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BIOL-L112 5 Exam 5 3 5 with 5 precise 5
detailed 5 answers
What 5 is 5 the 5 definition 5 of 5 an 5 enzyme? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔macromolecule 5 that 5 acts 5 as 5 a 5 catalyst, 5 which 5 speeds 5 up 5 reactions 5 without 5 being 5 consumed 5 by 5 the 5 reaction What 5 is 5 the 5 activation 5 energy 5 of 5 a 5 reaction? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔amount 5 of 5 energy 5 that 5 reactants 5 must 5 absorb 5 before 5 a 5 chemical 5 reaction 5 will 5 start how 5 does 5 an 5 enzyme 5 alter 5 the 5 activation 5 energy 5 of 5 a 5 reaction? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔decreases 5 the 5 Ea do 5 enzymes 5 affect 5 the 5 Delta 5 G 5 of 5 a 5 metabolic 5 reaction? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔no what 5 are 5 substrates? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔substrates 5 are 5 the 5 reactants 5 that 5 enzymes 5 act 5 on what 5 part 5 of 5 an 5 enzyme 5 binds 5 its 5 substrate? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔active 5 site what 5 types 5 of 5 bonds 5 help 5 hold 5 the 5 substrate 5 to 5 the 5 enzyme? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔weak 5 bonds 5 such 5 as 5 hydrogen, 5 ionic, 5 and 5 hydrophobic 5 interactions
what 5 is 5 induced 5 fit 5 and 5 how 5 does 5 it 5 alter 5 the 5 catalytic 5 activity 5 of 5 an 5 enzyme? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔When 5 the 5 substrate 5 forms 5 weak 5 bonds 5 with 5 R 5 groups 5 of 5 AAs 5 in 5 the 5 active 5 site, 5 a 5 slight 5 change 5 in 5 the 5 conformation 5 of 5 the 5 enzyme 5 will 5 occur 5 allowing 5 the 5 substrate 5 to 5 bind 5 more 5 tightly 5 to 5 the 5 active 5 site. 5 The 5 interactions 5 between 5 the 5 substrate 5 the 5 key 5 AAs 5 in 5 the 5 active 5 site 5 will 5 increase 5 the 5 catalytic 5 ability 5 of 5 the 5 enzyme. why 5 are 5 concentrations 5 of 5 enzymes 5 within 5 cells 5 usually 5 quite 5 low? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔The 5 concentration 5 of 5 enzymes 5 is 5 low 5 in 5 cells 5 because 5 an 5 enzyme 5 can 5 be 5 used 5 over 5 and 5 over 5 again 5 to 5 catalyze 5 a 5 specific 5 metabolic 5 reaction. 5 Once 5 the 5 products 5 are 5 formed, 5 they 5 leave 5 the 5 active 5 site 5 of 5 the 5 enzyme 5 and 5 new 5 reactants 5 can 5 bind 5 to 5 the 5 active 5 site. Give 5 two 5 examples 5 of 5 mechanisms 5 that 5 take 5 place 5 within 5 the 5 active 5 site 5 of 5 an 5 enzyme 5 that 5 function 5 to 5 lower 5 the 5 activation 5 energy 5 of 5 a 5 reaction? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔1. 5 active 5 site 5 provides 5 a 5 template 5 for 5 substrate 5 orientation 5 2. 5 active 5 site 5 can 5 participate 5 directly 5 in 5 catalytic 5 reaction 5 by 5 forming 5 a 5 brief 5 covalent 5 bond 5 with 5 substrate when 5 do 5 enzymes 5 become 5 saturated 5 in 5 a 5 metabolic 5 reaction? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔when 5 all 5 active 5 sites 5 are 5 filled 5 with 5 substrates if 5 you 5 added 5 more 5 reactants, 5 would 5 the 5 reaction 5 rate 5 increase 5 when 5 an 5 enzyme 5 is 5 saturated? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔once 5 an 5 enzyme 5 is 5 saturated, 5 the 5 only 5 way 5 to 5 increase 5 the 5 reaction 5 rate 5 is 5 to 5 increase 5 the 5 amount 5 of 5 enzyme.
