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Understanding the Basics of Translation: Terms and Definitions, Quizzes of Pharmacology

Definitions and terms related to the process of translation in biology, including the role of trna, codons, anticodons, point mutations, aminoacyl synthetases, and the phases of translation. It also covers various types of mutations and their associated diseases.

Typology: Quizzes

2013/2014

Uploaded on 11/12/2014

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TERM 1
What is the unusual base that is associated
with tRNA
DEFINITION 1
Hypoxanthine (I)
TERM 2
Wobble occurs between the ______ &
______
DEFINITION 2
Codon on mRNA & the Anticodon on tRNA
TERM 3
What sets the reading frame for
translation?
DEFINITION 3
The start Codon
TERM 4
Point Mutation
DEFINITION 4
A single base change
TERM 5
Silent mutation
DEFINITION 5
A change that specifies the same amino acid
pf3
pf4
pf5
pf8
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pfa

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What is the unusual base that is associated

with tRNA

Hypoxanthine (I)

TERM 2

Wobble occurs between the ______ &

______

DEFINITION 2

Codon on mRNA & the Anticodon on tRNA

TERM 3

What sets the reading frame for

translation?

DEFINITION 3

The start Codon

TERM 4

Point Mutation

DEFINITION 4

A single base change

TERM 5

Silent mutation

DEFINITION 5

A change that specifies the same amino acid

Missense mutation

A change that specifies a different amino acid

TERM 7

Nonsense Mutation

DEFINITION 7

Change that produces a stop codon

TERM 8

Insertion

DEFINITION 8

An addition of one or more bases

TERM 9

Deletion mutation

DEFINITION 9

A deletion of one or more bases

TERM 10

Frame shift mutation

DEFINITION 10

insertion or deletion of nucleotides that are not in groups of 3

which causes a reading frame shift

Disease that forms from mutations involving

large Segment deletions

loss of function seen in-thalassemia

TERM 17

Mutations in splice sites give rise to what 3

diseases

DEFINITION 17

-thalassemia,Tay-Sachs diseaseGaucher disease

TERM 18

2 disease states that form as a result of

triplet repeat expansion mutations IN CODING

REGIONS

DEFINITION 18

-Huntington disease-spinobulbar muscular atrophy

TERM 19

2 disease states that form from triplet repeat

expansions in NON-CODING regions

DEFINITION 19

Fragile X syndromemyotonic dystrophy

TERM 20

What activates amino acids?

DEFINITION 20

aminoacyl synthetase

How many aminoacyl synthetases are there?

20 aminoacylsynthetases for the 20 amino acids

TERM 22

What is the name for a charged

tRNA?

DEFINITION 22

Aminoacyl-tRNA

TERM 23

What type of bond links the activated amino

acid to the tRNA?

DEFINITION 23

an ester bond formed at the 3' end of the tRNA

TERM 24

What are the 3 phases of Translation?

DEFINITION 24

1.) initiation2.) Elongation3.) Termination

TERM 25

What is the rate limiting step in

Translation

DEFINITION 25

Step 1: Initiationwhere the small and large ribosomal subunit

binds to RNA

during initation syhtesis the 5' cap binds with

the EIF4 via ______

Hydrolysis

TERM 32

What does are the names of the APE sites of

initiation

DEFINITION 32

A: AminoacylP: PeptidylE: Exit

TERM 33

Formation of the FIRST peptide bond occurs in

which site

DEFINITION 33

The A site

TERM 34

After the first peptide bond is formed where

do subsequent peptide bonds occur?

DEFINITION 34

The P site

TERM 35

Which tRNA contains the growing polypeptide

chain?

DEFINITION 35

The Peptidyl-tRNA

What is the function/role of

Peptidyltransferase?

It catalyzes the formation of the peptide bond

TERM 37

What site does the charged tRNA

occupy?

DEFINITION 37

The A Site

TERM 38

which of the following has GTPase activity?

eEF1A or eEF1B

DEFINITION 38

eEF1A

TERM 39

Which of the following is a guanine nucleotide

exchange factor? eEF1A or eEF1B

DEFINITION 39

eEF1B

TERM 40

What accelerates the subtition of GDP to GTP

on the eEF1A?

DEFINITION 40

eEF1B

What is the first amino acid during during

initiation in prokaryotes?

Formyl-methionine added to N-formyl-Methionyl-tRNA

TERM 47

What are initiation factors of Eukaryotes?

DEFINITION 47

12+ EIFs

TERM 48

What are initiation factors of prokaryotes?

DEFINITION 48

3 IFs

TERM 49

What ribosome is present in

eukaryotes?

DEFINITION 49

80smade of 40s & 60s subunits

TERM 50

What ribosome is present in

prokaryotes?

DEFINITION 50

70smade of 30s and 50s subunits