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BUL 4421 - Midterm Review: Business Law Concepts and Applications, Exams of Nursing

North Carolina Central University (NCCU)Nursing

A comprehensive review of key business law concepts and their applications in human resource management. It covers topics such as agency law, contracts, employment and labor law, discrimination, and the hierarchy of laws. The document also explores different schools of jurisprudence, including natural law, legal positivism, and legal realism. It includes exercises and questions to test understanding of the material.

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 02/11/2025

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BUL 4421 - Midterm Review Chapters 1-5, 7-9, 12
exam with verified solutions
1.Relevant |!|areas |!|of |!|business |!|law |!|applicable |!|to |!|human |!|resource |!|management |!|involve: |!|
Agency |!|law, |!|Contracts, |!|Employment |!|and |!|labor |!|law, |!|and |!|Employment |!|dis- |!|
crimination
2.Private |!|law: |!|Regulates |!|disputes |!|between |!|private |!|individuals |!|or |!|
groups |!|In |!|example: |!|dispute |!|between |!|landlord |!|and |!|tenant |!|governed |!|
by |!|private |!|law
3.Public |!|law: |!|Regulates |!|disputes |!|between |!|private |!|individuals |!|& |!|
government |!|In |!|Example: |!|Dumping |!|in |!|violation |!|of |!|state |!|of |!|federal |!|
environment |!|laws
4.Civil |!|Law: |!|Delineates |!|the |!|rights |!|and |!|responsibilities |!|implied |!|in |!|relationships
|!|be- |!|tween |!|persons |!|and |!|between |!|persons |!|and |!|their |!|government
5.Criminal |!|law: |!|Regulates |!|incidents |!|in |!|which |!|someone |!|commits |!|an |!|act |!|against |!|
the |!|public, |!|such |!|as |!|by |!|conducting |!|insider |!|trading |!|on |!|the |!| stock |!|exchange.
6.Hierarchy |!|of |!|laws: |!|U.S. |!|constitution |!|
Federal |!|statutes
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BUL 4421 - Midterm Review Chapters 1-5, 7-9, 12

exam with verified solutions

1. Relevant |!|areas |!|of |!|business |!|law |!|applicable |!|to |!|human |!|resource |!|management |!|involve: |!|

Agency |!|law, |!|Contracts, |!|Employment |!|and |!|labor |!|law, |!|and |!|Employment |!|dis- |!| crimination

  1. Private |!|law: |!| Regulates |!|disputes |!|between |!|private |!|individuals |!|or |!| groups |!|In |!|example: |!|dispute |!|between |!|landlord |!|and |!|tenant |!|governed |!| by |!|private |!|law
  2. Public |!|law: |!| Regulates |!|disputes |!|between |!|private |!|individuals |!|& |!| government |!|In |!|Example: |!|Dumping |!|in |!|violation |!|of |!|state |!|of |!|federal |!| environment |!|laws
  3. Civil |!|Law: |!| Delineates |!|the |!|rights |!|and |!|responsibilities |!|implied |!|in |!|relationships |!|be- |!|tween |!|persons |!|and |!|between |!|persons |!|and |!|their |!|government
  4. Criminal |!|law: |!| Regulates |!|incidents |!|in |!|which |!|someone |!|commits |!|an |!|act |!|against |!| the |!|public, |!|such |!|as |!|by |!|conducting |!|insider |!|trading |!|on |!|the |!|stock |!|exchange.
  5. Hierarchy |!|of |!|laws: |!| U.S. |!|constitution |!| Federal |!|statutes

