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BIOD 101 Exam Module 1: Biology Fundamentals Test Questions & Answers, Exams of Nutrition

Bergen Community CollegeNutrition

A comprehensive set of test questions and answers covering fundamental concepts in biology, including the characteristics of life, cell theory, metabolism, the scientific method, and the structure and function of macromolecules. It is designed to help students prepare for their biod 101 exam and gain a deeper understanding of key biological principles.

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 02/01/2025

Nursebrahim01
Nursebrahim01 šŸ‡ŗšŸ‡ø

485 documents

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bg1
1g/g8
BIOD 101 EXAM Module 1 Test Questions With
Reviewed Answers Latest 2025/2026 GRADED
A+ 100% COMPLETE
1. WhatgisgBiology?:gStudygofglife;gencompassesgeverything
-biomoleculargbiologygandgtechnologyghavegbroughtgaroundgagnewgeragforgbiology
2. WhatgaregthegmajorgcharacteristicsgofgLife?:g1)greproductiong(DNAg(deoxyribosegnu
cleicgacid);gdoubleghelixgshape;gstoresggeneticginfo)
2) cellulargrepsirationg(usedgtogcreatgenergy)g(metabolism;gneedgitgtogperformgbasicgfu
nctionsgofglife;gfoodg(carbs,gproteins,glipids/fats,gvitamins/minerals)
3) adaptation/evolveg(overglargegperiodsgofgtimesgtraitsgofgorganizations)gm
odified
4) growthgandgdevelopmentg(DNAglaysgoutgtheg"plan")
5) organizationg(verygspecific;gorganizationgofgorgans/structure)
6) cellsg(basicgbuildinggblocksgofglife;gneedgonlygonegtogbegconsideredgliving)
7) respondg(responsegtogstimulig(light,gtouch,gheat,getc.);gneedgingordergtogsurvive)
3. Whatgisgagcell?:g-gbasicgbuildinggblocksgofglife
- notgalwaysgapparent;gfirstgseengwithgagmicroscope
- cellsgweregdiscoveredgbygHookging1655
- firstgcellsgdiscoveredgweregfromgcork
- theorygwasn'tggenerallygacceptedgduegtogthegchallengegofgtryinggtogconvincegpeoplegofgt
hisgdrasticgchange
4. Whatgisgcellgtheory?:g-gproposedging1800's
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Partial preview of the text

Download BIOD 101 Exam Module 1: Biology Fundamentals Test Questions & Answers and more Exams Nutrition in PDF only on Docsity!

