Download BIOD 151 Module 3 Exam Answer Key: Digestive System and Metabolism and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!
BIOD 151 / BIOD 151 MODULE 3 EXAM ANSWER KEY
(PORTAGE LEARNING)
"what is the purpose of the hormone leptin - CORRECT ANSWER decrease hunger, increase satiety"
"Which of the following statements is true concerning glycolysis?
- Pyruvic acid are broken down into glucose.
- Two ATP molecules are formed in first breakdown of glucose.
- Glucose is broken down into three pyruvate molecules.
- Glucose is broken down into two sucrose molecules. - CORRECT ANSWER Two ATP molecules are formed in first breakdown of glucose" "Match the structure with the best description: Dentin: a. Upper portion of gums b. Outermost layer c. Bone-like substance d. Hard connective tissue
e. Contains longitudinal muscle - CORRECT ANSWER c. Bone-like substance"
"Explain in detail how the stomach contents enter the small intestine - CORRECT ANSWER The pyloric
sphincter (valve), located at the base of the stomach, relaxes causing a small quantity of chyme to pass through the opening into the first part of the small intestine. This initiates a reflex that causes the muscles of the sphincter to contract and close the opening temporarily. Then the sphincter relaxes again and allows more chyme to enter." "Be able to label the following: Stomach Gallbladder Jejunum (not small intestine) Appendix (not large intestine)
Rectum (not large intestine - CORRECT ANSWER "
"Explain which digestive system functions are carried out by the large intestine. - CORRECT ANSWER
Absorption: In the large intestine water and electrolytes are reabsorbed and vitamins are absorbed. Defecation: Feces travel to the rectum where it is excreted via the anus."
"Describe parietal cells and chief cells: name their location, secretions and purposes. - CORRECT
ANSWER The parietal cells (located in the wall of the stomach body) secrete hydrochloric
acid, generating a pH of 1.3-3.5. This very acidic pH kills many of the bacteria ingested along with food. In addition, the low pH stops the activity of salivary amylase. The secretion of hydrochloric acid is essential in the activation of pepsin. Chief cells: secrete pepsinogen. Pepsinogen (a pre-enzyme) is secreted by the chief cells in the stomach. Hydrochloric acid converts the inactive pepsinogen (secreted by the chief cells) into the active enzyme pepsin which begins the breakdown of proteins" "Match the digestive organ with the one substance it produces: Large intestine stomach small intestine Vitamine K Secretin Trypsin Salivary amylase
Pepsinogen - CORRECT ANSWER Large intestine = vitamin K
stomach = pepsinogen small intestine = secretin" "Which of the following statements is false? A. Taste buds are located on the surface of the mouth and the wall of the pharynx. B. The ileocecal valve controls the entrance of chyme into to the small intestine. C. The gall bladder, teeth, and tongue are considered accessory organs to the digestive system.
D. The alimentary canal is a continuous muscular tube, open at both ends - CORRECT ANSWER B. The
ileocecal valve controls the entrance of chyme into to the small intestine. (It controls the entrance to the large intestine)" "True/False: Lipids can be divided into three categories: saturated fat, unsaturated fat,
and cholesterol. - CORRECT ANSWER True"
"True/False: Anabolism combines smaller molecules to make larger molecules - CORRECT ANSWER
True"
e. Secretes Vitamin K - CORRECT ANSWER d. Pancreas secretions enter here via Hepatopancreatic
ampulla" "Match the structure with the best description Muscularis externa (layer of tissue): a. Made of two layers of muscle b. Innermost layer c. Secretes mucous d. Contains blood and lymph vessels
e. Begins in the mouth - CORRECT ANSWER a. Made of two layers of muscle"
"Match the structure with the best description Common Bile Duct: a. Contains secretions from the pancreas b. Joins with the pancreatic duct c. Enters the jejunum d. Contains secretions from the salivary glands
e. Contains lymph vessels and nerves - CORRECT ANSWER b. Joins with the pancreatic duct"
“Explain why someone who has hypergastrinemia (excessive secretion of gastrin) might develop
gastric/stomach ulcers. - CORRECT ANSWER Gastrin stimulates the secretions of pepsinogens and
hydrochloric acid. Excess amounts would lead to erosion of the stomach lining." "A patient is experiencing vitamin toxicity. What type of vitamin would be causing this toxicity? Explain your answer. A. Water soluble vitamin B. Fat soluble vitamin
C. All of the above - CORRECT ANSWER Fat soluble vitamins are stored within the body's fat stores
making it harder for the body to rid itself of them." "Which of the following statements is false concerning the second stage of glucose breakdown? a. This second stage is also known as the TCA cycle. b. Pyruvic acid is converted to carbon dioxide. c. Additional ATP is formed.
d. This is also known as the electron transport system - CORRECT ANSWER d. This is also known as the
electron transport system" "Which of the following statements is false concerning the Electron Transport System?
a. Anaerobic respiration is more efficient than aerobic respiration. b. Approximately a total of 34 ATP are formed. c. Protons are pumped out of the inner mitochondrial membrane.
d. The proton motive force forms ATP molecules - CORRECT ANSWER a. Anaerobic respiration is more
efficient than aerobic respiration."