State |!|statutes |!| Common |!|law

  1. Common |!|Law: |!| Collection |!|of |!|legal |!|interpretations |!|made |!|by |!|judges, |!|and |!|are |!| law |!|unless |!|revoked |!|by |!|new |!|statutory |!|law
  2. Precedent: |!| past |!|decisions |!|in |!|similar |!|cases |!|that |!|guide |!|later |!|decisions |!| thereby |!|providing |!|greater |!|stability |!|and |!|predictability |!|to |!|the |!|law
  3. Stare |!|Decisis: |!| when |!|courts |!|rely |!|on |!|precedent, |!|they |!|are |!|obeying |!|the |!| principle |!|of |!|stare |!|decisis |!|("standing |!|by |!|their |!|decision"), |!|in |!|which |!|rulings |!| made |!|in |!|higher |!|courts |!|become |!|binding |!|precedent |!|for |!|lower |!|courts
  4. Restatement |!|of |!|the |!|law: |!| summaries |!|of |!|common |!|law |!|rules |!|in |!|a |!|particular |!| area |!|of |!|the |!|law |!|that |!|have |!|been |!|enacted |!|in |!|most |!|states
  5. Schools |!|of |!|Jurisprudence: |!| Natural |!|Law |!| Legal |!|Positivism Identification |!|with |!|the |!| Vulnerable |!|Historical |!|School Legal |!|Realism Cost-Benefit |!|Analysis
  6. Natural |!|Law: |!| describes |!|certain |!|ethical |!|laws |!|and |!|principals |!|believed |!|to |!|be |!| morally |!|right |!|and |!|"above" |!|the |!|laws |!|devised |!|by |!|humans
  7. Legal |!|positivism: |!| sees |!|our |!|proper |!|role |!|as |!|obedience |!|to |!|duly |!|authorized |!|law, |!|
  1. Historical |!|School: |!| following |!|tradition |!|or |!|custom |!|to |!|shape |!|the |!|law, |!|closely |!| linked |!|with |!|the |!|doctrine |!|of |!|stare |!|decisis
  2. Legal |!|Realism: |!| judges |!|should |!|consider |!|more |!|than |!|just |!|the |!|law; |!|consider |!| factors |!|such |!|as |!|social |!|and |!|economic |!|conditions
  3. Cost |!|Benefit |!|Analysis: |!| if |!|law |!|yields |!|more |!|benefits |!|than |!|costs |!|then |!|we |!| saved |!|resources |!|we |!|can |!|use |!|to |!|obtain |!|more |!|goods |!|and |!|services
  4. Business |!|Ethics: |!| The |!|application |!|of |!|ethics |!|to |!|the |!|special |!|problems |!|and |!| oppor- |!|tunities |!|experienced |!|by |!|business |!|people. |!|the |!|legality |!|of |!|the |!|decision |!| in |!|choosing a |!|method |!|of |!|production, |!|how |!|to |!|compete |!|with |!|competing |!|firms, |!|and |!|the |!|social |!| responsibilities |!|of |!|the |!|firm |!|is |!|the |!|minimal |!|standard |!|that |!|must |!|be |!|met
  5. WPH |!|Framework |!|for |!|Business |!|Ethics: |!| 1.* |!|Who* |!|the |!|decision |!|impacts |!|(stake- |!| holders) 2.Purpose |!|of |!|the |!|decisions 3.How |!|to |!|make |!|the |!|decisions |!|(i.e. |!|guidelines)
  6. Stakeholders: |!| the |!|many |!|groups |!|of |!|people |!|affected |!|by |!|the |!|firm's |!| decisions, |!|including |!|but |!|not |!|limited |!|to: Owners |!|or |!|shareholder |!| Employees

Customers |!| Management The |!|general |!|community |!|where |!|the |!|firm |!|operates |!| Future |!|generations