BIOD 101 EXAM Module 1 Test Questions With

Reviewed Answers Latest 2025/2026 GRADED

A+ 100% COMPLETE

  1. WhatgisgBiology?:g Studygofglife;gencompassesgeverything
  • biomoleculargbiologygandgtechnologyghavegbroughtgaroundgagnewgeragforgbiology
  1. WhatgaregthegmajorgcharacteristicsgofgLife?:g 1)greproductiong(DNAg(deoxyriboseg nu cleicgacid);gdoubleghelixgshape;gstoresggeneticginfo)
  1. cellulargrepsirationg(usedgtogcreatgenergy)g(metabolism;gneedgitgtogperformgbasicg fu nctionsgofglife;gfoodg(carbs,gproteins,glipids/fats,gvitamins/minerals)
  2. adaptation/evolveg(overglargegperiodsgofgtimesgtraitsgofgorganizations)g m odified
  3. growthgandgdevelopmentg(DNAglaysgoutgtheg"plan")
  4. organizationg(verygspecific;gorganizationgofgorgans/structure)
  5. cellsg(basicgbuildinggblocksgofglife;gneedgonlygonegtogbegconsideredgliving)
  6. respondg(responsegtogstimulig(light,gtouch,gheat,getc.);gneedgingordergtogsurvive)
  1. Whatgisgagcell?:g - gbasicgbuildinggblocksgofglife
  • notgalwaysgapparent;gfirstgseengwithgagmicroscope
  • cellsgweregdiscoveredgbygHookging 1655
  • firstgcellsgdiscoveredgweregfromgcork
  • theorygwasn'tggenerallygacceptedgduegtogthegchallengegofgtryinggtogconvincegpeopleg ofgt hisgdrasticgchange
  1. Whatgisgcellgtheory?:g - gproposedging1800's
  • lowestglevelgofgstructuregperfomsgallgchracteristicsgofglife
  • arisegfromgpreviouslygexistinggcells
  1. Whatgisgmetabolism?:g - genergygbreakdown;gneededgforgfood
  • glucosegisgtheg"best"
  • C6H12O6g(formulagforgglucose)
  • breaksg(catabolicgreaction)gdowngtogcarbongdioxidegandgwaterg[gCO2g+gH2O]
  1. Differencegbetweenganabolicgandgcatabolicgreactions?:g - ganabolic- gbuildinggupg ofgmolcules,getc.
  • ie:ganabolicgsteroidsg(buildgupgmuscle)
  • catabolic-gbreakinggdowngofgmolecules
  1. BeangBeetlegLab:g - glearnghowgtogdeterminegifgalivegorgdead
  • ifgalive,gbeetlesgshouldgbeggivinggoffgcarbongdioxide
  • ifgdead,gbeangbeetlesgmaygbeggivinggoffgCO2gbutgonlyg be causegthegdecompositiongprocess
  • CO2gmeasuredgingppm
  • calculategamountgpergbeangbeetleg xg(ppm)/gnumbergofgbbg=gppm/bbg eve ryg 15 gminsg=g[xg/g#gofgbb]g/g 15 g everyg 1 gh ourg=g[x/g#ofgbb]gxg 4
  • basicg(OH-gions)g7/8- 14
  • mostgofgwhatgwegeatgorgdrinkgisgacidic;ghouseholdgcleaners,getc.garegmostglikelygbasic
  • plantsgtendgtogusegbasicgcompundsgasgagmeansgofgdefensegagainstgpredators
  1. WhogisgFrancescogRedi?:g - gconductedgfirstg"controlled"gexperiment
  • testedgwhetherglifegcouldgarisegspontaneously
  • livinggthingsgvs.gbiogenesisg(camegfromglife)
  • tookg 4 gdifferentganimalsgandgusedgagcontrolggroupg(coveredgitgfromgflies)
  • findingsgweregnotgacceptedgatgfirst;gideagofgspontaneousglifegdidgnotggogawayguntilg Pas teur
  1. Microscopes:g - gwindowsgtogthegworldgofgcells
  • types:gcompoundg(light),gelectrong(scanninggandgtransition)
  • partsgofgagmicroscope
  1. eyepieceg(whatgyouglookgthrough)
  2. ocularglensg(gtubegthatgaddsg 10 gxgthegmagnification)
