Download Bontrager Chapter 1 Self Test | 100% Correct Answers | Verified | Latest 2024 Version and more Exams Biology in PDF only on Docsity!
Bontrager Chapter 1 Self Test | 100% Correct
Answers | Verified | Latest 2024 Version
Which of the following is (are) not one of the four basic types of tissue in the human body? A. Integumentary D. Osseous B. Connective E. Muscular C. Nervous F. Epithelial - โโA O How many separate bones are found in the adult human body? A. 180 C. 206 B. 243 D. 257 - โโC Which one of the following systems distributes oxygen and nutrients to the cells of the body? A. Digestive C. Skeletal B. Circulatory D. Urinary - โโB Which one of the following systems maintains the acid-base balance in the body? A. Digestive C. Reproductive B. Urinary D. Circulatory - โโB Which one of the following systems is considered to be the largest organ system in the human body? A. Muscular C. Skeletal B. Endocrine D. Integumentary - โโD The two divisions of the human skeleton are A. Bony and Cartilaginous B. Axial and appendicular
C. Vertebral and extremities D. integumentary and appendicular - โโB Which portion of the long bones is responsible for the production of the red blood cells? A. Spongy or cancellous B. Periosteum C. Hyaline D. Compact aspect - โโA What type of tissue covers the ends of the long bones? A. Spongy or cancellous B. Periosteum C. Hyaline and articular cartilage D. Compact aspect - โโC The narrow space between the inner and outer table of the flat bones in the cranium is called the: A. Calvarium B. Periosteum C. Medullary portion D. Diploe - โโD What is the primary center for endochondral ossification in long bones? A. Diaphysis (shaft) B. Epiphyseal plate C. Epiphyses D. Medulla - โโA What is the name of secondary growth centers of endochondral ossification found in long bones?
C. Distal Tibofibular joint D. Proximal and distal radioulnar joints - โโC Match the following Bones to there correct classification:
- Sternum A. Long Bone
- Femur B. Short Bone
- Tarsal Bones C. Flat Bone
- Pelvic Bones D. Irregular Bones
- Scapulae
- Humorous
- Vertebrae
- Calvarium - โโC A B D C A D C The three structural classifications of joints are synovial, cartilaginous, and: A. Amphiarthrodial B. Ellipsoidal C. Diarthrodial D. Fibrous - โโD Classify the following synovial joints on their type of movement
- First carpometacarpal joint A. Plane(gliding)
- Intercarpal joint B. Ginglymus
- Hip Joint (hinge)
- Proximal radioulnar joint C. Trochoidal
- Interphalangeal Joint (pivot)
- Fourth metacarpophalangeal joint D. Ellipsoidal
- knee joint (condyloid)
- Wrist joint E. Sellar (saddle)
- Joint between C1 and C2 F. Spheroidal
- Ankle Joint (ball and socket) G. Bicondylar - โโE A F C B D G D C E Which plane divides the body into equal anterior and posterior parts? A. Midsagittal B. Transverse C. Midcornal D. Longitiudinal - โโC True/False The terms radiograph and image receptor refer to the same thing - โโFalse A longitudinal plane that divides the body into right and left parts is the:
Define the following terms:
- Lying down in any position
- Head lower than the feet position
- Upright position, palms forward
- Top of the foot
- Frankfort horizontal plane
- A plane at right angle to the longitudinal plane
- Head higher than feet position
- Palm of hand
- Sole of foot
- Front half of body
- A plane that divides body into anterior and posterior halves
- A recumbent position with knees and hips flexed with support for legs - โโRecumbent Trendlenberg Anatomic Position Dorsum Pedis Base plane of skull Horizontal Plane Fowler's position Palmar Plantar Anterior Midcoronal Lithotomy The direction or path of the central ray of the x-ray beam defines the positioning term:
A. Position B. View C. Perspective D. Projection - โโD A patient is placed in a recumbent position facing downward. The left side of the body is turned 30 degrees toward the image receptor. Which specific position has been performed? A. LAO B. Left Lateral decubitus C. LPO D. RAO - โโA A patient is placed into a recumbent position facing downward. The x-ray tube is directed horizontally and enters the left side and exits the right side of the body. An image receptor is placed against the right side of the patient. Which position is performed? A. Dorsal decubitus B. Left lateral decubitus C. Ventral decubitus D. Right lateral decubitus - โโC A patient is erect with her back to the IR. The CR enters the anterior aspect and exits the posterior aspect of the body. Which position is performed? A. Posteroanterior B. Tangential C. Ventral Decubitus D. Anteroposterior - โโD A patientis lying down facing upward why the posterior surface of the body against the IR. The right side of the body turned 45 degree toward the IR. The x-ray tube is directed vertically and enters the anterior surface of the body. Which position has been performed?
C. PA oblique with liberal rotation D. AP oblique with later rotation - โโB What is the name of the projection in which the CR merely skims a body part? A. Tangential B. Decubitus C. Axial D. Trendelenburg - โโA What is the name of the specific projection in which the CR enter the left side of the chest and exits the opposite side? A. Parietoacanthial B. Axial C. Transthoracic D. Lordotic - โโC What is the specific projection that enters the posterior aspect of the skull and exits the acanthion? A. Acanthioparietal B. Tangential C. Axial D. Parietoacanthialds - โโD Which one of the following is an example of an axial projection? A. Transthoracic B. Mediolateral ankle C. AP chest with 20 degree cephalic D. AP abdomen with 30 degree rotation to left - โโC Which one of the following positioning terms is no longer considered valid in the US?
