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An in-depth analysis of the various transport mechanisms across biological membranes. It covers diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis, active transport, and bulk transport. The document also discusses the role of membrane proteins in facilitated transport and the impact of osmosis on water balance. Additionally, it touches upon the concept of ATP-powered pumps and their role in maintaining membrane potential.
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Biological Membranes Transport
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Energy changes accompanying passage of a hydrophilic solute through the lipid bilayer of a biological membrane Figure 11.2 Overview of membrane transport proteins.
Figure 11.3 Multiple membrane transport proteins function together in the plasma membrane of metazoan cells.
13 Regulation by insulin of glucose transport by GLUT4 into a myocyte
19 ATP-Powered Pumps The four classes of ATP-powered transport proteins
Figure 11.10 Operational model of the Ca2+^ ATPase in the SR membrane of skeletal muscle cells. P-Type Ca2+^ Pumps Maintain a Low Concentration of Calcium in the Cytosol- Effect of V-class H+^ pumps on H+^ concentration gradients and electric potential gradients across cellular
27 F-Type ATPase Are Reversible, ATP- driven Proton Pumps Structure of the FoF 1 ATPase/ATP synthase Figure 11.15 The multidrug transporter ABCB (MDR1): structure and model of ligand export.
31 The Chloride-Bicarbonate Exchanger Catalyzes Electrochemical Cotransport of Anions across the Plasma Membrane 32 Active Transport Results in Solute Movement against a Concentration or Electrochemical Gradient
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34 Lactose uptake in E. coli
Figure 11.31 Acidification of the stomach lumen by parietal cells in the gastric lining. Figure 11.32 Dissolution of bone by polarized osteoclast cells requires a V-class proton pump and the ClC-7 chloride channel protein.
39 40 Structure and function of the K+ channel of Streptomyces lividans - Diagram of the K+ channel in cross section