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Business Intelligence and Analytics Final Exam
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Which of the following statements is generally NOT ACCURATE about business intelligence, as discussed in class? - ✔✔It is more useful in strategic than in tactical settings Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of System 1 thinking? - ✔✔Explicit Ackoff (Management Misinformation Systems, 1967) describes information overload as.. - ✔✔An overabundance of irrelevant information Knowledge which is codified, verbalized, accessible, and easily communicated is... - ✔✔Explicit Dr. Mendoza obsessed over whether questions on this test were fair and clear (he was much less concerned with 'easy'). He is likely a(n)... - ✔✔Maximizer Davenport (2006) describes it, among other things, as developing standard formats, storage policies and access policies, archival procedures, and proper owners and users - ✔✔A data strategy Which of the following is NOT one of the three key attributes among analytics competitors discussed in Davenport (2006)? - ✔✔Enterprise-wide use of descriptive statistics "I knew it!" is a response typical of the ___ heuristic - ✔✔Confirmation Per class discussion, the use of data visualization techniques is largely a hallmark of.. - ✔✔Business Intelligence Per class discussion, business intelligence tools and techniques are focused more on... - ✔✔Describing what has happened
Davenport (2006) claims successful analytics competitors look well beyond the use of... - ✔✔Descriptive statistics _____ knowledge is not typically codified, verbalized, accessible, or easily communicated - ✔✔Implicit Which of the following heuristics is NOT one of the four major ones discussed in class? - ✔✔Simplification Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of System 2 thinking? - ✔✔Effortless Business analytics is sometimes described as "focused on self-service." Which of the statements below captures the essence of that statement? - ✔✔There are no 'canned' reports provided to users Which of the following statements is generally ACCURATE? - ✔✔Analytics are more useful in strategic than in tactical settings It uses the sum of the products of relative weights and ratings for individual criteria to evaluate options and make an optimal choice - ✔✔Alternative evaluation matrix Business _____ is/are focused on self-service - ✔✔Analytics ______ analytics focuses on describing events which have already taken place - ✔✔Descriptive Some students may have crammed for this exam and not spent the necessary weekly amount of time to succeed. With respect to their grade, they may be most accurately classified - ✔✔Satisficers Which of the following is NOT one of the five unjustifiable assumptions in IS design according to Ackoff (1867)? - ✔✔Computing power and storage improve every year
Which of the following is NOT an appropriate descriptor of prescriptive analytics? - ✔✔Reports-based _________ analytics focuses on future events and is probabilistic in nature - ✔✔Predictive _______ analytics focuses on making recommendations and on their likely results - ✔✔Prescriptive The Effect Heuristic helps us make decisions based on... - ✔✔An emotional response Davenport's (2006) description of the right technology as a source of strength explicitly includes... - ✔✔A proper data strategy According to Davenport (2006), the use of descriptive statistics is sufficient for any firm - ✔✔False Which of the following is NOT an accurate description of heuristic? - ✔✔They do not solve a problem Per Davenport (2015), ____ is based on, uses, and also creates data - ✔✔A data-enriched product The Alternative Evaluation Matrix is... - ✔✔A tool Defining the problem, identifying and weighing the criteria for solutions, generating and rating alternatives, and computing the optimal decision are the six steps of... - ✔✔Rational decision-making Explicit knowledge is communicated directly, but implicit is not - ✔✔True Per Ackoff (1967), the issue with the assumption he describes is that... - ✔✔The system is not designed properly Heuristics... - ✔✔Involve trial-and-error
Davenport (2006) calls this the process of identifying, recruiting, developing, and retaining talent - ✔✔The right people This is not one of the 3 categories of business/data analytics discussed in class - ✔✔Integrative Which of the following does not accurately describe one of the five essential principles for understanding data analytics in Davenport (2015)? - ✔✔Keeping quantitative people away from business managers As discussed and confirmed in class - ✔✔Tables A & B are the same length Ross (2003) describes the architecture stage as characterized data formats and optimized business processes - ✔✔Rationalized data In Ch. 2 of our book, a finding by Griffin & Varey (1996) found that overconfidence... - ✔✔Is not only marked but nearly universal Policies, practices, and technologies to encourage sound practices in the overall management of availability, usability, integrity, and security of corporate digital assets - ✔✔Data governance The tendency to believe our judgments and decisions are very accurate - ✔✔Overprecision The early days of commercial computing development, according to Gannon (2013) - ✔✔Pioneering Age The belief we are smarter, more capable, attractive, popular, etc. than we really are - ✔✔Overestimation Which of the following DOES NOT accurately capture the implications of Moore's Law? - ✔✔Extracting meaning from unstructured data is now a simple task
