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Biology MISA Questions with Verified Answers
Typology: Exams
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Homeostasis - ANSWERSRelatively constant internal physical and chemical conditions that organisms maintain Cell membrane - ANSWERSBarrier that surrounds ALL cells, regulates what enters/leaves it Cytoplasm - ANSWERSA jellylike fluid that surrounds all the cell's internal contents Golgi Apparatus - ANSWERSOrganelle that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins from the ER for storage or to release it outside the cell Asexual - ANSWERSprocess of reproduction involving a single parent that results in offspring that are genetically identical to the parent Prokaryote - ANSWERSunicellular organism that lacks a nucleus Bacteria - ANSWERSDomain of unicellular organisms, corresponds to the kingdom eubacteria respiratory system - ANSWERSBrings oxygen into the body. Gets rid of carbon dioxide. Vesicle - ANSWERSa membranous and usually fluid-filled pouch (such as a cyst, vacuole, or cell) in a plant or animal Animal cell - ANSWERSdoes not have a cell wall or chloroplast and a small vacuole Organelle - ANSWERSA tiny cell structure that carries out a specific function within the cell Permeable - ANSWERSAble to be passed or soaked through Nervous System - ANSWERSthe body's speedy, electrochemical communication network, consisting of all the nerve cells of the peripheral and central nervous systems
Excretory - ANSWERSthe system that removes waste from your body and controls water balance Rough ER - ANSWERSER that is dotted with ribosomes Cilia - ANSWERSHairlike projections that extend from the plasma membrane and are used for locomotion Lysosomes - ANSWERSAn organelle that breaks things down to be reused by the rest of the cell Vacuole - ANSWERSOrganelle that stores materials Digestive System - ANSWERSBreaks down food into smaller molecules. Absorbs these nutrients into the body. immune system - ANSWERSThe cells and tissues that recognize and attack foreign substances in the body Muscular System - ANSWERSenables movement of the body and internal organs integumentary system - ANSWERSConsists of the skin, mucous membranes, hair, and nail, protects from various kinds of damage Hydrophobic - ANSWERSRepels or doesn't mix with water skeletal system - ANSWERSgives our bodies structure and protects major organs like the heart, lungs, and brain reproductive system - ANSWERSsystem of organs involved in producing offspring Ribosome - ANSWERSOrganelle that Makes proteins Endocrine System - ANSWERSConsists of glands that control many of the body's activities by producing hormones. Endocytosis - ANSWERSthe taking in of matter by a living cell by invagination of its membrane to form a vacuole. Equilibrium - ANSWERSA state of balance Feedback System - ANSWERSA response within a system that influences the continued activity or productivity of that system ATP - ANSWERS(adenosine triphosphate) main energy source that cells use for most of their work
Mitochondria - ANSWERSAn organelle in which processes of energy production occur. The powerhouse of the cell Smooth ER - ANSWERSOrganelle that makes hormones and lipids Hypertonic - ANSWERSHaving higher osmotic pressure than a particular fluid Nucleus - ANSWERSOrganelle in eukaryotic cells, contains genetic material and controls what happens within the cell Centrioles - ANSWERSAn organelle that occurs in pairs and is involved in development of spindle fibers in cell division Multicellular - ANSWERSHaving many cells Plant cell - ANSWERSEukaryotic cell, not of an animal, has chloroplast and cell wall Flagella - ANSWERSA slender structure that enables a bacteria to swim Active Transport - ANSWERSMovement of ions or molecules across a cell membrane into a region of higher concentration Passive Transport - ANSWERSthe movement of substances across a cell membrane without the use of energy by the cell Hypotonic - ANSWERSHaving a lower concentration of solute than another solution Metric - ANSWERSa standard of measurement Control - ANSWERSIn an experiment, the standard that is used for comparison or the group without the independent variable Facilitated Diffusion - ANSWERSMovement of specific molecules across cell membranes through protein channels Exocytosis - ANSWERSProcess by which a cell releases large amounts of material Solute - ANSWERSA substance that is dissolved in a solution. Cytolysis - ANSWERSThe rupturing of a cell due to excess internal pressure. Phagocytosis - ANSWERSA type of endocytosis in which a cell engulfs large particles or whole cells Growth - ANSWERSthe process of increasing in physical size.
Solvent - ANSWERSA liquid substance capable of dissolving other substances Eukaryote - ANSWERSorganism whose cells contain a nucleus Hypothesis - ANSWERSA testable prediction, often implied by a theory Plasmolysis - ANSWERSCollapse of a walled cell's cytoplasm due to a lack of water Independent Variable - ANSWERSThe experimental factor that is manipulated; the variable whose effect is being studied. dependent variable - ANSWERSThe outcome factor; the variable that may change in response to manipulations of the independent variable. Prokaryote - ANSWERSA unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus and membrane bound organelles Polar - ANSWERSMolecule with partial charges. Mixes with water. Mineral - ANSWERSA solid inorganic substance of natural occurrence. Hydrolysis - ANSWERSA chemical process that splits a molecule by adding water. Nucleotide - ANSWERSmonomer of nucleic acids Surface tension - ANSWERSa property of water that results from the cohesion of water molecules at the surface of a body of water and that creates a sort of skin on the water's surface universal solvent - ANSWERSDissolves into anything (Water). Amino acid - ANSWERSBuilding blocks of protein Monosaccharides - ANSWERSmonomers of carbohydrates Capillary action - ANSWERSTendency of water to rise (like a trees roots) Peptide - ANSWERSpolymer of amino acids Electrons - ANSWERSNegatively charged part of an atom Proton - ANSWERSPositively charged part of an atom Neutron - ANSWERSPart of an atom with no charge Mono- - ANSWERSone
anaerobic cellular respiration - ANSWERSthe process by which cells obtain energy from an energy source without using oxygen