of || pulmonary || edema: || - || Correct || answer || ✔disturbances || of || capillary || hydrostatic || pressure, || oncotic || pressure || or || permeability. common || cause || = || left-sided || HF || that || increases || hydrostatic || pressure || in || the || pulmonary || circulation. ARDS || is || the || result || of: || - || Correct || answer || ✔an || acute, || diffuse || injury || to || the || alveolocapillary || membrane || and || decreased || surfactant || production || which || increase || membrane || permeability || and || cause || edema || and || atelectasis. Airway || obstruction || that || causes || difficult || expiration || is || characteristic || of: || - || Correct || answer || ✔obstructive || pulmonary || disease. obstructive || diseases || can || be: || - || Correct || answer || ✔acute || or || chronic. obstructive || diseases || include: || - || Correct || answer || ✔1. || asthma.
- || chronic || bronchitis.
- || emphysema. Asthma || is || a || chronic || inflammatory || disorder || of: || - || Correct || answer || ✔the || bronchial || mucosa. The || chronic || inflammation || of || the || bronchial || mucosa || causes: || - || Correct || answer || ✔1. || bronchial || hyperresponsiveness.
- || mucosal || edema.
- || airway || constriction.
- || variable || obstruction || to || airflow.
- || healthcare || associated || (HCAP).
- || hospital || acquired || (HAP).
- || ventilator || associated || (VAP). TB || is || a || lung || infection || caused || by: || - || Correct || answer || ✔mycobacterium || tuberculosis || (tubercle || bacillus). Acute || infection || or || inflammation || of || the || airways || or || bronchi. || - || Correct || answer || ✔acute || bronchitis. typical || cause || of || acute || bronchitis: || - || Correct || answer || ✔virus. What || two || things || cause || pulmonary || vascular || diseases? || - || Correct || answer || ✔1. || embolism.
- || HTN || in || the || pulmonary || circulation. PE || is || occlusion || of: || - || Correct || answer || ✔a || portion || of || the || vascular || bed || by || a || thrombus || (most || common), || tissue || fragment || or || air || bubble. Depending || on || its || size || and || location, || the || embolus || can || cause: || - || Correct || answer || ✔1. || hypoxic || vasoconstriction.
- || pulmonary || edema.
- || atelectasis. ||
- || pulmonary || HTN.
- || shock.
- || death.
Pulmonary || artery || HTN || is || PA || pressure || _____________________ || greater || than || normal. || - || Correct || answer || ✔5-10 || mmHg || greater || than || normal, || or || above || 20. PA || HTN || is || caused || by: || - || Correct || answer || ✔1. || elevated || left || ventricular || pressure.
- || increased || blood || flow || thru || the || pulmonary || circulation.
- || obliteration || or || obstruction || of || the || vascular || bed. ||
- || active || constriction || of || the || vascular || bed || produced || by || hypoxemia || or || acidosis. What || is || Cor || Pulmonale? what || causes || this? || - || Correct || answer || ✔right || ventricular || enlargement || caused || by || chronic || pulmonary || HTN. Cor || pulmonale || progressed || to: || - || Correct || answer || ✔right || ventricular || failure || if || the || pulmonary || HTN || is || not || reversed. Laryngeal || CA || occurs || primarily || in: represents || _____% || of || all || CA. || - || Correct || answer || ✔men. 2-3%. What || is || the || most || common || laryngeal || CA? || - || Correct || answer || ✔squamous || cell || carcinoma || of || the || true || vocal || cords.
