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Biology 123 exam 1 practice test questions Biology 123 exam 1 practice test questions
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1. Some current species share one or more traits. These species inherited these traits from a common ancestor they share. The shared traits inheritedfrom a common ancestor are: A) evolution B) alleles C) homologies D) All of the above: C) homologies 2. Charles Darwin described the change in traits that occurs in a populationover generations as "Descent with modification" as: A) Transcription B) splicing C) evolution D) translation: C) evolution
3. Charles Darwin described evolution as "Descent with modification" be-cause the: A) traits expressed by the descents of an ancestral population are identical tothose of the ancestral population B) traits expressed by the descents of an ancestral population differ fromthose of the ancestral population: B) traits expressed by the descents of an ancestral population differ from those of the ancestral population 4. Charles Darwin described the biological change that occurs in species overgenerations as "descent with modification". These changes occur because they are- A) adaptations that increase the ability to reproduce in the current environ-ment B) adaptations that decrease the ability to reproduce in the current environ- ment: A) adaptations that increase the ability to reproduce in the
B) the common ancestor of all these species had these traits C) Traits are not inherited characteristics: B) the common ancestor of all thesespecies had these traits
7. Which line of evidence shows that biological change in populations hasoccurred over generations? A) the fossil record B) the significant changes in phenotype of domesticated animal and crops C) Drug resistance in many pathogen populations D) All of the above: D) All of the above 8. The process by which the living world has been developing since lifeappeared on Earth is known as: A) Evolution B) allele C) Genotype D) phenotype: A) Evolution
9. The change in the frequency of the alleles in a population over generationsis known as: A) Evolution B) allele C) genotype D) Phenotype: A) Evolution 10. The increase in the frequency of the alleles that code for antibiotic resis-tance in a population of pathogenic Bacteria is an example of: A) evolution B) mutation C) genotype D) phenotype: A) Evolution 11. What is a solid definition of evolution? A) the mutations that occur in an individual during its lifetime B) the genetic changes that occur in a population over generations: B)
13. Malaria patients have been treated with Quinine (Chloroquine) for decades.This has resulted in the evolution of A) antiobiotic resistance in the plasmodium falciparum B) Herbicide resistance in plasmodium falciparum C) insectide resistance in plasmodium falciparum D) none of the above: D) none of the above 14. Which type of insects are vectors of disease for some virulent humanviruses and some virulent pathogenic Protozoa? A) lady bug B) beetle C) mosquito D) stick insect: C) mosquito 15. Charles Darwin and Alfred Wallace proposed that the evolution of popula-tions over generations is causes by which process? A) Alternative splicing
B) Facilitated Diffusion C) Natural Selection D) Active transport: C) Natural selection
16. According to Charles Darwin and Alfred Wallace, the evolution of popula-tions over generations is the product and A) Transcription is the process B) Translation is the process C) Natural selection is the process: C) Natural selection is the process
must be genetic variation among individuals in the population. Such that, that someindividuals have alleles that increase their ability to reproduce.
19. Some alleles in a population always increase in frequency in the futuregenerations of the population. These alleles always: A) reduce the ability to reproduce in the current environment B) increase the ability to reproduce in the current environment C) reduce metabolic efficiency: B) increase the ability to reproduce in the currentenvironment 20. Some alleles in a population always decrease in frequency in the futuregenerations of the population. These alleles always: A) reduce the ability to reproduce in the current environment B) increase the ability to reproduce in the current environment C) reduce metabolic efficiency: A) reduce the ability to reproduce in the currentenvironment 21. Which molecule produced by some animals, microbes, and plants
destroybacteria or prevent bacteria from reproducing? A) Antibiotics B) herbicides C) insecticides D) fungicides: A) Antibiotics
B) smaller body size C) larger teeth D) larger jaws: B) smaller body size
25. Professional loggers preferentially harvest the tallest trees. This prefer-ence has favored the evolution of tree populations with: A) increased height B) Increased stem diameter C) reduced height: C) reduced height (also reduced stem diameter) 26. What is an example of Convergent (Parallel) evolution in nature? A) Bears and Moose have wings for flight B) Dolphins, fish, and sharks have similar shapes to facilitate effective swim-ming C) plants and humans perform photosynthesis: B) Dolphins, fish, and sharkshave similar shapes to facilitate effective swimming 27. One crayfish species inhabits a lake with greenish water. Another
crayfishspecies inhabits another lake with greenish water. Both crayfish species havea green body color, although their common ancestor has a red body color. This is an example of: A) Convergent evolution B) Alternative Splicing C) Active transport: A) Convergent evolution
28. What is an example of convergent (parallel) evolution in the HumanMetapopulation? A) All human populations have brown hair B) All human populations have resistance to antibiotics C) different human populations have adults that can catabolize lactose anddairy products as adults: C) different human populations have adults that can catabolize lactose and dairy products as adults 29. Which factors in the habitat could affect the ability of individuals to repro-duce under the current environmental conditions?
31. Which traits in a population will always increase in frequency in the futuregenerations of a population? A) the traits that reduce the ability to reproduce B) the traits that increase the ability to reproduce: B) the traits that increase theability to reproduce 32. Which alleles in a population will always decrease in frequency in thefuture generations of the population? A) the alleles that reduce the ability to reproduce B) the alleles that increase the ability to reproduce: A) the alleles that reduce theability to reproduce 33. What is required for a population to evolve by natural selection overgenerations? A) the individuals must show genetic variation B) some individuals must reproduce better than others due to genetic differ-ences
C) All of the above: C) All of the above
34. A population of Aphids (insects) cannot evolve over generations by naturalselection of all the individuals in the population are: A) genetically-identical B) Genetically diverse: A) genetically-identical (clones) 35. Natural selection has affected a population for 30 generations. How willnatural selection affect the individuals in this population? A) their ability to reproduce in the current environment will increase B) their ability to reproduce in the current environment will decrease: A) theirability to reproduce in the current environment will increase 36. Natural selection has affected a population for 30 generations. How willnatural selection affect the individuals in this population? A) they are better adapted to reproduce in the current environment B) they are larger and aggressive: A) they are better adapted to reproduce in thecurrent environment
38. Many of our ancestors cultivated starch-producing crops. Which mutationincreased our ancestors' capacity to digest starch? A) lactase gene that expressed in childhood B) lactase gene that is expressed in adulthood C) multiple copies of the amylase gene: C) multiple copies of the amylase gene 39. Some of our ancestors had access to dairy products as adults because they domesticated milk-producing mammals. Which mutated allele enabledthese adults to digest the lactose in dairy products? A) Lactase gene that is expressed in adults B) amylase gene C) ethanol: A) Lactase gene that is expressed in adults 40. Our ancestors cultivated vegetable crops that contained plant toxins (phy-totoxins). Which allele enabled our ancestors to consume these vegetable safely?
A) lactase allele B) alleles that code for plant toxin inactivation C) alleles for antibiotic resistance: B) alleles that code for plant toxin inactivation
41. Many of our ancestors converted their crops into fermented foods that could be stored safely. Which gene enabled our ancestors to catabolize theethanol molecules in these foods and eliminate their toxicity? A) Lactase gene B) Amylase Gene C) Alcohol Dehydrogenase Gene: C) Alcohol Dehydrogenase Gene 42. Our ancestors consumed a variety of hallucinogenic substances. In futuregenerations of humans, this increased the frequency of: A) Lactase allele B) Amylase Allele