c language complete notes, Lecture notes of Programming Languages

C is a powerful, general-purpose programming language developed by Dennis Ritchie in 1972. It is widely used for system programming, embedded systems, and software development due to its efficiency and portability. The structure of a C program includes header files, the main function, statements, and expressions. It supports various data types, including primary types like int, float, double, char, and void, along with derived types like arrays, pointers, structures, and unions. Operators in C include arithmetic, relational, logical, bitwise, and assignment operators, as well as increment, decrement, and conditional operators. Input and output operations are performed using functions like printf(), scanf(), getchar(), and putchar().