what 5 types 5 of 5 molecules 5 are 5 used 5 within 5 the 5 body 5 to 5 generate 5 energy? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔monosaccharides, 5 fatty 5 acids, 5 glycerol, 5 and 5 amino 5 acids. 5 oxidized 5 to 5 generate 5 CO2 5 and 5 water why 5 does 5 glucose 5 have 5 more 5 potential 5 energy 5 than 5 CO2? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔Glucose 5 has 5 more 5 chemical 5 bonds 5 that 5 can 5 be 5 rearranged 5 through 5 chemical 5 reactions. 5 The 5 rearrangement 5 of 5 some 5 of 5 these 5 bonds 5 releases 5 energy 5 - 5 thus 5 the 5 bonds 5 in 5 glucose 5 contain 5 much 5 more 5 potential 5 energy. 5 CO2 5 does 5 not 5 have 5 chemical 5 bonds 5 that 5 can 5 be 5 easily 5 rearranged 5 and 5 thus 5 it 5 has 5 very 5 little 5 potential 5 energy. is 5 the 5 oxidation 5 of 5 glucose 5 an 5 endergonic 5 or 5 exergonic 5 reaction? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔exergonic 5 because 5 the 5 change 5 in 5 free 5 energy 5 is 5 negative. How 5 is 5 the 5 energy 5 that 5 is 5 generated 5 through 5 the 5 oxidation 5 of 5 glucose 5 use 5 in 5 the 5 cell? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔About 5 34% 5 of 5 the 5 energy 5 is 5 used 5 to 5 generate 5 ATP. 5 The 5 rest 5 is 5 released 5 as 5 heat. 5 Heat 5 can 5 be 5 use 5 for 5 thermoregulation 5 or 5 dissipated 5 from 5 the 5 body 5 through 5 sweat. what 5 happens 5 when 5 electrons 5 are 5 relocated 5 between 5 molecules? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔energy 5 is 5 released what 5 are 5 oxidation-reduction 5 reactions? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔reactions 5 that 5 involve 5 the 5 partial 5 or 5 complete 5 transfer 5 of 5 one 5 or 5 more 5 electron 5 from 5 one 5 reactant 5 to 5 another
what 5 is 5 oxidation? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔pull 5 of 5 shared 5 electrons 5 away 5 from 5 one 5 atom what 5 is 5 reduction? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔pull 5 of 5 shared 5 electrons 5 towards 5 another 5 atom why 5 is 5 oxygen 5 such 5 a 5 powerful 5 oxidizing 5 agent? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔electronegative 5 and 5 will 5 readily 5 accept 5 electrons What 5 type 5 of 5 redox 5 reaction 5 releases 5 the 5 most 5 chemical 5 energy? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔Reactions 5 where 5 electrons 5 are 5 relocated 5 to 5 oxygen. what 5 is 5 NAD+ 5 and 5 what 5 enzymes 5 does 5 it 5 function 5 with? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔coenzyme 5 that 5 functions 5 as 5 an 5 electron 5 carrier 5 with 5 dehydrogenase Why 5 are 5 coenzymes 5 so 5 important 5 for 5 the 5 process 5 of 5 cellular 5 respiration? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔electrons 5 lose 5 very 5 little 5 potential 5 energy 5 when 5 they 5 are 5 transferred 5 to 5 NAD+. 5 During 5 oxidative 5 phosphorylation, 5 the 5 electrons 5 complete 5 their 5 "fall" 5 down 5 the 5 energy 5 gradient 5 from 5 NADH 5 to 5 oxygen. 5 The 5 energy 5 that 5 is 5 released 5 during 5 this 5 "fall" 5 is 5 used 5 to 5 generate 5 the 5 proton 5 motive 5 force 5 that 5 provides 5 the 5 energy 5 for 5 ATP 5 synthesis. how 5 do 5 electrons 5 stored 5 in 5 NADH 5 finally 5 reach 5 oxygen? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔they 5 enter 5 electron 5 transport 5 chains 5 and 5 are 5 transferred 5 in 5 a 5 series 5 of 5 steps 5 from 5 a 5 less 5 electronegative 5 molecule 5 to 5 a 5 more 5 electronegative 5 molecule