  1. objectiveglensg(grevolvinggnoisegpiece:g4x,g10x,g40x)
  • magnificationgisgactually:g40x,g100x,g 400 gx
  1. stageg(holdsgthegspeciman,gmovesgup/down/left/right)
  2. slidegclipg(holdsgthegslidegingplace)
  3. condensorg(allowsglightgtogpassgthrough;gcangadjust)
  4. lightgsource
  5. finegknobgadj.g(smallgknobgongside)
  6. coarsegknowgadj.g(biggknobgongside)
  • wetgmountgslide:ghowgtogslidegwatergontogagslidegforgagsample
  1. Magnificationgvs.gResolvinggPower:g - gmagnification:gratiogofgobjectgsizegtogrealg size
  • resolvinggpower:gmeasuregofgimagegclarity
  • inversegrelationship:
  • mag.gincreases,gresol.gdecreases
  • resolvegincreases,gmag.gdecreases
  1. SEMg(scanninggelectrongmicroscope):g - gresolvegsmallergstructure
  • focusesgbeamgofgelectronsgthroughgspecimangontogsurface
  • cangseeglargegmolecules
  1. TEMg(transitiongelectrongmicroscope):g - gstudyginternalgstructuregofgcells
  • electrongbeamsgthroughgthingsectiongofgspecimangstainedgwithgatomsgofgagheavyg me tal
  1. LightgMicroscope:g - gusesgmirrorsgandglights
  • mostgbasicgtypegofgmicroscope
  • magnifiesgeffectivelyg1,000x
  • cangseegorganellegstructuresgsurroundedgbygagcellgmembrane
  • cellgmembraneg(regulatesgwhatggoesgingandgout;gprotection/barrier;gstructure-gkeeps everythinggin)
  1. AnimalgCells:g - gplasmag(cellgmembrane)
  • nucleus
  • cytoplasm
  1. OrganismgtogMolecules:g organisms-gcells-gmolecules-atoms
  • moleculesgaregatomsgjoinedgtogethergbygsomegchemicalgbond
  1. Atoms:g - gfundamentalgbuildinggblocksgofglife
  • madegupgofgprotons,gelectrons,gneutrons
  • carbongisgmostgimportant
  • buildinggblockgofglife
  • 4 gelementsgmakegupgalmostgeverythingg(carbon,g o xygen,gnitrogen,ghydrogen)
  • covalentgbondg(single);gfourgmakegupgmostgcommong f ormgwithgcarbongandghydrogen
  • macromolecule:gbiologicalgmoleculesgthatgareglarge
  • madegupgofgC,gO,gH,gNgstrunggtogether
  • 4 gmacromoleculesgingourgbody:g(carbs,gproteins,glipids/gfats,gnucleicgacids)
  • "organic"-gtermgforgtypegofgchemicalgdealinggwithgcarbon
  1. Macromolecules:g - gmaygbegcomposedgofgthousandsgofgatoms
  • carbs,glipids,gproteins,gandgnucleicgacids
  • cannotgstoregprotein
  • onlygthreegformgpolymersg(chainlikegmoleculesglinkedgbygcovalentgbonds)
  • lipidsgdognotgformgpolymersg(itgisgmadegupgofgtwogunits-gfattygacidsgandgglycerol)
  • monomersg(repeatedgunitsgofgsmallgmolecules)g(buildgupgpolymers)
  1. Compounds:g - gconsistsgofg 2 gorgmoregmolecules
  • notgagpolymer
  • ie:gtablegsalt
  • "organic"gcompounds:gchemicallygbrokengdowngtogyieldgenergygforgmetabolism
  1. OrganicgCompunds:g - gcarbsg(polymer)
  • lipidsg(gnotgagpolymer)
  • proteinsg(polymer)g(cannotgstore)
  • nucleicgacidg(polymer)g(cannotgeat)
  1. WhatgisgHydroloysis?:g - gcovalentgbondsgingagmonomergingagpolymergaregdisas- g sembledgbygwater
  • breaksgapartgbygaddinggwater
  • catabolicgreaction
  • usuallyghappensgingthegdigestivegsystem