A. Radiographic view B. Radiographic position C. Radiographic projection D. Semi-axial projection - โโA What is the direct opposite of each term?
- Proximal
- Cephalad
- Ipsilateral
- Medial
- Superficial
- Internal
- Lordosis
- AP
- Superior
- Dorsoplantar - โโDistal Caudad Contralateral Lateral Deep External Kyphosis PA Inferior Plantodorsal True/False If a patient is younger than 18 years of age, any confidential information obtained during the procedure must be shared with the parent or guardian. - โโFalse
Which of the following radiologic procedures only a single AP projection be taken? A. Post-reduction forearm B. Pelvis C. Hand on a pediatric patient D. Ribs - โโB A patient enters the emergency room with a fractured forearm. The fracture is set or reduces. The orthopedic physician orders a postreduction series. How many projections are required? A. One B. Three C. Two D. Four - โโC A patient enters the emergency room with a dislocated elbow. The patient is in extreme pain. What is the minimum number of projections that must be performed? A. One B. Three C. Two D. Four - โโC A patient comes to radiology for a rib study. What is the minimum number of projections that must be performed? A. One B. Three C. Two D. Four - โโB
A patient enters the emergency room with a possible fractured ankle. She can move it but is painful. What is the minimum number of projections that must be performed? A. One B. Three C. Two D. Four - โโC A patient enters the emergency room with a small piece of wire embedded in the palm of the hand. What is the minimum number of projections required for the is study? A. One B. Three C. Two D. Four - โโC A patient has fallen on the ice and has a possible fractured hip (proximal Femur) What is the minimum number of projections that should be taken for this patient? A. One B. Three C. Two D. Four - โโC A patient enters the emergency room with a fractured little (fifth) toe. What is the minimum number of projections that should be taken for this patient? A. One B. Three C. Two D. Four - โโB Which of the following positioning routines should be performed of a wrist study?
D. Penumbra - โโA Which of the following exposure factors primarily controls radiographic density? A. kV B. mAs C. Focal spot size D. SID - โโB True/False For an underexposure radiograph, the mAs must be increased by a factor of four to produce a a visible change in radiographic density - โโB A radiograph of the knee reveals that it is overexposed and must be repeated. The original technique used 10 mAs. Which one of the following changes will improve the image during the repeat exposure? A. Increase to 15 mAs B. Decrease to 5 mAs C. Increase to 20 mAs D. Decrease to 2 mAs - โโB Primary controlling factor for radiographic contrast is: A. mAs B. kV C. Focal Spot D SID - โโB Chest radiography requires long-scale contrast. Which set of exposure factors will be produced? A. 50 kV, 20 mAs B. 65 kV , 15 mAs C. 110 kV, 2 mAs
D. 80 kV, 5 mAs - โโC Which one of the following sets of exposure factors will produce the highest (short scale) radiographic contrast? A. 60 kV, 30 mAs B. 80 kV , 20 mAs C. 96 kV, 5 mAs D. 120 kV, 2 mAs - โโA True/False Kilovoltage is s secondary controlling factor for a radiographic density. - โโTrue True/False A low kilovoltage technique (50 kV) produces a long-scale contrast image. - โโFalse A radiograph of the elbow reveals that it is overexposed. The technologist wants to adjust kV rather than mAs for the repeat exposure. This is contrary to common practice. The original analog exposure factors were 70 kV and 5 mAs. Which one of the following kV settings would reduce radiographic density by one half A. 80 kV and 5 mAs B. 66 kV and 5 mAs C. 60 kV and 5 mAs D. 56 kV and 5 mAs - โโC Which one of the following techniques or devices will reduce the amount of scatter radiation striking the IR? A. Collimation B. Lower kV C. Grids D. All the above - โโd
Which type of compensating filter is recommended for a axiolateral hip projection? A. Wedge B. Boomerang C. Trough D. Beveled - โโA Which type of grid cutoff is created if the CR and the fave of the grid are no perpendicular to each other? A. Off level B. Off center C. Upside down grid D. Off focus - โโA Which one of the following requires the use of grid? A. PA Hand B. Axial calcaneus (heel) C. AP abdomen D AP elbow - โโC The misrepresentation of an object's size or shape projected on a radiograph is called A. Magnification B. Blurring C. Unsharpness D. Distortion - โโD Which one of the following sets of factors minimizes radiographic distortion to the greatest degree? A. 40 inch SID and 8 inch OID B. 44 inch SID and 7 inch OID
C. 72 inch SID and 3 inch OID D. 60 inch SID and 4 inch OID - โโC True/False To best use the anode heel effect, the thinner aspect of the anatomic part should be placed under the cathode aspect of the x-ray tube - โโFalse The best method to reduce distortion of the joints of the hand is to keep the fingers _________________________________ to the IR A. Perpendicular B. Parallel C. At a 30 degree angle D. Vertical - โโB Which one of the following factors affects spatial resolution to the greatest degree? A. Use of a grid B. kV C. Focal spot size D. mAs - โโC Each digital image is formed by a two dimensional elements termed: A Pixel B Matrix C Voxels D Bytes - โโA Highly complex mathematical formulas used in creating the digital image are termed: A. Digital reconstructions B. Bit Processing matrices
