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BSNC 1000 Module 1 Exam with Verified
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Health - ✔✔- State of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity
- An old English word meaning "whole of body"
- Negative perspective: maximum health to death on a continuum
- Positive perspective: health and illness are distinct but interrelated
- WHO simplified definition: health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity
Compare and contrast varied perspectives on health. - ✔✔- There is more global consensus on what is poor health than what is good health
- Homeostasis: Maintenance of physiological, functional & social norms leading to adaptation & homeostasis
- Human Potential: Actualization of human potential through goal-directed behaviour, competent self- care & satisfying relationships with others; having a sense of purpose
- Harmony: Adjustment to maintain structural integrity and harmony with relevant environments; feeling connected to one's community
Compare & contrast perspectives on community in relation to health - ✔✔Community o People and relationships o Share = agencies, institutions, physical environment o Defined by: Geography
Common interest or focus Shared status or special interest group Political boundaries Can be a client (e.g. provincial health flu clinic for people 65 and older)
Within a community... o Population: refers to a large group of people who have at least E.g., BCIT students o Aggregate E.g., Students in BSN program o Cohort: time in common E.g., September 2019 BSN students
Define the concept of Population Health - ✔✔Measured by determinants of health &; health status indicators An approach to health that aims to improve the health of an entire population and looking at inequities in terms of health Improves the health of populations & decreased inequities Scope consists of t 5 elements (think of these as clients)
Sub components of Population Health - ✔✔-Health promotion It is the prevention of injury and disease that uses critical thinking to create change
Social support networks Education and literacy employment/working conditions Social environment Physical environment Personal health practices and coping skills healthy child development Biology and genes Health services Gender Culture
Social Determinants of Health - ✔✔The conditions in which people are born, grow, live, work, and age, shaped by the distribution of money, power, and resources at global, national, and local levels income/income distribution Education employment/working condition Early life Food insecurity Housing Health services Social exclusion Social safety net
unemployment//job security Indigenous status Gender Race Disability
Disease - ✔✔- Objective state of ill health & pathological process detected by medical science
- Abnormal changes in structure or functioning of the human body = medical model
- Follows an identifiable progression known as the course of a disease
Medical Diagnosis VS Nursing Diagnosis - ✔✔Medical Diagnosis (Dr. NP) Nursing Diagnosis MD / NP Strict protocol as previous slide Declares that an individual has a medical diagnosis or a disease
Nurses [non-NPs] Describe health care problems via clinical judgement Analysis: 1) strengths, 2) actual problems, 3) potential problems Flows into Practice of Nursing 1 KEY: nurses do NOT diagnose a medical condition or a disease, unless they are a nurse practitioner!
Primary Prevention - ✔✔Activities that try to prevent occurrence of disease/injury Aimed towards individuals, groups and populations that are susceptible
Epidemiological triad to hand washing - ✔✔Host: Hands Agent: Bacteria on hands Environment: Hospital
Epidemiological Tirade - ✔✔-Agent: factor (animate or inanimate) that must be present or lacking for a disease or condition to develop Biologic (bacteria, virus), chemical (poison, alcohol, smoke), physical (trauma, radiation, fire), nutritional (lack, excess) -Host: living species capable of being infected or affected by an agent Age, sex, race, genetic profile, previous diseases, immune stats, religion, customs, occupation, marital status, family background -Environment: all that is internal or external to a given host or agent and that is influenced by and influences the host and the agent o Temperature, humidity, altitude o Crowding, housing, neighbourhood o Water, milk, food o Radiation, pollution, noise o Access to care o Working conditions
web of causation - ✔✔Interrelationship of factors that interacts with one another to increase or decrease the risk of a disease
chain of infection - ✔✔infectious agent, reservoir, portal of exit, mode of transmission, portal of entry, susceptible host
Infectious agent: ie; bacteria, fungi, virus The potential for an organism to cause a disease depends on the number of organisms, virulence (ability to cause a problem in host), entering and surviving host, susceptibility of host Reservoir: area where pathogen can survive (may or may not multiply here) To thrive the pathogen needs: food, little/more 02, good temperature/pH, minimal light Portal of exit: pathogen needs to find way out to enter the host Modes of transmission: ie; health care providers hands Portal of entry: ie; break on skin Susceptible host: depends on the individual degree of resistance to the pathogen
