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Bridge to Terabithia: Lesson Plan for Imaginary Places & Foreshadowing/Flashback, Study notes of History of film

A lesson plan for teaching elementary students about the concepts of imaginary places and foreshadowing/flashback using Katherine Paterson's novel 'Bridge to Terabithia'. The plan includes activities, materials, and objectives.

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Story Synopsis
Katherine Paterson’s Bridge to Terabithia won the
Newbery Award in 1978. The book is the heartfelt
story of eleven-year-old Jess Aarons who lives in
a small community in rural Virginia. He dreams
of being the fastest boy in his fifth grade class
when school opens—and he’s willing to spend
every morning of the summer vacation practicing
his running with the hope of winning the respect
of his classmates, his father’s approval, and some
positive attention from his mother often focuses
on the demands of his four sisters. The first day of
school arrives and much to his dismay, the bold
new girl, Leslie Burke, out races him and all the
other boys.
Jess tries to ignore Leslie, who recently moved
into the old Perkins place, down the road from
the Aarons’ family. She is from the city and is a
misfit in the Appalachian community. However,
Jess and Leslie soon discover they are kindred
spirits and become fast friends. They feed off of
each other’s creativity and imagination, creating
the magical Kingdom of Terabithia in the woods
near their homes.
The friendship continues outside of Terabithia
as the constant companions endure schoolyard
teasing, hateful bullies, and an inquisitive younger
sibling. Everything comes to a tragic end when
Leslie drowns in an attempt to cross a creek while
swinging on a rope. As Jess struggles with his grief,
he realizes the need to keep Leslie’s memory alive
and knows he will continue the fantasy world with
his adoring little sister, May Bell. Note: Students
do not need to have read Bridge to Terabithia to
successfully participate in these lessons.
Lesson 1: Foreshadowing and
Flashback
Katherine Paterson’s beautiful but tragic Bridge to
Terabithia is a book of timeless themes: the strug-
gle for acceptance, the power of imagination,
the importance of family, and the uncertainty
of life to name a few. While the death of Leslie
Burke is a shock, the author somewhat prepared
the reader by foreshadowing the main character
drowning throughout the story.
Time Required: 30–40 minutes
Objectives:
The students will be introduced to the liter-
ary terms of foreshadowing and flashback.
Bridge to Terabithia
by | Lynne Farrell Stover
Library Lessons
January 2007 Web Resources LibrarySparks 1
Picture??
Grades
4–7
pf3
pf4
pf5
pf8

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Story Synopsis

Katherine Paterson’s Bridge to Terabithia won the Newbery Award in 1978. The book is the heartfelt story of eleven-year-old Jess Aarons who lives in a small community in rural Virginia. He dreams of being the fastest boy in his fifth grade class when school opens—and he’s willing to spend every morning of the summer vacation practicing his running with the hope of winning the respect of his classmates, his father’s approval, and some positive attention from his mother often focuses on the demands of his four sisters. The first day of school arrives and much to his dismay, the bold new girl, Leslie Burke, out races him and all the other boys. Jess tries to ignore Leslie, who recently moved into the old Perkins place, down the road from the Aarons’ family. She is from the city and is a misfit in the Appalachian community. However, Jess and Leslie soon discover they are kindred spirits and become fast friends. They feed off of each other’s creativity and imagination, creating the magical Kingdom of Terabithia in the woods near their homes. The friendship continues outside of Terabithia as the constant companions endure schoolyard teasing, hateful bullies, and an inquisitive younger sibling. Everything comes to a tragic end when Leslie drowns in an attempt to cross a creek while swinging on a rope. As Jess struggles with his grief, he realizes the need to keep Leslie’s memory alive and knows he will continue the fantasy world with his adoring little sister, May Bell. Note: Students do not need to have read Bridge to Terabithia to successfully participate in these lessons.

Lesson 1: Foreshadowing and

Flashback

Katherine Paterson’s beautiful but tragic Bridge to Terabithia is a book of timeless themes: the strug- gle for acceptance, the power of imagination, the importance of family, and the uncertainty of life to name a few. While the death of Leslie Burke is a shock, the author somewhat prepared the reader by foreshadowing the main character drowning throughout the story. Time Required: 30–40 minutes Objectives:

  • The students will be introduced to the liter- ary terms of foreshadowing and flashback.

Bridge to Terabithia

by | Lynne Farrell Stover

• Library Lessons •

January 2007 Web Resources • LibrarySparks1 Picture?? Grades 4–

Library Lessons

  • The students will be involved in an interac- tive activity that will reinforce the concepts introduced. Materials:
  • Foreshadowing and Flashback: Triumphs & Troubles in Terabithia visual (page 4)
  • Triumphs & Troubles Tic-Tac-Toe visual (page 5)
  • prepared activity cards (page 6)
  • transparency marker Directions:
  1. Prior to the lesson, photocopy the Foreshadowing and Flashback Game Cards and have them cut and ready for class. (Keep a master copy of the cards to identify the cor- rect answers.)
  2. Display the Foreshadowing visual. Read the information to the students.
  3. Ask the students if they can recall ever hav- ing read stories that used foreshadowing or flashback. (Flashback tends to be easier for the students to identify. Foreshadowing can be subtle and is not as identifiable.)
  4. Divide the students into two groups.
  5. Explain that the class is going to play a tic- tac-toe game using the information concern- ing foreshadowing and flashbacks.
  6. Display the Triumphs & Troubles Tic-Tac-Toe visual, read the directions, and go over the rules with the class.
  7. Play the game, following the directions and using the grid.
  8. Upon completion, congratulate the win- ning team and read any of the remaining Foreshadowing and Flashback Game Cards to check for understanding. Extension: Encourage the students to create their own foreshadowing and flashback cards based on favorite books to be used in other class tic-tac-toe games.

