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Biology 1 Final Exam UCF questions
with answers
What organelles do both prokaryotes and eukaryotes have? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Ribosomes, plasma membrane, cytoplasm, and DNA. Covalent Bonds - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Sharing of electrons between atoms and other covalent bonds. Polar Covalent - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Unequal sharing of electrons. Charged Nonpolar Covalent - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Equal sharing of electrons. Not charged Ionic Bond - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔An attraction between atoms (usually with charges), results in a bond with the transfer of electrons Ion - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Charged atoms
Hydrogen Bond - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Not actually a bond, between molecules, occurs when a hydrogen atoms is bonded covalently to an electronegative atom and is attracted to another electronegative atom. PH+POH=? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔ 14 Inverse of PH - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔H+ Inverse of POH - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔OH- Organic Chemistry - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Study of the chemistry of carbon compounds Nondisjunction - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Sister chromatids don't separate properly Amino acids have a _________ and __________. - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Amino group, carboxyl group Peptide Bonds - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Bond between amino acids that make polypeptides
____________ and _________ go through cell membrane most easily. - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Small and hydrophobic 1sr Law of thermodynamics - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Energy can't be created or destroyed 2nd Law of thermodynamics - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔The amount of entropy is constantly increasing with every reaction Exergonic reaction - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Releases energy, catabolic. Ex: Cellular respiration Location of glycolysis - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Cytoplasm Substrate level phosphorylation - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Adding a phosphate group to ADP to make ATP Kinase - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Enzyme that catalyzes transfer of phosphate from high energy molecules to make ATP Meiosis - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Reduces chromosome number by half and results in 4 haploid daughter cells
Mitosis - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Results in two identical diploid cells Karyotype - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Number and visual appearance of the chromosomes in the cell nuclei of an organism or species 9:3:3:1 Ratio - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔SsYy x SsYy, represents phenotypic ratio SRY - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Determines maleness Turner Syndrome - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Chromosomal disorder where female is born with only one X chromosome Purines - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Adenine and Guanine Pyramidines - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Cytosine, Uracil, Thymine DNA is made up of _________. - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Nucleotides Each nucleotide contains ________, _________, and ________. - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Phosphate group, sugar group, and a nitrogen base
____, ____, and ____ stop the sequence. - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔UAA, UAG, and UGA tRNA - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Carries the anticodon Exon - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Segment of DNA/RNA molecule information coding for peptide or protein structure Intron - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Segment of DNA/RNA molecule info that does not code for proteins and interrupts the sequence of genes Gene Regulation - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔any mechanism used to increase/decrease the production of specific gene products Centromere - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Region of a chromosome to which the microtubules of the spindle attach. Dark spot on chromosome G0 - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Cell is just chilling