10

  • tendsgtogbegsweetest
  1. Lactose:g - gformedgbygjoininggglucosegandggalactose
  • onegreasongforgbeingglactosegintolerant
  1. LabgTimegwithgSugar:g - gdeterminedgwhichgsugargdissolvedgingwatergwasgsweet-g est
  • watergwasgthegcontrol
  1. Polysaccrhride:g - gbiggstringgofgsugargmonomers
  • functionsgasgenegerygstorageg(hydrolyzedgasgneeded)
  • buildinggmaterialgforgcellsg"kickgstart"
  1. Starch:g - whatgplantgstoresgingcellgwallsgandgothergorganelles
  • whengwegeatgplantsgwegaregbreakinggdowngthegstarchgtogmakegenergy
  • togtestgforgstarchgusegIodine
  1. LabgtimegwithgStarch:g - gindicatorgsolution:giodine
  • positivegtest:gcolorgchange

11

  • negativegtest:gnogcolorgchange
  • testedgfiltergpaper,gnoteboookgpaper,gcracker
  • aggoodgqualitativegandgquantitativegtest
  1. LabgtimegwithgSugars:g - gindicatorgsolution:gbenedictsgsolutiong(detectsgsimpleg sugargonly)
  • positivegtest:gchangesgcolorgfromgbluegtogorange
  • shouldgtestgforgglucosegandgfructose
  • notgtestgforgsucrosegorgwater
  • goodgqualitativegandgquantitativegtest
  1. Lipids/gFats:g - ginsolublegingwater
  • majorgtypes:g(animal-gsolidgatgroomgtemp.;gplant-gliquidgatgroomgtemp.)
  • fatsgassembledgfromgsmallergmoleculesgbygdehydration
  • consistsglargelygofgmolculargtrigylcerides
  • tri.g(three)-gglycerolg(achohol)
  • eachgfattygacidgreleasesg 3 gwaters
  • fatgisggoodgforginsulation,gprotection,gandgenergygstorage
  1. LabgtimegwithgLipids:g - gindicatorgsolution:gSudangIIIgdye
  • stainsgCH2ggroupsgofglipids
  • positivegtest:gstainsgred/darkgredgcolor
  • goodgqualitativegtest
  • notgagveryggoodgquantitativegtestgbutgstillgis
  1. Phospholipids:g - gmajorgcomponentgtogthegcellgmembraneg(phospholipidgbilayer)
  • helpsgkeepgcellsgtogether,gregulatesgwhatggoesgingandgout
  • hydrophilicgheads:glovegwater;gwillgdissolvegingwater;goutisdegingcontactgwithgaqueousg sol ution

13

  • sideggroupgdefinesgaminogacid
  • structure:gsimpleghydrogengatomg(gylcine)gtogcomplexgcarbongskeletongwithgattachedg si deggroup
  • joing 2 gaminogacidsgwithgagdehydrationgprocess
  • formg 2 gaminogacidsg(peptidegbond)
  • formg 3 gaminogacidsg(tripeptidegbond)
  • formgmanygamniogacidsg(polypeptidegbond)
  • breakgapartgaminogacidsgwithghydrolysis
  • 10 gaminogacidsgnaturally,gotherg 10 gcomegfromgfood/proteins
  1. LabgTimegwithgAminogAcids:g - gindicatorgsolution:gninhydringtest
  • willgonlygtestgforgaminogacids,gnotgproteins,gsugars,gwater,getc.
  • prolenegisgthegonlygaminogacidgthatgturnsgyellow
  • goodgqualitativegtest,gnotgaggoodgquantitativegtest
  1. TypesgofgProteins:g - genzymesg(catalyticgproteins):gregulatesgmovementgofgmol- g eculesgthroughgmetabolicgpathways
  • notgconsumedgbygthegreactiong(asglonggasgyoughavegagsubstrate)
  • structuralgproteinsg(verygcomplexgstructure)
  1. hemoglobin:gcarriesgallgthegoxygengthroughoutgthegbody;gcomposedgofg 4 gproteins;g he meggroupg-wheregoxygengcombines;ggivesgredgbloodgcellsgcolor
  2. collagen:gmakesgupg1/3gofgallgbodygpartsg(humans)gie:gskin,gligaments,gtendons,g etc .
  3. keratin:gfromsgprotectivegcoveringgofglandgvertebratesg(ieghair,gnails,gclaws,getc.);g als ogingourgdeadgskingcellsg(helpsgkeepgmosituregin)
  1. StructuregofgProteins:g - gverygcomplexgstructure
  • differentgordergofgstructuregbasedgongaghierarchy

14

  1. primarygstructure:gjustgaminogacidsgconnectedgingonegstrandg(likegagribbon)
  2. secondarygstructure:gfolding/gcoiling;gstrengthnsgagwholeglotg(iegspidergsilk)
  3. tertiarygstructure:gtakinggsecondaryg"coil"gandgfoldinggallgovergthegplace
  4. quaternarygstructure:gonlyg 1 gproteingwithgmoregthangonegchaingofgaminogacidsg(ieg he moglobin)
  1. LabgTimegwithgProteins:g - gindicatorgsolution:gbiuretgreagent
  • stainsgpeptidegbond
  • positivegtest:gbluegtogagdarkergpurple
  • goodgqualitativegtest
  • protein:gBSA
  1. GraphindgDatagandgStandardgCurves:g - gindependentgandgdependentgvariables
  • standardgcurve
  1. havegtogknowgconcentrationgtogplotgagainstgunknowngsubstance
  2. readgabsorbenceg(howgmuchglightgagsubstancegcangabsorb)