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Transcription Process and RNA Polymerases: Terms and Definitions, Quizzes of Pharmacology

Definitions for various terms related to the transcription process, including the roles of rna polymerases i, ii, and iii, the structure of mrna and trna, and the functions of promoters, enhancers, silencers, and other regulatory elements.

Typology: Quizzes

2013/2014

Uploaded on 11/08/2014

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TERM 1
What is Transcription?
DEFINITION 1
this synthesis of RNA
TERM 2
Template Strand
DEFINITION 2
Strand that is actually used by RNA polymerase during the
process of transcription
TERM 3
Coding Strand
DEFINITION 3
Complement and antiparallel to the template strand of the
DNA (nontemplate)
TERM 4
What strand is identical to mRNA (except it
doesn't contain U)
DEFINITION 4
Coding Strand
TERM 5
What is the promoter sequence
DEFINITION 5
controls the biding of RNA polymerase to template and
identifies the startpoint
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What is Transcription?

this synthesis of RNA

TERM 2

Template Strand

DEFINITION 2

Strand that is actually used by RNA polymerase during the

process of transcription

TERM 3

Coding Strand

DEFINITION 3

Complement and antiparallel to the template strand of the

DNA (nontemplate)

TERM 4

What strand is identical to mRNA (except it

doesn't contain U)

DEFINITION 4

Coding Strand

TERM 5

What is the promoter sequence

DEFINITION 5

controls the biding of RNA polymerase to template and

identifies the startpoint

Where is the starting point of transcription

found?

in the TATA box

TERM 7

What is another name for primary transcript

and what is it?

DEFINITION 7

the first RNA form produced is heterogenous nuclear RNA

(hnRNA)

TERM 8

What are upstream transcription initiation

sites?

DEFINITION 8

Sequences to the left of the start site

TERM 9

What are downstream transcription initiation

sites

DEFINITION 9

sequences to the right of the start site

TERM 10

What stimulates

transcription?

DEFINITION 10

Activators

What are trans-acting factors?

proteins that bind to the cis-acting sequences to control gene

expression

TERM 17

What are enhancer elements?

DEFINITION 17

Short region of DNA that can be bound with transcription

factors to enhance transcription (usually cis-acting)

TERM 18

What are silencer elements?

DEFINITION 18

Short DNA sequence capable of binding traciption regulation

factors (repressors) to prevent RNA polymerase to bind and

initiation transcription

TERM 19

What positions the rna polymerase at the

start site?

DEFINITION 19

Basal Factors

TERM 20

Does prokaryotic polymerase proofread?

DEFINITION 20

No

In prokaryotes what releases RNA from the

transcription bubble?

A hairpin loops acts as the chain termination signal

TERM 22

What type of polymerase is mRNA + micro

RNA (miRNA)?

DEFINITION 22

RNA polymerase II

TERM 23

What type of polymerase is rRNA?

DEFINITION 23

RNA polymerase I

TERM 24

what type of polymerase is tRNA + other

small RNAs?

DEFINITION 24

RNA polymerase III

TERM 25

How many types of RNA polymerases are in

eukaryotes(humans)

DEFINITION 25

Do exons or introns contribute to the amino

acid sequence?

Exons

TERM 32

What nucleotides indicate the 5' portion of an

intron?

DEFINITION 32

GU

TERM 33

What nucleotides indicate the 3' nucleotide of

an intron?

DEFINITION 33

AG

TERM 34

What splices out introns?

DEFINITION 34

Snrnps or the splicosome complex which binds to an Adenine

within the intron

TERM 35

What cleaves the 5' end of the tRNA?

DEFINITION 35

RNAse P

in tRNA synthesis what removes

introns?

endonucleases

TERM 37

What 3 nucleotides are added to the tRNA

before it is mature and can leave the nucleus?

DEFINITION 37

CCA

TERM 38

In HIV infections what stimulates transcription

of viral DNA?

DEFINITION 38

TAT

TERM 39

In HIV infections what causes unspliced viral

transcripts to leave the nucleus

DEFINITION 39

REV

TERM 40

What are the envelop proteins of HIV

DEFINITION 40

gp41 and gp