The Citric Acid Cycle
Objectives
Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex
- Know all 5 reactions catalyzed by pyruvate dehydrogenase
- Know the names of the three enzyme components of this complex
- Know the 5 coenzymes and which of the enzyme components that contains them.
- be able to recognize the structures and the reactive centers of the cofactors
- know the ways pyruvate dehydrogenase is regulated and understand the regulation in relation to the
other pathways
Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase
What activates this Kinase?
What inactivates this Kinase?
What is its effect on the activity of pyruvate dehydrogenase?
Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Phosphatase
What activates this phosphatase?
What inactivates this phosphatase?
What is its effect on the activity of pyruvate dehydrogenase?
Know the mechanism of the pyruvate dehydrogenase subunit, the decarboxylation of pyruvate through the
formation of acetyllipoamide.
Know the structure and function of lipoamide/lipoic acid.
Citric Acid Cycle
- Know all eight intermediates and enzymes of the citric acid cycle
- Know where NADH, CO2, FADH2 and GTP are produced
- Know important features of each enzyme
- know the ways the citric acid cycle is regulated.
Be able to trace carbon atoms through each turn of the cycle.
Be able to draw out this pathway showing the structure of all 8 intermediates, naming all the
enzymes and the cofactors required.
Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase
Know all 5 reactions catalyzed by Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase.
- Know the names of the three enzyme components of this complex
- Know the 5 coenzymes and which of the enzyme components that contains them.
- be able to recognize the structures and the reactive centers of the cofactors
Amphibolic
Know that in addition to generating reduced coenzymes the citric acid cycle metabolites are precursors for
biomolecules.
We have to able to replenish the intermediates that are used to synthesize biomolecules. These
replenishing reactions are anaplerotic reactions.
