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A comprehensive set of multiple-choice questions and answers covering key concepts related to the digestive system and metabolism in biod 151. It includes questions on the structure and function of various digestive organs, the process of digestion, the role of enzymes, and metabolic pathways like glycolysis and the electron transport system. A valuable resource for students preparing for exams or seeking to reinforce their understanding of these topics.
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"Which of the following statements is true concerning glycolysis?
sphincter (valve), located at the base of the stomach, relaxes causing a small quantity of chyme to pass through the opening into the first part of the small intestine. This initiates a reflex that causes the muscles of the sphincter to contract and close the opening temporarily. Then the sphincter relaxes again and allows more chyme to enter." "Be able to label the following: Stomach Gallbladder Jejunum (not small intestine) Appendix (not large intestine)
Absorption: In the large intestine water and electrolytes are reabsorbed and vitamins are absorbed. Defecation: Feces travel to the rectum where it is excreted via the anus."
acid, generating a pH of 1.3-3.5. This very acidic pH kills many of the bacteria ingested along with food. In addition, the low pH stops the activity of salivary amylase. The secretion of hydrochloric acid is essential in the activation of pepsin. Chief cells: secrete pepsinogen. Pepsinogen (a pre-enzyme) is secreted by the chief cells in the stomach. Hydrochloric acid converts the inactive pepsinogen (secreted by the chief cells) into the active enzyme pepsin which begins the breakdown of proteins" "Match the digestive organ with the one substance it produces: Large intestine stomach small intestine Vitamine K Secretin Trypsin Salivary amylase
stomach = pepsinogen small intestine = secretin" "Which of the following statements is false? A. Taste buds are located on the surface of the mouth and the wall of the pharynx. B. The ileocecal valve controls the entrance of chyme into to the small intestine. C. The gall bladder, teeth, and tongue are considered accessory organs to the digestive system.
ileocecal valve controls the entrance of chyme into to the small intestine. (It controls the entrance to the large intestine)" "True/False: Lipids can be divided into three categories: saturated fat, unsaturated fat,
True"
ampulla" "Match the structure with the best description Muscularis externa (layer of tissue): a. Made of two layers of muscle b. Innermost layer c. Secretes mucous d. Contains blood and lymph vessels
"Match the structure with the best description Common Bile Duct: a. Contains secretions from the pancreas b. Joins with the pancreatic duct c. Enters the jejunum d. Contains secretions from the salivary glands
“Explain why someone who has hypergastrinemia (excessive secretion of gastrin) might develop
hydrochloric acid. Excess amounts would lead to erosion of the stomach lining." "A patient is experiencing vitamin toxicity. What type of vitamin would be causing this toxicity? Explain your answer. A. Water soluble vitamin B. Fat soluble vitamin
making it harder for the body to rid itself of them." "Which of the following statements is false concerning the second stage of glucose breakdown? a. This second stage is also known as the TCA cycle. b. Pyruvic acid is converted to carbon dioxide. c. Additional ATP is formed.
electron transport system" "Which of the following statements is false concerning the Electron Transport System?
a. Anaerobic respiration is more efficient than aerobic respiration. b. Approximately a total of 34 ATP are formed. c. Protons are pumped out of the inner mitochondrial membrane.
efficient than aerobic respiration."