where 5 are 5 the 5 electron 5 transport 5 chains 5 located 5 in 5 the 5 cell? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔in 5 the 5 cristae 5 of 5 the 5 inner 5 mitochondrial 5 membrane What 5 molecule 5 is 5 the 5 terminal 5 electron 5 acceptor 5 within 5 the 5 mitochondrial 5 matrix? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔1/2 5 O The 5 exergonic 5 flow 5 of 5 electron 5 down 5 the 5 electron 5 transport 5 chain 5 provides 5 the 5 energy 5 to 5 pump 5 H+ 5 across 5 the 5 inner 5 mitochondrial 5 membrane 5 and 5 into 5 the 5 intermembrane 5 space. 5 Based 5 on 5 this 5 information 5 would 5 you 5 expect 5 the 5 pH 5 of 5 the 5 intermembrane 5 space 5 to 5 be 5 higher 5 or 5 lower 5 than 5 the 5 pH 5 of 5 the 5 mitochondrial 5 matrix? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔lower 5 because 5 there 5 would 5 be 5 more 5 H+ what 5 is 5 the 5 proton 5 motive 5 force? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔gradient 5 of 5 H+ 5 that 5 exists 5 across 5 the 5 inner 5 mitochondrial 5 membrane what 5 enzyme 5 is 5 activated 5 by 5 the 5 flow 5 of 5 electrons 5 down 5 this 5 proton 5 motive 5 force? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔ATP 5 synthase when 5 oxygen 5 is 5 scarce 5 in 5 muscle 5 cells, 5 how 5 do 5 these 5 cells 5 continue 5 to 5 generate 5 energy? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔lactic 5 acid 5 fermentation when 5 pyruvate 5 is 5 converted 5 to 5 lactate, 5 which 5 produce 5 (lactate 5 or 5 NAD+) 5 is 5 reduced 5 and 5 which 5 is 5 oxidized? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔lactate 5 is 5 reduced 5 and 5 NAD+ 5 is 5 oxidized
what 5 key 5 enzyme 5 sets 5 the 5 pace 5 of 5 glycolysis 5 and 5 the 5 citric 5 acid 5 cycle? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔phosphofructokinase describe 5 the 5 structure 5 of 5 phosphofructokinase 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔It 5 is 5 composed 5 of 5 4 5 subunits 5 (different 5 proteins). 5 Each 5 subunit 5 has 5 its 5 own 5 active 5 site. 5 Between 5 the 5 subunits 5 are 5 4 5 allosteric 5 regulatory 5 sites. ATP 5 is 5 an 5 allosteric 5 inhibitor 5 of 5 this 5 enzyme 5 while 5 AMP 5 is 5 an 5 allosteric 5 activator. 5 In 5 terms 5 of 5 energy 5 production 5 within 5 a 5 cell, 5 why 5 is 5 it 5 important 5 that 5 allosteric 5 regulation 5 controls 5 the 5 activity 5 of 5 this 5 enzyme? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔In 5 general 5 a 5 cell 5 will 5 only 5 produce 5 ATP 5 when 5 it 5 needs 5 energy. 5 Thus, 5 when 5 a 5 cell 5 has 5 enough 5 ATP, 5 ATP 5 will 5 inhibit 5 enzyme 5 activity 5 by 5 stabilizing 5 the 5 inactive 5 conformation 5 of 5 phosphofructokinase. 5 In 5 contrast, 5 when 5 a 5 cell 5 needs 5 energy, 5 AMP 5 will 5 activate 5 the 5 enzyme 5 by 5 stabilizing 5 the 5 active 5 conformation 5 of 5 phosphofructokinase. When 5 the 5 ambient 5 temperature 5 is 5 less 5 than 5 the 5 rabbit's 5 body 5 temperature, 5 how 5 does 5 the 5 diameter 5 of 5 the 5 blood 5 vessels 5 in 5 its 5 ears 5 change 5 in 5 order 5 to 5 help 5 the 5 rabbit 5 lose 5 heat? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔When 5 ambient 5 temperature 5 is 5 less 5 than 5 body 5 temperature, 5 the 5 blood 5 vessels 5 in 5 the 5 rabbit's 5 ears 5 will 5 increase 5 in 5 size 5 (dilate) 5 to 5 increase 5 the 5 amount 5 of 5 heat 5 that 5 is 5 released 5 from 5 the 5 body 5 via 5 radiation 5 and 5 convection. Which 5 two 5 organ 5 systems 5 function 5 to 5 coordinate 5 activities 5 of 5 the 5 body?` 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔endocrine 5 and 5 nervous which 5 system 5 uses 5 both 5 electrical 5 and 5 chemical 5 signals? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔nervous
endotherm 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔obtains 5 heat 5 through 5 internal 5 metabolism poikilotherm 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔body 5 temperature 5 varies 5 with 5 environment homeotherm 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔body 5 temperature 5 remains 5 constant homeotherm 5 and 5 endotherm? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔human poikilotherm 5 an 5 endotherm? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔humming 5 bird homeotherm 5 and 5 ectotherm? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔tropical 5 fish poikilotherm 5 and 5 ectotherm? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔freshwater 5 fish Which 5 type 5 of 5 heat 5 transfer 5 primarily 5 occurs 5 when 5 a 5 bird 5 warms 5 itself 5 by 5 sitting 5 in 5 a 5 position 5 where 5 it 5 can 5 easily 5 absorb 5 the 5 sun's 5 energy? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔radiation Which 5 type 5 of 5 heat 5 transfer 5 primarily 5 occurs 5 when 5 you 5 sit 5 on 5 the 5 seat 5 of 5 your 5 car 5 after 5 it 5 has 5 been 5 parked 5 for 5 8 5 hours 5 in 5 an 5 open 5 parking 5 lot 5 on 5 a 5 hot 5 summer 5 day? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔conduction What 5 type 5 of 5 heat 5 transfer 5 primarily 5 occurs 5 when 5 you 5 sweat 5 while 5 running? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔evaporation
What 5 type 5 of 5 heat 5 transfer 5 primarily 5 occurs 5 when 5 you 5 experience 5 the 5 cooling 5 effects 5 of 5 an 5 ocean 5 breeze? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔convection what 5 layer 5 of 5 skin 5 contains 5 sweat 5 glands 5 and 5 hair 5 follicles 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔dermis in 5 a 5 walrus, 5 what 5 layer 5 of 5 skin 5 contains 5 blubber 5 and 5 why 5 is 5 it 5 important 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔hypodermis, 5 helps 5 insulate 5 and 5 prevents 5 heat 5 loss 5 that 5 occurs 5 in 5 cold 5 water, 5 which 5 happens 5 much 5 faster 5 in 5 water 5 than 5 in 5 air If 5 a 5 panther 5 ran 5 at 5 full 5 speed 5 in 5 pursuit 5 of 5 a 5 rabbit, 5 would 5 its 5 superficial 5 blood 5 vessels 5 be 5 dilated 5 or 5 constricted 5 when 5 it 5 rested 5 on 5 the 5 ground 5 under 5 a 5 large 5 tree 5 at 5 the 5 end 5 of 5 the 5 run? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔dilated 5 because 5 the 5 panther 5 would 5 want 5 to 5 release 5 excess 5 body 5 heat 5 that 5 was 5 generated 5 while 5 it 5 was 5 running describe 5 the 5 countercurrent 5 heat 5 exchanger 5 found 5 in 5 the 5 leg 5 of 5 a 5 Canada 5 goose 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔arteries 5 carry 5 warm 5 blood 5 from 5 body 5 core 5 while 5 veins 5 carry 5 cold 5 blood 5 from 5 feet; 5 heat 5 is 5 transferred 5 from 5 artery 5 to 5 vein 5 so 5 that 5 blood 5 from 5 the 5 vein 5 is 5 warmed 5 as 5 it 5 moves 5 toward 5 the 5 body 5 which 5 helps 5 to 5 reduce 5 heat 5 loss 5 while 5 goose 5 stands 5 in 5 cold 5 water when 5 is 5 evaporative 5 cooling 5 the 5 only 5 mean 5 of 5 cooling 5 the 5 body? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔When 5 the 5 environment 5 is 5 warmer 5 than 5 an 5 animal's 5 body 5 temperature. 5 The 5 animal 5 needs 5 to 5 rapidly 5 release 5 heat 5 to 5 prevent 5 its 5 body 5 from 5 rapidly 5 overheating. 5 Evaporative 5 cooling 5 releases 5 a 5 huge 5 amount 5 of 5 heat 5 from 5 the 5 body 5 as 5 liquid 5 water 5 is 5 converted 5 to 5 water 5 vapor.
