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BIOL 1201 Exam 1 - Chapters 1-5: Questions & Answers, Exams of Biology

University of Mississippi Medical CenterBiology

A set of questions and answers covering key concepts from chapters 1-5 of biol 1201. It covers fundamental principles of biology, including the characteristics of life, levels of biological organization, atomic structure, chemical bonding, and the properties of water. Useful for students studying introductory biology, providing a concise review of essential concepts.

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 01/10/2025

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BIOL 1201 Exam 1 - Chapters 1-5
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 100%
CORRECT!!
1. Order
2. Evolutionary adaptation
3. Regulation
4. Energy processing
5. Growth & development
6. Response to the environment
7. Reproduction - ANSWERWhat are the 7 characteristics of life?
** If a system is missing one of these, it is not considered living! **
first shell - 2
second shell - 8
third shell - 8 - ANSWERHow many electrons does it take to fill the first electron
shell? The second? Third?
the sum of its parts - ANSWERAs you move to higher levels of biological
organization, each new level is more than just...?
fossils
metabolic
diagnosing - ANSWERDating ___________, tracing atoms through
_________________ processes, and ________________ medical disorders are all
applications of radioactive isotopes.
in an atom's outermost electron shell - ANSWERWhere are valence electrons found?
inert - ANSWERElements that have a full valence shell are chemically
______________. (ex: Ne)
emergent property - ANSWERproperties that would not have been predictable from
merely observing an object/system
reductionism - ANSWERreduction of a complex system to simpler components
which are more manageable for studying
ex) studying DNA helps us to understand inheritance
valence shell - ANSWERan atom's outermost electron shell
ecosystems
communities
organism
pf3
pf4
pf5

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BIOL 1201 Exam 1 - Chapters 1-

QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 100%

CORRECT!!

  1. Order
  2. Evolutionary adaptation
  3. Regulation
  4. Energy processing
  5. Growth & development
  6. Response to the environment
  7. Reproduction - ANSWERWhat are the 7 characteristics of life? ** If a system is missing one of these, it is not considered living! ** first shell - 2 second shell - 8 third shell - 8 - ANSWERHow many electrons does it take to fill the first electron shell? The second? Third? the sum of its parts - ANSWERAs you move to higher levels of biological organization, each new level is more than just...? fossils metabolic diagnosing - ANSWERDating ___________, tracing atoms through _________________ processes, and ________________ medical disorders are all applications of radioactive isotopes. in an atom's outermost electron shell - ANSWERWhere are valence electrons found? inert - ANSWERElements that have a full valence shell are chemically ______________. (ex: Ne) emergent property - ANSWERproperties that would not have been predictable from merely observing an object/system reductionism - ANSWERreduction of a complex system to simpler components which are more manageable for studying ex) studying DNA helps us to understand inheritance valence shell - ANSWERan atom's outermost electron shell ecosystems communities organism

tissues organelles - ANSWERLevels of biological organization, from smallest to largest: biosphere > __________________ > _____________________ > populations > _________________ > organs > _______________ > cells > __________________

molecules covalent bonds valence - ANSWER____________________ __________ are formed to "compensate" for non-full ____________ shells Oxygen Carbon Hydrogen Nitrogen - ANSWERWhat are the 4 most common elements in biology? Calcium Phosphorus Potassium Sulfur Sodium Chlorine Magnesium - ANSWERWhat are a few common elements in biology (outside of the main 4)? protons - ANSWERAll atoms of an element have the same number of _______________. isotopes - ANSWERatoms of the same element that differ in their number of neutrons (and thus also their mass) Carbon- Carbon- Carbon-14 - ANSWERWhat are the 3 common isotopes of carbon? radioactive isotopes - ANSWERisotopes that decay spontaneously, giving off particles and energy The reacting elements' valence shells share electrons so that each can have a full valence shell - ANSWERWhat happens during a covalent bond? solid lines - ANSWERHow are covalent bonds depicted? nonpolar covalent bond - ANSWERbond in which atoms share electrons equally (due to the bonding elements having approximately equal electronegativity) polar covalent bond - ANSWERunequal sharing of electrons in a bond (due to unequal electronegativity) polar

