Download BIOLOGY 1010 FINAL EXAM ALL QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS 2025 and more Exams Biology in PDF only on Docsity!
BIOLOGY 1010 FINAL EXAM ALL QUESTIONS
WITH ANSWERS 2025
Compared with species that are widely distributed, endemic species are at greater risk of extinction because of _________ ANSWER habitat destruction The metabolic processes common to all life forms also need one type of molecule that was also probably very abundant early on Earth. This is the molecule_______ ANSWER water The International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources does not currently monitor threats to - ANSWER bacteria Which of the following organisms had an ancestor that appeared first? - ANSWER archaea Global climate change is caused by increases in - ANSWER carbon dioxide Individuals and conservation groups have donated money to buy land in the Monteverde Cloud Forest in Costa Rica. As a result, much of the forest is now protected as a private nature preserve. This is an example of - ANSWER preservation Miller and Urey experiment designed to study the early synthesis of organic compounds except. - ANSWER oxygen The fact that the average human birthweight stays around seven pounds is due to - ANSWER the forces of stabilizing selection
Who shared the credit for being the codiscoverer of the theory of natural selection? - ANSWER Alfred Wallace Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is most likely to be maintained - ANSWER when there is no gene flow among different populations Natural or man-made substances released into soil, air, or water in greater than natural amounts are called - ANSWER pollutants For conservation purposes, if the only known members of a species are in captivity, the species is referred to as "____ in the wild". - ANSWER extinct The primitive Earth's atmosphere contained very little to no - ANSWER free oxygen A species that is confined to the limited area in which it evolved is - ANSWER endemic evolved from cyanobacteria - ANSWER Chloroplasts Stromatolites were formed by - ANSWER photosynthetic bacteria The presence of iridium in the K-Pg boundary layer is evidence of - ANSWER meteorite impact Disruptive selection favors - ANSWER the extremes at both end of a range of variation
In radishes, red is dominant R R, white is recessive r r and purple color results in heterozygotes R r. This is an example of - ANSWER incomplete dominance Marfan syndrome is a genetic disorder that arises from the mutation in a single gene. This gene however has multiple effects in the body. It affects tissue composition of the heart, skin, blood vessels, tendons and other parts of the body. This gene is an example of a(n) - ANSWER pleiotropic gene The mitotic spindle attaches to chromosomes at the - ANSWER centromere Sometimes, malignant cells lose their ability to remain properly anchored in tissues due to the loss of function of - ANSWER plasma membrane adhesion proteins A gene having multiple effects is known as a(n)- ANSWER epistatic gene Homologous chromosomes may differ from one another in - ANSWER alleles This failure of separation of chromosomes is called - ANSWER nondisjunction he sex chromosome composition of a person with Klinefelter syndrome is - ANSWER XXY The ABO gene is an example of a(n) - ANSWER multiple allele system
If R is dominant to r, the offspring of the cross of RR with rr will - ANSWER display the same phenotype as the RR parent An X-linked recessive carrier is a - ANSWER heterozygous female Any gene that has the potential to transform a normal cell into a tumor cell is called a - ANSWER oncogene What is the term for a cell that contains one set of chromosomes? - ANSWER gamete Sister chromatids are separated during ____ of meiosis. - ANSWER anaphase II Which segments of DNA can spontaneously jump to another region of the chromosome? - ANSWER. transposable elements Mitosis followed by cytoplasmic division produces - ANSWER two cells with the same number and types of chromosomes as the parent\ Chromosomal DNA is duplicated in - ANSWER interphase\ Amniocentesis is a - ANSWER prenatal diagnostic method used to detect chromosomal abnormalities in embryos\ If two genes are on the same chromosome, - ANSWER they are in the same linkage group
Normal checkpoint genes encoding proteins that promote mitosis are called - ANSWER proto-oncogenes Mitosis is an example of ____ reproduction. - ANSWER asexual Meiosis usually produces ____ cell(s). - ANSWER four haploid The movement of ____ across the thylakoid membrane drives ATP synthesis. - ANSWER hydrogen ions During transcription, uracil forms a base pair with ____. - ANSWER adenine Unlike particles of energy called ____ transfer energy in quantum leaps. - ANSWER photons The last intermediate produced in the citric acid cycle is ____, which is also a substrate for the first reaction in this pathway, making the citric acid cycle a(n) ____ metabolic pathway. - ANSWER oxaloacetate; cyclic What subatomic particles of a pigment absorb light? - ANSWER electrons only What do NADH and FADH2 deliver to electron transfer chains? - ANSWER electrons and hydrogen ions Which of the following enzymes catalyzes carbon fixation? - ANSWER rubisco
The normal start codon for protein synthesis is - ANSWER AUG The research contribution of Rosalind Franklin was instrumental in - ANSWER elucidating the structural features of DNA Which of the following cofactors is reduced in both glycolysis and the citric acid cycle? - ANSWER NAD+ Chlorophyll a absorbs what wavelength(s) of light? - .ANSWER red, violet, and orange Splicing out introns, adding a poly-A tail, and adding a 5' cap. What is the name for all of these events? - .ANSWER post-transcriptional modification UV light can cause the formation of ___ - .ANSWER cytosine or thymine dimers During translation, free amino acids are carried to the ribosomes by - ANSWER tRNA DNA ligase ____. - ANSWER joins DNA fragments together The citric acid cycle takes place in the - ANSWER mitochondrion In eukaryotes, translation occurs in the ____; in prokaryotes, translation occurs in the ____ - ANSWER cytoplasm; cytoplasm
The oxygen released during photosynthesis originates from - ANSWER water A human karyotype showing 22 pairs of autosomes plus two X chromosomes indicates a(n) - ANSWER normal female Building Blocks of nucleic acids are - ANSWER nucleotides Number of citric acid cycles run to reap energy from one molecule of glucose- ANSWER two Molecular reactants in photosynthesis by plants are- ANSWER both CO2 and H2O Aerobic organisms use ______ as final acceptor of electron in electron transport phosphorylation.- ANSWER O An example of a somatic cell is a(n) - ANSWER kidney cell The DNA molecule is made up of ____ strand(s) and most RNA molecules are made up of ____ strand(s). - ANSWER 2; 1 When many ribosomes simultaneously translate the same mRNA molecule, the structure is called a - ANSWER polysome Chlorophyll is found ____ of a plant cell. - ANSWER in the thylakoid membrane
Intervening, untranslated nucleotide sequences are called ____ - ANSWER introns The order of information flow in gene expression is - ANSWER DNA to RNA to protein Openings in leaves through which gases enter and exit are called - ANSWER stomata DNA synthesis proceeds from ____. - ANSWER the 5' to the 3' end of the DNA strand Amino acids are joined together in proteins by ____. - ANSWER peptide bonds What is a characteristic of autotrophs? - ANSWER Autotrophs harness energy directly from the environment. In chromosomes, DNA is wrapped around proteins called - ANSWER histones Substrate level phosphorylation _____. - ANSWER involves the direct transfer of a phosphate group from a substrate In DNA replication, two copies of a DNA molecule are produced. In each copy, one strand is new, and the other is parental. This result is referred to as - ANSWER semiconservative replication