  1. Values: |!| positive |!|abstractions |!|that |!|capture |!|our |!|sense |!|of |!|what |!|is |!|good' |!|or |!| desir- |!|able. |!|They |!|are |!|ideas |!|that |!|underlie |!|conversations |!|about |!|business |!| ethics. |!|We |!|derive |!|our |!|ethics |!|from |!|the |!|interplay |!|of |!|it. |!|It |!|represent |!|our |!| understanding |!|of |!|the |!|purposes |!|we |!|will |!|fulfill |!|by |!|making |!|decisions.
  2. Values: |!| When |!|we |!|think |!|about |!|the |!|ultimate |!|reason |!|or |!|purpose |!|for |!|why |!|we |!| make |!|decisions |!|in |!|a |!|business |!|firm, |!|we |!|turn |!|to |!|the |!|basic |!|unit |!|of |!|business |!| ethics
  3. How |!|do |!|we |!|make |!|Ethical |!|Business |!|Decisions?: |!| Golden |!|Rule, |!|Public |!|Disclo- |!| sure, |!|Universalization |!|test
  4. Golden |!|Rule: |!| Do |!|unto |!|others |!|as |!|you |!|would |!|have |!|them |!|do |!|unto |!|you
  5. Public |!|Disclosure: |!| if |!|the |!|public |!|knew |!|about |!|this |!|decision, |!|how |!|would |!|you |!| de- |!|cide?
  6. Universalization |!|Test: |!| What |!|would |!|the |!|world |!|be |!|like |!|were |!|our |!|decision |!| copied |!|by |!|everyone |!|else?
  7. Theories |!|of |!|Business |!|Ethics: |!| Ethical |!|Realism, |!|Absolutism, |!|Consequentialism, |!| Utilitarianism, |!|Deontology, |!|Categorical |!|Imperative, |!|Principle |!|of |!|Rights, |!|Virtue |!|
  1. Ethical |!|Realism: |!| a |!|theory |!|of |!|ethics |!|that |!|denies |!|the |!|existence |!|of |!|objective |!| stan- |!|dards, |!|instead |!|individuals |!|must |!|evaluate |!|actions |!|based |!|what |!|they |!|feel |!|is |!|best |!|for |!|themselves
  2. Absolutism: |!| requires |!|that |!|individuals |!|defer |!|to |!|a |!|set |!|of |!|rules |!|to |!|guide |!|them |!|in |!| the |!|ethical |!|decision-making |!|process
  3. Consequentialism: |!| general |!|approach |!|to |!|ethical |!|dilemmas |!|that |!|requires |!| inquiry |!|about |!|the |!|consequences |!|of |!|the |!|decision
  4. Utilitarianism: |!| Urges |!|managers |!|to |!|take |!|those |!|actions |!|that |!|provide |!|the |!| greatest |!|pleasure |!|after |!|having |!|subtracted |!|the |!|pain |!|or |!|harm |!|associated |!|with |!| the |!|action |!|in |!|question
  5. Deontology: |!| acting |!|based |!|on |!|the |!|recognition |!|that |!|certain |!|actions |!|are |!| right |!|or |!|wrong, |!|regardless |!|of |!|their |!|consequences.
  6. Categorical |!|Imperative: |!| an |!|action |!|is |!|moral |!|only |!|if |!|it |!|would |!|be |!|consistent |!| for |!|everyone |!|in |!|society |!|to |!|act |!|in |!|the |!|same |!|way
  7. Principle |!|of |!|rights: |!| whether |!|a |!|business |!|decision |!|is |!|ethical |!|depends |!|on |!|how |!| the |!|decision |!|affects |!|all |!|those |!|involved
  8. Virtue |!|Ethics: |!| the |!|development |!|of |!|virtues, |!|or |!|positive |!|character |!|traits |!| such |!|as |!|courage, |!|justice, |!|and |!|truthfulness, |!|is |!|the |!|basis |!|for |!|morality
  9. Jury |!|Selection: |!| voir |!|dire |!|and |!|peremptory |!|challenges
  1. voir |!|dire: |!| This |!|process |!|selects |!|the |!|jurors |!|who |!|will |!|decide |!|the |!|case |!|as |!|well |!| two |!|or |!|three |!|"alternate |!|jurors"
  2. Peremptory |!|Challenges: |!| Allow |!|a |!|party |!|to |!|challenge |!|a |!|certain |!|number |!|of |!|poten- |!|tial |!|jurors |!|without |!|giving |!|a |!|reason; |!|to |!|get |!|them |!|off |!|the |!|case.Exception |!|- |!|a |!|party |!| cannot |!|use |!|a |!|peremptory |!|challenge |!|based |!|solely |!|on |!|race |!|or |!|gender
  3. trial |!|court: |!| Courts |!|of |!|original |!|jurisdiction |!|have |!|the |!|power |!|to |!|hear |!|and |!| decides |!|cases |!|when |!|first |!|enter |!|the |!|legal |!|system
  4. Appellate |!|Courts: |!| power |!|to |!|review |!|previous |!|judicial |!|decisions |!|to |!| determine |!|whether |!|the |!|trial |!|courts |!|erred |!|in |!|decisions
  5. Appellate |!|Courts: |!| concerned |!|primarily |!|with |!|questions |!|of |!|law
  6. Question |!|of |!|Law: |!| issue |!|concerning |!|application |!|of |!|a |!|law
  7. Question |!|of |!|Fact: |!| question |!|about |!|an |!|event |!|of |!|a |!|case
  8. Exclusive |!|Jurisdiction: |!| only |!|federal |!|courts |!|can |!|hear |!|the |!|case
  9. Concurrent |!|Federal |!|Jurisdiction: |!| both |!|federal |!|and |!|state |!|courts |!|can |!|hear |!|the |!| case Federal |!|courts |!|have |!|exclusive |!|jurisdiction |!|over |!|claims |!|arising |!|under |!|federal |!| statutes |!|that |!|specify |!|exclusive |!|federal |!|jurisdiction, |!|including |!|some |!|civil |!| matters, |!|and |!|federal |!|courts |!|at |!|times |!|have |!|concurrent |!|federal |!|jurisdiction |!| meaning |!|that |!|both |!|state |!|and |!|federal |!|courts |!|have |!|jurisdiction |!|over |!|a |!|case.

