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Intrinsic Rewards
Personal satisfaction felt for a job well done. Kinds of Intrinsic Rewards:Pride in your performance Sense of achievement TERM 2
Extrinsic Rewards
DEFINITION 2 Something given as a recognition of good work. Kinds of Extrinsic Rewards: Pay Raises Promotions Awards TERM 3
Taylor's Scientific Management
DEFINITION 3 Studying workers to determine the most efficient ways of doing things and then teaching those techniques TERM 4
Three Key Elements to Increase Productivity:
DEFINITION 4 Time Methods of Work Rules of Work TERM 5
Time-Motion Studies
DEFINITION 5 Studies of which tasks must be performed to complete a job and the time needed to do each task
Principle of Motion Economy
Time-Motion Studies led to the development of this; Every job can be broken down into a series of elementary motions; developed by Frank and Lillian Gilbreth TERM 7
Hawthorne Effect
DEFINITION 7 People act differently when they know they are being studied TERM 8
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
DEFINITION 8 Theory of motivation based on unmet human needs from basic physiological needs to safety, social and esteem needs to self-actualization needs. Needs that have already been met do not motivate. If a need is filled, another higher-level need emerges TERM 9
Motivators
DEFINITION 9 Job factors that cause employees to be productive and that give them satisfaction TERM 10
Hygiene Factors
DEFINITION 10 Job factors that can cause dissatisfaction if missing but that do not necessarily motivate employees if increased
Management by Objectives (MBO)
Involves a cycle of discussion, review and evaluation of objectives among top and middle-level managers, supervisors and employee. Managers formulate goals in cooperation with everyone Need to monitor results and reward achievement TERM 17
Expectancy Theory
DEFINITION 17 The amount of effort employees exert on a specific task depends on their expectations of the outcome Employees ask: Can I accomplish the task?- Expectancy Whats my reward? (and will accomplishment of the task lead to the reward)- Instrumentality Is the reward worth the effort?- Valence If any element is zero, motivation is zero TERM 18
Reinforcement Theory
DEFINITION 18 Positive and negative reinforcers (and extinction) motivate a person to behave in certain ways Positive reinforcement: includes praise, pay increases and recognition Negative reinforcement: includes reprimands, reduced pay, and layoff or firing TERM 19
Equity Theory
DEFINITION 19 Employees try to maintain equity between inputs and outputs compared to others in similar positions Workers often base perception of their outcomes to a specific person or group Perceived inequities can lead to reduced quality and productivity, absenteeism even resignation Not to mention lower motivation for all TERM 20
Job Enrichment
DEFINITION 20 A motivational strategy that emphasizes motivating the worker through the job itself (completing a task from beginning to end)
KEY CHARACTERISTICS of WORK
1.Skill Variety 2.Task Identity 3.Task Significance 4.Autonomy 5.Feedback TERM 22
Job Rotation
DEFINITION 22 A job enrichment strategy that involves moving employees from one job to another TERM 23
Job Enlargement
DEFINITION 23 A job enrichment strategy that involves combining a series of tasks into one challenging and interesting assignment TERM 24
RECOGNIZING GOOD WORK
DEFINITION 24 Recognition can include: Raises, Paid time off, Flexible scheduling, Work from home opportunities, Paid child or elder care, Stock options or profit sharing, Company awards, Company events or teams TERM 25
Baby Boomers (1946 1964)
DEFINITION 25 Experienced great economic prosperity, job security, optimism about their future