Reversible - ANSWERAll chemical reactions are __________________. chemical equilibrium - ANSWERthe state when the rate of a forward-proceeding chemical reaction is equal to the rate of its corresponding reverse-proceeding chemical reaction equilibrium - ANSWERwhen the concentration of reactants and the concentration of products of a reaction remain constant neutral - ANSWERCarbon's electronegativity is approximately ____________. Mars - ANSWERWhich planet in our solar system has been found to have water?

  1. Cohesive and adhesive behavior
  2. Ability to moderate temperature
  3. Expansion upon freezing
  4. Versatility as a solvent - ANSWERWhat are the 4 emergent properties of water? cohesion - ANSWERhydrogen bonds collectively holding together molecules of the same type acceptor - ANSWERWhen ammonia (NH3) forms hydrogen bonds, Nitrogen serves as the ____________. 2 bonds (can accept 2 electrons from other elements to fill its valence shell) - ANSWERIf Oxygen has 6 electrons in its valence shell, how many bonds can it make?
    • ANSWERWhat happens during a covalent bond? biological solvent - ANSWERa substance which organisms require more than any other substance water - ANSWERthe molecule that supports all life astrobiology - ANSWERthe search for life on other planets "follow the water" - ANSWERWhat is NASA Astrobiology's catchphrase? adhesion - ANSWERattraction between different substances, such as water to a plant cell wall surface tension - ANSWERmeasure of how hard it is to break the surface of a liquid cohesive - ANSWERSurface tension is possible due to the __________________ property with water absorb

release temperature - ANSWERWater can ____________ or ____________ large amounts of heat with only a slight change to its own ____________________. heat - ANSWERmeasure of energy (units: calories and joules) temperature - ANSWERmeasure of the average intensity of heat (units: °F, °C, K) calorie - ANSWERthe amount of heat required to increase the temperature of a gram of water by 1°C solute - ANSWERthe substance being dissolved in a solution aqueous solution - ANSWERa solution in which water is the solvent colloid - ANSWERstable suspension of fine particles in a liquid hydration shell - ANSWERWhen an ionic compound dissolves in water, each ion is surrounded by a _______________ ________. kilocalories - ANSWER"Food calories" are actually _____________________, of which each equates to 1000 calories. joule - ANSWERunit of energy where 1 cal = 4.184 __ one gram (g) one cubic centimeter (cc) one milliliter (mL) - ANSWERWhat 3 quantities of water are equivalent? heat of vaporization - ANSWERthe heat a liquid must reach to be converted into a gas evaporative cooling - ANSWERoccurs as a liquid evaporates, when its remaining surface cools it helps stabilize temperatures in the bodies of organisms and in bodies of water - ANSWERHow does evaporative cooling of water impact biological systems? more It causes ice to float, which allows for large bodies of water to freeze from the top down and not from the bottom up. This preserves the lives of the organisms living in the body of water during freezing temperatures; if not for this property, lakes would freeze from the bottom up and kill all organisms inside. - ANSWERSolid water (ice) is _______ dense than liquid water. How does this impact biological systems?

H+ (hydrogen ions) lower, higher - ANSWERWhen a substance has a lower pH, it has a higher concentration of ______. When a substance has a higher pH, is has a ____________ concentration of H+ and a ____________ concentration of OH-. 6.022 x 10^ represents the number of objects in one mole - ANSWERWhat is Avogadro's number? What does it represent? the internal pH of most living cells must remain close to neutral (7), so any large fluctuations in pH would disturb this - ANSWERWhy do we need buffers? buffer - ANSWERsubstance that minimizes the change in concentration of H+ and OH- in solution molarity (M) - ANSWERthe number of moles of solute per liters of solution

  • ANSWERWhat is Avogadro's number? What does it represent?