the |!|defendant |!|fails |!|to |!|answer |!|the |!|complaint |!|and |!|the |!|Plaintiff's |!|complaint |!| alleges |!|facts |!|that |!|would |!|support |!|such |!|a |!|judgment.

  1. Motion |!|for |!|judgment |!|on |!|the |!|Pleadings: |!| Motion |!|for |!|judgment |!|on |!|the |!|Pleadings
  • never |!|an |!|answer |!|on |!|the |!|midterm The |!|motion |!|is |!|a |!|request |!|for |!|the |!|court |!|to |!|consider |!|that |!|all |!|the |!|facts |!|in |!|the |!| pleadings |!|are |!|true |!|and |!|to |!|apply |!|the |!|law |!|to |!|those |!|facts. The |!|court |!|grants |!|the |!|Motion |!|if, |!|after |!|this |!|process, |!|it |!|finds |!|that |!|the |!|only
  1. Motion |!|for |!|Summary |!|Judgment |!|("MSJ"): |!| The |!|Motion |!|asserts |!|that |!|no |!|factual |!| disputes |!|exist |!|and |!|that |!|if |!|the |!|Judge |!|applied |!|the |!|law |!|to |!|the |!|undisputed |!|facts, |!| her |!|only |!|reasonable |!|decision |!|would |!|be |!|in |!|favor |!|of |!|the |!|moving |!|party. the |!|difference |!|between |!|MS] |!|and |!|Motion |!|for |!|Judgment |!|on |!|the |!|Pleadings |!|is |!| that |!|in |!|a |!|MSJ, |!|the |!|moving |!|party |!|may |!|use |!|affidavits, |!|relevant |!|documents, |!| and |!|deposition |!|transcripts |!|or |!|interrogatories |!|in |!|support |!|of |!|the |!|Motion |!|(i.e., |!| extrinsic |!|evidence |!|is |!|considered)
  2. Discovery: |!| How |!|the |!|Parties |!|Gather |!|Information
  3. Interrogatories: |!| written |!|questions |!|that |!|one |!|party |!|send |!|to |!|the |!|other |!|party |!| to |!|be |!|answered |!|under |!|oath
  4. request |!|to |!|produce |!|documents: |!| forces |!|the |!|opposing |!|party |!|to |!|turn |!|over |!|certain |!| information |!|unless |!|it |!|is |!|privileged |!|or |!|irrelevant |!|to |!|the |!|case
  1. Deposition: |!| attorneys |!|examine |!|a |!|witness |!|under |!|oath, |!|and |!|a |!|court |!| reporter |!|records |!|every |!|word |!|the |!|witness |!|speaks
  2. Alternative |!|Dispute |!|Resolution |!|(ADR): |!| the |!|resolution |!|of |!|legal |!|disputes |!|through |!| methods |!|other |!|than |!|litigation, |!|such |!|as |!|negotiation, |!|mediation, |!|arbitration, |!| summary |!|jury |!|trials, |!|minitrials, |!|early |!|neutral |!|case |!|evaluations, |!|and |!|private |!| trials. |!|Usually |!|ADR |!|is |!|less |!|expensive |!|and |!|less |!|time-consuming |!|than |!|litigation
  3. Arbitration: |!| The |!|resolution |!|of |!|a |!|dispute |!|by |!|a |!|neutral |!|third |!|party |!|outside |!|of |!|the |!|judicial |!|setting Often |!|a |!|voluntary |!|process |!|in |!|that |!|parties |!|typically |!|have |!|a |!|contractual |!| agreement |!|to |!|arbitrate |!|any |!|disputes The |!|arbitration |!|agreement |!|may |!|stipulate |!|how |!|the |!|arbitrator |!|will |!|be |!|selected |!|and |!| how |!|the |!|hearing |!|will |!|be |!|administered
  4. Arbitration |!|Hearing: |!| similar |!|to |!|trial. |!|Both |!|parties |!|present |!|their |!|case |!|to |!|a |!| neutral |!|third-party; |!|they |!|may |!|represent |!|themselves |!|or |!|use |!|legal |!|counsel.
  5. Arbitrator's |!|Award: |!| The |!|arbitrator |!|typically |!|proxides |!|a |!|decision |!|within |!| 30 |!| days |!|of |!|the |!|arbitration |!|hearing. |!|The |!|arbitrator's |!|decision |!|is |!|called |!|an |!|award, |!|even |!|if |!|no |!|monetary |!|compensation |!|is |!|awarded.
  6. Arbitration |!|Advantages: |!| (1) |!|more |!|efficient |!|& |!|less |!|expensive |!|than |!|litigation. (2)parties |!|have |!|more |!|control |!|over |!|the |!|process.