Lesson 2: Imaginary Places

The setting for Bridge to Terabithia is the raw and real rural Virginia of the 1970s. Young Jess and Leslie find a way to temporarily “divorce” them- selves from the reality of school situations and family stress when they fabricate their own pri- vate fantasy world created from books they have read and their extremely active imaginations. Time Required: 20–30 minutes Objectives:

  • The students will review the literary term “setting” and apply the definition to various fictional works.
  • The students will complete an assigned activ- ity sheet. Materials:
  • Imaginary Places visual (page 7)
  • Imaginary Places activity sheet (page 8)
  • writing tools
  • titles of the featured books for student check- out (optional) Procedure:
  1. Prepare the visual and activity sheets prior to class.
  2. Introduce the lesson by explaining that the setting of Bridge to Terabithia is in the “real world,” but the title of the book is based on an imaginary place.
  3. Display the visual. Read it with the students.
  4. Solicit responses concerning information about the listed imaginary places from the students. Possible replies include: Bedrock—from the cartoon series The Flintstones. Camelot—the location of King Arthur’s Knights of the Round Table. Dictionopolis & Digitopolis—the cities visited by Milo in Norton Juster’s The Phantom Tollbooth. Krypton—Superman’s home planet. 2LibrarySparks • January 2007 Web Resources

Foreshadowing and Flashback Triumphs & Troubles in Terabithia

Foreshadowing

When a writer foreshadows an event he or she uses clues or hints to tip off the
reader that something has just occurred that is going to matter later. Foreshadowing
is one of the ways a writer generates anticipation and prepares the reader for what is
coming next in the story.
“There were parts of the woods that Jess did not like. Dark places where it was almost
like being underwater, but he did not say so.”
This is an example of foreshadowing from Bridge to
Terabithia by Katherine Paterson. The author is giv-
ing the reader clues that the woods was not always
a friendly place and that being underwater might be
scary and dangerous.

Flashback

A writer uses a flashback when he or she wants
the reader to be aware of something that happened
before the beginning of the story. Flashbacks offer
information about the characters’ current situation
or make clear why certain things may be happening
in a story. When a flashback takes place, the chain of
events in a story is interrupted.
“But one day—April the twenty-second, a drizzly
Monday, it had been—he ran ahead of them all, the
red mud slooching up through the holes in the bot-
tom of his sneakers.”
This is an example of a flashback from Bridge to
Terabithia. Here the author takes the reader back in
time to the event that gave Jess a “taste for winning.”

4LibrarySparks • January 2007 Web Resources

January 2007 Web Resources • LibrarySparks5 Triumphs & Troubles in Terabithia Tic-Tac-Toe

1. Divide the class into two groups.
2. Decide which half will be the X group and which the O group.
3. The group with the oldest student in it will go first.
4. Draw a foreshadowing/flashback card from the deck and read it to the first group.
5. The group must identify it correctly as an example of either foreshadowing or flashback.
6. If they are correct, they may place an X or O on the grid. If they are incorrect, they
lose their turn.
7. Read a new card and give the second group an opportunity to identify it as an example of
either foreshadowing or flashback.
8. Repeat the pattern until one group succeeds in getting three X’s or O’s in a row.

x (^) O x x (^) O x

January 2007 Web Resources • LibrarySparks7 lmaginary Places

The SETTING of a story is time and place of the action.
In Bridge to Terabithia, the story’s characters live in the real world of rural Virginia in the 1970s.
However, Jess and Leslie, the main characters, create the imaginary Kingdom of Terabithia
where they can go to escape the care of school and family.
The world is full of fantastic places that exist only in our imagination. Do you recognize any
of these fictional settings?

Bedrock Camelot Dictionopolis & Digitopolis Krypton The Lost Island of Atlantis Olympus Tatooine Treasure Island

8LibrarySparks • January 2007 Web Resources lmaginary Places

Leslie Burke, a main character in Katherine Paterson’s Bridge to Terabithia loves to read. In fact,
the name she chooses for her secret place, the “Kingdom of Terabithia,” has a name similar
to the island Terebinthia, found in Narnia, a fantasy world created by C. S. Lewis.
Some authors create such interesting and imaginative settings, that these places become as
familiar to the reader as the story’s characters.
Can you match these imaginary places with the books in which they can be found?

Places

____ 1. Hogsmeade, Hogwarts, Diagon Alley
____ 2. The Emerald City, Yellow Brick Road, Forest of the Winged Monkeys
____ 3. Neverland, Mermaid’s Lagoon, Skull Rock
____ 4. Rabbit Hole, March Hare’s House, Queen of Hearts’ Garden
____ 5. Rivendell, Hobbiton, Mirkwood
____ 6. Lilliput, Brobdingnag, Laputa
____ 7. Cornucopia, Temple Ruins, Volcaneum
____ 8. Cair Paravel, Narnia, Beaversdam
____ 9. Carvahall, Varden, The Spine
____10. Camazotz, Planet Ixchel, Uriel

Books and Authors

A. The Hobbit by J. R. R. Tolkien
B. The Lion the Witch and the Wardrobe by C. S. Lewis
C. The Wonderful Wizard of Oz by L. Frank Baum
D. A Wrinkle in Time by Madeline L’Engle
E. Dinotopia: A Land Apart from Time by James Gurney
F. Peter Pan by J. M. Barrie
G. Eragon by Christopher Paolini
H. Gulliver’s Travels by Jonathan Swift
I. Alice in Wonderland by Lewis Carroll
J. Harry Potter and the Sorcerers Stone by J. K. Rowling