Generalizing to a large data set what may only be true for a small one - ✔✔Insensitivity to Sample Size Bias According to Davenport (2013), the "era of big data" is - ✔✔Analytics 2. Which of the following is a better definition of corporate IT infrastructure? - ✔✔A set of currently- deployed assets Which of the following describes overplacement more accurately? - ✔✔Believing your skills are better than everyone else's Belief that random events must look and feel random - ✔✔Misconception of Chance Bias Which of the following Moore's Law descriptors is not accurate? - ✔✔Storage is more irrelevant The effortlessness with which vivid and/or recent stories, events, or facts influence our perceptions - ✔✔Ease of Recall Bias Which of the following DOES NOT describe the "rationalization" of data and processes according to Ross 2003? - ✔✔Providing reasons for the failure of a system due to poor data or processes Which of these is not one of the ages in the development of commercial computing as described by Gannon (2013)? - ✔✔Commodity CMM stage characterized by very few formal processes - ✔✔Initial Which of the following is a better definition of corporate IT architecture? - ✔✔A set of plans for delivering services
Belief that extraordinary events will continue to repeat themselves without justifiable cause - ✔✔Regression to the Mean Bias The false propensity to see an event as predictable after it occurs - ✔✔Confirmation Trap Bias The belief that several specific conditions are more probable than a single general one - ✔✔Conjunction Fallacy Bias Which of the following characteristics does not accurately describe the Standardized Technology Architecture stage (Ross 2003)? - ✔✔Total elimination of silo applications According to Gannon (2013), the _____ age marks the time when there was no longer a question about the value and permanence of the IS function in corporations - ✔✔Distribution CMM stage characterized by basic, consistent processes - ✔✔Repeatable According to Davenport (2013), the "era of business intelligence" was/is - ✔✔Analytics 1. Interpreting information seeking to validate preconceptions - ✔✔Confirmation Trap Bias When the use of an initial piece of information influences subsequent judgments - ✔✔Anchoring Bias Ross (2003) describes this stage as characterized by centralization of shared IT services - ✔✔Standardized Technology Architecture According to Davenport (2013), 'data products' are not only made of data but also - ✔✔Create more data and use it in the product itself CMM stage characterized by proactive process improvement - ✔✔Optimizing
Per McAfee & Brynjolfsson (2012), Big Data is created in large quantities very quickly - ✔✔True Which of the following does NOT accurately describe Hadoop? - ✔✔A large centralized database The state of being in agreement with a set of laws is known as... - ✔✔Compliance Hadoop component which runs opportunistically to solve queries which may not conform well to batch data selection - ✔✔YARN An enterprise data warehouse combines... - ✔✔Many corporate databases Which of the following is correct about ISO 27K? - ✔✔It is a set of best practices In Mayhew et al. (2016), data analytics is called a "quintessential business matter" because... - ✔✔The business owns data governance McAfee & Brynjolfsson (2012), describe different data formats characteristic of Big Data as... - ✔✔Variety Which of these is NOT an accurate descriptor of an EDW? - ✔✔Transaction-oriented Big Data environments grow by using more, rather than larger, servers. This is described as... - ✔✔Horizontal Scalability The process of evaluating evidence regarding system reliability and integrity - ✔✔Audit An EDW may be... - ✔✔Any of the above Thinking of an EDW as _____ means it is correct to think of it as being made of IT, IS, policies, and procedures - ✔✔Process & Technology
Which of these is NOT a benefit of a federated database? - ✔✔Brings simplicity to DB environment Hadoop's data redundancy offers ___ of service, a type or service reliability - ✔✔Graceful degradation Which of these is NOT an appropriate descriptor of a federated database? - ✔✔It guarantees data consistency Which of the following does not describe ISO 27000 appropriately? - ✔✔Eliminate the probability of an unwanted event A non-relational DB primarily used in Big Data environments - ✔✔NoSQL In a Hadoop environment, ____ helps lower costs and enables distributed redundancy - ✔✔Commodity Hardware Which of the following is not one of the goals of an IS audit? - ✔✔Identify parties responsible for a system breach ISO 27000 was created by... - ✔✔Basel McAfee & Brynjolfsson (2012), describe the amount of data characteristic of Big Data as... - ✔✔Volume The probability of an unwanted event actually occurring is defined as... - ✔✔Risk When Mayhew et al. (2016) list "translators" as critical to a company's data analytics efforts they are talking about people who can... - ✔✔Make the connections between IT, analytics, and business needs Of these Hadoop components, the one which helps keep track of where the data actually is... - ✔✔HDFS
As a group, server collections in a Hadoop environment are known as... - ✔✔Clusters Policies and practices implemented to reduce exposure to an organization - ✔✔Controls Category of controls which makes it more difficult for unauthorized access or use to occur - ✔✔Prevent An audit which evaluates the accuracy of a system's descriptor - ✔✔Type I A type II financial audit may also be described as a(n)... - ✔✔SOC I Which of the following is not generally a data warehouse characteristic? - ✔✔Dynamic The process of data selection, reformatting, and storage in an EDW - ✔✔ETL Bounded Ethicality - ✔✔Unethical behavior inconsistent with one's own ethics model (illegal music/movie download) Utilitarianism - ✔✔Morally determined by ethics of action, maximization of utility for population (trolley example) Deontological Ethics - ✔✔Morality determined by adherence to rules (some people are alive only because it is illegal to kill them) Motivated Blindness - ✔✔Incentive to overlook data Implicit Attitudes - ✔✔Evaluations that occur without conscious awareness towards an attitude, object, or self. Favorable or unfavorable
Framing - ✔✔Alternative wording of same scenario Acquisition Utility - ✔✔Represents the economic gain or loss Transactional Utility - ✔✔Represents the pleasure or displeasure associated with the final terms of the purchase Evaluability Hypothesis - ✔✔There are attributes that are easy to evaluate in isolation, and ones that are hard. The hard-to-evaluate attributes need to be compared to something else