name 5 four 5 metabolic 5 processes 5 that 5 give 5 off 5 heat 5 as 5 ATP 5 is 5 produced 5 and 5 used 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔digestion 5 and 5 absorption 5 of 5 organic 5 molecules, 5 cellular 5 respiration, 5 biosynthesis, 5 cellular 5 work two 5 methods 5 that 5 scientists 5 use 5 to 5 measure 5 metabolic 5 rate? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔measure 5 rate 5 of 5 heat 5 loss 5 using 5 calorimeter, 5 measure 5 amount 5 of 5 oxygen 5 consumed 5 or 5 carbon 5 dioxide 5 produced minimal 5 metabolic 5 rate? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔amount 5 of 5 energy 5 that 5 an 5 animal 5 must 5 use 5 for 5 basic 5 biological 5 functions 5 such 5 as 5 cell 5 maintenance, 5 breathing, 5 and 5 heart 5 beat After 5 adjusting 5 for 5 size, 5 how 5 does 5 SMR 5 of 5 an 5 alligator 5 differ 5 from 5 BMR 5 of 5 man? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔alligator 5 uses 5 1/200 5 energy 5 of 5 man 5 because 5 ectothermy 5 has 5 much 5 lower 5 energy 5 requirements how 5 does 5 maltase 5 function 5 to 5 decrease 5 the 5 rate 5 of 5 the 5 hydrolysis 5 of 5 maltose? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔increase 5 the 5 rate 5 of 5 reaction 5 by 5 decreasing 5 its 5 energy 5 of 5 activation, 5 which 5 is 5 the 5 energy 5 needed 5 to 5 bring 5 maltose 5 to 5 its 5 transition 5 state Drug 5 X 5 functions 5 to 5 make 5 aerobic 5 respiration 5 more 5 efficient 5 in 5 a 5 cell. 5 Theoretically, 5 in 5 order 5 to 5 make 5 the 5 same 5 amount 5 of 5 ATP 5 as 5 it 5 did 5 before 5 the 5 drug 5 was 5 administered, 5 the 5 cell 5 would 5 need 5 to 5 consume: 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔less 5 glucose
Cat's 5 body 5 temp 5 is 5 37 5 degrees, 5 outside 5 is 5 13 5 degrees. 5 are 5 the 5 blood 5 vessels 5 in 5 paws 5 constricted 5 or 5 dilated? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔constricted 5 to 5 prevent 5 heat 5 loss integumentary 5 system 5 to 5 prevent 5 heat 5 loss? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔hair 5 follicles Recent 5 blood 5 work 5 revealed 5 that 5 Jim's 5 blood 5 glucose 5 level 5 is 5 220 5 mg/100 5 ml 5 and 5 his 5 blood 5 osmolarity 5 is 5 250 5 mOsm/L. 5 Compared 5 to 5 normal 5 homeostatic 5 levels, 5 Tom's 5 blood 5 is: 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔hyperglycemic 5 and 5 hypoosmotic what 5 happens 5 during 5 oxidative 5 phosphorylation 5 in 5 brown 5 fat 5 cells? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔the 5 uncoupling 5 protein 5 weakens 5 the 5 proton 5 motive 5 force, 5 so 5 less 5 ATP 5 is 5 generated 5 per 5 triglyceride 5 molecule What 5 hormone 5 was 5 recently 5 shown 5 to 5 increase 5 substantially 5 when 5 muscles 5 contract 5 vigorously? 5 what 5 is 5 a 5 target 5 cell 5 for 5 this 5 hormone? 5 effect? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔irisin; 5 fat 5 cells; 5 increases 5 heat 5 production 5 in 5 white 5 fat 5 cells how 5 many 5 ATP 5 are 5 produced 5 from 5 glycolysis 5 alone? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔ 2 how 5 many 5 ATP 5 are 5 produced 5 from 5 oxidative 5 phosphorylation 5 from 5 2NADH 5 during 5 glycolysis 5 in 5 liver 5 cell? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔ 5 how 5 many 5 ATP 5 are 5 produced 5 from 5 oxidative 5 phosphorylation 5 from 5 2NADH 5 during 5 pyruvate 5 oxidation? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔ 5