all |!|disputes |!|arising |!|under |!|the |!|contract |!|must |!|be |!|settled |!|by |!|arbitration

  1. Submission |!|Agreement: |!| a |!|contract |!|providing |!|that |!|a |!|specific |!|dispute |!|will |!| be |!|resolved |!|through |!|arbitration
  2. Unconscionability: |!| A |!|constraint |!|on |!|binding |!|arbitration |!|clauses |!|is |!|that |!|they |!| must |!|be |!|drafted |!|in |!|such |!|a |!|way |!|as |!|to |!|ensure |!|that |!|the |!|courts |!|do |!|not |!|see |!| them |!|as |!|being |!|unconscionable.
  3. An |!|unconscionable |!|contract |!|provision: |!| has |!|been |!|defined |!|as |!|one |!|in |!|which |!| the |!|terms |!|are |!|"manifestly |!|unfair |!|or |!|oppressive |!|and |!|are |!|dictated |!|by |!|a |!| dominant |!|party."Unconscionable |!|contract |!|provisions |!|will |!|not |!|be |!|enforced |!| by |!|the |!|Courts
  4. Court-Annexed |!|ADR: |!| Programs |!|whereby |!|courts |!|encourage |!|or |!|mandate |!| that |!|parties |!|use |!|some |!|form |!|of |!|ADR |!|before |!|they |!|bring |!|a |!|dispute |!|to |!|trial The |!|most |!|popular |!|Court-Annexed |!|ADR |!|in |!|the |!|Federal |!|Court |!|System |!|is |!| Mediation
  5. Federalism: |!| According |!|to |!|the |!|10th |!|Amendment |!|to |!|the |!|U.S. |!|Constitution, |!|all |!|powers |!|that |!|the |!|Constitution |!|neither |!|gives |!|exclusively |!|to |!|the |!|Federal |!| Government |!|nor |!|takes |!|from |!|the |!|states |!|are |!|reserved |!|for |!|the |!|states. |!|Because |!| the |!|Federal |!|Gov't |!|has |!|only |!|those |!|powers |!|granted |!|to |!|it |!|by |!|the |!|Constitution, |!| federal |!|legislation |!|that |!|affects |!|business |!|must |!|be |!|based |!|on |!|an |!|expressed |!| grant |!|of |!|authority.

searches |!|of |!|individuals |!|and |!|seizing |!|their |!|property |!|to |!|use |!|as |!|evidence |!| against |!|them

  1. Search |!|Warrant: |!| a |!|court |!|order |!|that |!|authorizes |!|law |!|enforcement |!|agents |!|to |!| search |!|for |!|or |!|seize |!|items |!|specifically |!|described |!|in |!|the |!|warrant.

Gov't |!|officials |!|can |!|obtain |!|search |!|warrants |!|only |!|if |!|they |!|can |!|show |!|probable |!|cause |!|to |!|believe |!|that |!|the |!|search |!|warrant |!|will |!|uncover |!|specific |!|evidence |!|of |!|criminal |!| activity