what 5 is 5 the 5 difference 5 between 5 a 5 heterotroph 5 and 5 an 5 autotroph? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔heterotroph 5 do 5 not 5 produce 5 their 5 own 5 food 5 and 5 are 5 consumers, 5 autotrophs 5 produce 5 organic 5 molecules 5 from 5 CO2 5 from 5 environment photoautotroph 5 that 5 lives 5 on 5 land? 5 acquatic? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔ferns, 5 algae, 5 cyanobacteria, 5 unicellular 5 protista how 5 do 5 both 5 heterotrophs 5 and 5 autotrophs 5 generate 5 the 5 ATP 5 that 5 cells 5 need 5 to 5 perform 5 chemical, 5 transport, 5 or 5 mechanical 5 work 5 in 5 a 5 cell? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔cellular 5 respiration... 5 plant 5 cells 5 contain 5 chloroplasts 5 and 5 mitochondria what 5 type 5 of 5 energy 5 is 5 transferred 5 during 5 photosynthesis? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔light 5 energy 5 (kinetic) 5 is 5 transferred 5 to 5 chemical 5 energy 5 (glucose) within 5 a 5 leaf, 5 where 5 does 5 photosynthesis 5 take 5 place? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔chloroplasts 5 of 5 mesophylls within 5 the 5 chloroplasts, 5 where 5 are 5 the 5 enzymes 5 that 5 regulate 5 the 5 light 5 reactions 5 of 5 photosynthesis? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔thylakoid 5 membrane where 5 are 5 chlorophyll 5 pigments 5 found 5 in 5 chloroplast? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔thylakoid 5 membrane which 5 equation 5 is 5 the 5 reverse 5 of 5 cellular 5 respiration? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔6CO2 5 + 5 6H2O 5 + 5 light 5 energy 5 → 5 C6H12O6 5 + 5 6O
is 5 glucose 5 the 5 direct 5 product 5 of 5 photosynthesis? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔no, 5 photosynthesis 5 generates 5 a 5 3 5 Carbon 5 sugar 5 (G3P) 5 that 5 is 5 used 5 to 5 make 5 glucose 5 and 5 other 5 organic 5 molecules in 5 photosynthesis, 5 which 5 reactant 5 donates 5 electrons? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔water in 5 photosynthesis, 5 which 5 reactant 5 accepts 5 electrons? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔carbon 5 dioxide _ 5 is 5 the 5 product 5 of 5 photosynthesis 5 that 5 is 5 reduced 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔glucose _ 5 reactant 5 provides 5 the 5 oxygen 5 atoms 5 found 5 in 5 O2 5 in 5 photosynthesis 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔water _ 5 reactant 5 provides 5 the 5 hydrogen 5 atoms 5 found 5 in 5 glucose 5 in 5 photosynthesis? 5
- 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔water why 5 is 5 photosynthesis 5 endergonic? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔energy 5 is 5 needed 5 to 5 drive 5 the 5 transfer 5 of 5 electrons 5 from 5 water 5 to 5 glucose; 5 electrons 5 gain 5 potential 5 energy 5 when 5 they 5 are 5 incorporated 5 into 5 glucose where 5 does 5 light 5 reaction 5 take 5 place 5 in 5 chloroplast? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔thylakoid 5 membrane
which 5 has 5 more 5 energy, 5 red 5 or 5 violet 5 blue 5 light? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔the 5 smaller 5 the 5 wavelength, 5 the 5 more 5 energy 5 the 5 wave 5 has. 5 so, 5 violet-blue 5 has 5 more 5 energy 5 because 5 it 5 has 5 a 5 smaller 5 wavelength 5 (400nm) 5 than 5 red 5 light 5 (700 5 nm) what 5 is 5 a 5 photon? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔discrete 5 particle 5 of 5 light why 5 do 5 plants 5 look 5 green? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔chlorophyll 5 a 5 molecules 5 are 5 pigments 5 that 5 absorb 5 violet-blue 5 and 5 red 5 light 5 best, 5 and 5 reflect 5 green 5 light besides 5 absorbing 5 light 5 that 5 drives 5 photosynthesis, 5 how 5 do 5 carotenoids 5 also 5 help 5 plant 5 cells? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔absorb 5 and 5 dissipate 5 excessive 5 light 5 energy 5 that 5 could 5 damage 5 chlorophyll 5 or 5 interact 5 with 5 oxygen 5 and 5 forming 5 oxidative 5 molecules why 5 is 5 it 5 important 5 for 5 humans 5 to 5 eat 5 a 5 colorful 5 diet? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔fruit 5 and 5 vegetables 5 are 5 brightly 5 colored 5 because 5 they 5 contain 5 carotenoids 5 that 5 offer 5 photo 5 protection 5 - 5 prevents 5 oxidative 5 molecules 5 or 5 free 5 radical 5 damage when 5 a 5 chlorophyll 5 pigment 5 absorbs 5 a 5 photon 5 of 5 light, 5 what 5 happens 5 to 5 the 5 pigment? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔Absorption 5 of 5 a 5 photon 5 of 5 light 5 causes 5 a 5 transition 5 of 5 the 5 chlorophyll 5 molecule 5 from 5 its 5 ground 5 state 5 to 5 its 5 excited 5 state. 5 The 5 photon 5 boosts 5 an 5 electron 5 to 5 an 5 orbital 5 where 5 it 5 has 5 more 5 potential 5 energy.
what 5 happens 5 if 5 the 5 chlorophyll 5 molecules 5 exists 5 in 5 an 5 isolated 5 system 5 and 5 absorbs 5 a 5 photon? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔excited 5 electron 5 immediately 5 falls 5 back 5 down 5 to 5 ground 5 state 5 orbital 5 and 5 its 5 excess 5 energy 5 is 5 given 5 off 5 as 5 heat what 5 happens 5 if 5 the 5 chlorophyll 5 molecule 5 exists 5 in 5 an 5 open 5 system 5 such 5 as 5 in 5 a 5 chloroplast 5 of 5 a 5 leaf 5 cell 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔chlorophyll 5 electrons 5 excited 5 by 5 photon 5 absorption 5 are 5 used 5 to 5 power 5 the 5 reactions 5 of 5 photosynthesis where 5 are 5 the 5 photosystems 5 located 5 within 5 the 5 chloroplast 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔thylakoid 5 membrane what 5 are 5 the 5 two 5 main 5 components 5 of 5 each 5 photosystem? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔several 5 light 5 harvesting 5 complexes 5 and 5 a 5 reaction 5 center why 5 do 5 light 5 harvesting 5 complexes 5 contain 5 a 5 variety 5 of 5 pigment 5 molecules? 5
- 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔enables 5 the 5 system 5 to 5 harvest 5 light 5 over 5 a 5 larger 5 surface 5 area 5 and 5 a 5 larger 5 portion 5 of 5 the 5 spectrum reaction 5 centers 5 of 5 PSII 5 and 5 PSI 5 contain 5 specific 5 pigment 5 molecules. 5 what 5 are 5 these 5 two 5 molecules? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔Photosystem 5 II 5 contains 5 chlorophyll 5 a 5 P680 5 (absorbs 5 light 5 maximally 5 at 5 680 5 nm) 5 and 5 Photosystem 5 I 5 contains 5 a 5 chlorophyll 5 a 5 P700 5 (absorbs 5 light 5 maximally 5 at 5 700 5 nm). What 5 happens 5 within 5 the 5 reaction 5 center 5 when 5 energy 5 is 5 transferred 5 to 5 these 5 specific 5 chlorophyll 5 molecules 5 in 5 each 5 photosystem? 5 - 5 Correct 5 answer 5 ✔electrons 5 transferred 5 to 5 primary 5 electron 5 acceptor