  1. Fifth |!|Amendment: |!| First, |!|it |!|protects |!|against |!|self-incrimination, |!|meaning |!|that |!|in |!|a |!|criminal |!|case, |!|the |!|defendant |!|does |!|not |!|have |!|to |!|testify |!|in |!|court |!|as |!|a |!| witness |!|against |!|himself |!|or |!|herself. |!|The |!|Fifth |!|Amendment |!|also |!|protects |!|against |!| double |!|jeopardy; |!|thus, |!|government |!|cannot |!|try |!|a |!|person |!|more |!|than |!|once |!|for |!|the |!|same |!|crime. |!|It |!|also |!|contains |!|the |!|important |!|protections |!|of |!|the |!|due |!|process |!| clause
  2. Fifth |!|Amendment |!|- |!|Due |!|Process: |!| Government |!|cannot |!|deprive |!|a |!|person |!|of |!|life, |!| liberty, |!|or |!|property |!|without |!|due |!|process |!|of |!|law (1)Procedural |!|Due |!|Process |!|- |!|requires |!|the |!|Gov't |!|use |!|fair |!|procedures, |!|at |!|a |!| minimum |!|entitles |!|a |!|person |!|to |!|notice |!|of |!|any |!|legal |!|action |!|against |!|him/her |!|and |!| the |!|opportunity |!|to |!|be |!|heard |!|at |!|a |!|hearing |!|before |!|an |!|impartial |!|tribunal (2)Substantive |!|Due |!|Process |!|- |!|refers |!|to |!|the |!|basic |!|fairness |!|of |!|laws |!|that |!|may |!| deprive |!|an |!|individual |!|of |!|life, |!|liberty, |!|or |!|property
  3. Fourteenth |!|Amendment |!|Due |!|Process |!|Clause: |!|Strict |!|Scrutiny: |!| if |!|a |!|law |!|pre- |!|vents |!| individuals |!|from |!|exercising |!|a |!|fundamental |!|right, |!|or |!|if |!|the |!|law's |!| classification |!|scheme |!|involves |!|suspect |!|classifications |!|based |!|on |!|race, |!|
  1. Robbery: |!| the |!|forceful |!|and |!|unlawful |!|taking |!|of |!|personal |!|property
  2. Burglary: |!| occurs |!|when |!|someone |!|unlawfully |!|enters |!|a |!|building |!|with |!|the |!| intent |!|to |!|commit |!|a |!|felony
  1. Larceny: |!| the |!|secretive |!|and |!|wrongful |!|taking |!|and |!|carrying |!|away |!|of |!|the |!| personal |!|property |!|of |!|another |!|with |!|the |!|intent |!|to |!|permanently |!|deprive |!|the |!| rightful |!|owner |!|of |!|its |!|possession
  2. False |!|Pretenses: |!| (a |!|type |!|of |!|fraud) |!|the |!|illegal |!|obtaining |!|of |!|property |!| belonging |!|to |!|another |!|through |!|materially |!|false |!|representations |!|of |!|an |!|existing |!| fact, |!|with |!|knowledge |!|of |!|their |!|falsity |!|and |!|intent |!|to |!|defraud
  3. Forgery: |!| the |!|fraudulent |!|making |!|or |!|altering |!|of |!|any |!|writing |!|in |!|a |!|way |!|that |!| changes |!|the |!|legal |!|rights |!|and |!|liabilities |!|of |!|another
  4. Embezzlement: |!| the |!|wrongful |!|conversion |!|of |!|another's |!|property |!|by |!|one |!| lawfully |!|in |!|possession |!|of |!|it
  5. Fourth |!|Amendment |!|Protections: |!| 2 |!|important |!|safeguards, |!|(i) |!|protection |!|from |!| unreasonable |!|search |!|and |!|seizure, |!|and |!|(li) |!|restrictions |!|on |!|warrants. |!|Gov't |!| officials |!|are |!|not |!|allowed |!|to |!|perform |!|any |!|searches |!|without |!|a |!|proper |!|warrant |!| or |!|without |!|probable |!|cause |!|for |!|a |!|search. |!|Before |!|an |!|arrest |!|warrant |!|may |!|be |!| issued |!|the |!|gov't |!|must |!|demonstrate |!|probable |!|cause |!|that |!|the |!|crime |!|occurred. |!| Fourth |!|Amendment |!|therefore |!|protects |!|an |!|individual's |!|privacy
  6. Fifth |!|Amendment |!|Protections: |!| double |!|jeopardy, |!|right |!|to |!|remain |!|silent, |!| and |!|guaranty |!|of |!|due |!|process.
  7. Double |!|Jeopardy: |!| prohibits |!|govt |!|from |!|re-trying |!|a |!|defendant |!|for |!|the |!|