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CAMRT Exam Questions And 100% Correct Answers
What would C-spine flexion/extension views assess? - ANSWER Anterior and posteriormovement or lack of movement due to an injury
What is ERCP? - ANSWER Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography For what is an ERCP used? - ANSWER To investigate biliary tree, CBD, gallbladder andpancreas
For what would a ball catcher's view be good? - ANSWER Early stages of RheumatoidArthritis
Low blood pressure with a tendency to dizzy by standing up too quickly - ANSWEROrthostatic hypertension
What is Shenton's Line? - ANSWER An imaginary curved line drawn along the inferiorborder of the superior pubic ramus and along the inferomedial border of the neck of femur What is Shenton's Line used for? - ANSWER To evaluate hip pathology What body part is perpendicular to the CR when doing an intercondylar fossa? -ANSWER Long axis of the lower leg (Tib / Fib)
What is the purpose of doing a lateral bend for scoliosis? - ANSWER To determinestructural change in early diagnosis
What is the optimal kVp for a chest? - ANSWER 100 - 130 kVp
How do you compensate for CR for a portable Chest X-Ray on a kyphotic patient? -ANSWER Angle less slightly or leave the tube perpendicular so clavicles will be 1" below apices of lung What is the largest focal spot size for scaphoid? - ANSWER 0.6 mm What is one medication that can be mixed with the contrast to prevent a reaction? -ANSWER A steroid or anti-histamine
What test tool is used to test focal spot? - ANSWER Slit camera, pinhole camera and starpattern
What does focal spot size effect? - ANSWER Penumbra What does penumbra effect? - ANSWER Recorded detail What is the line focus principle? - ANSWER The lower the target angle, the smaller theeffective focal spot size. The higher the target angle, the larger the focal spot size
What is the advantage of line focus principle? - ANS It provides the detail of a small focalspot while allowing a large amount of heat dissipation
If the pedicles sit too far posterior on vertebral bodies for an oblique L spine, what doesthis mean? - ANS Too much obliquity
Remember: PP - too much (posterior pedicles) What is a CVP line? - ANSWER Used for measuring central venous pressure as well asallowing nutrients and fluid to be instilled
Ankle fracture involving both of the malleoli and the posterior surface of the tibfractured as well? - ANSWER Third degree Pott's fracture (tri-malleolar fracture)
What is a Compound fracture? - ANSWER When the bone has broken through the skin What is a Comminuted fracture? - ANSWER A fracture with more than two bonefragments
Steps to open a sterile tray? - ANSWER - Away
- Left- Right
- Toward you An enema bag should be ____ inches or ____ cm above the anus? - ANSWER 24 inches or61 cm
What portion of the gown is considered to be sterile in the surgical arena? - ANSWERWaist to shoulders in the front and sleeves 2" above the elbow to the cuffs
What is visualized with a brain CT? - ANSWER Base of the skull to cranial apex What vessel rises through the cervical transverse foramina? - ANSWER The vertebralartery
May compression be utilised for microscopic hematuria when performing an IVP(Intravenous Pyelogram)? - ANSWER Yes
For what is compression for IVP contraindicated? - ANSWER - Stones
- Abdominal mass
- Trauma
- Aneurysm Why does excessive rotor prep time lead to wear on x-ray tube? - ANSWER Filamentvaporization gassy tube as well as melting the bearings in the rotor seized rotor and uneven wear on anode During c-spine odontoid in collar, what reference line is parallel to the CR? - ANSWERIOML
Rank these exams in order from high dose to lowest Lumbar spine KUBChest Barium Enema - ANSWER - Barium Enema Lumbar spineKUB Chest What medication would be given to the patient in case of a severe contrast reaction?ANSWER Epinephrine (Anaphylactic shock)
Optimum kVp for an abdomen? ANSWER 65 - 70 kVp Minimum number of people needed to move a patient by stretcher transfer (withoutslider board)? ANSWER 3
What is the Fowler's position? ANSWER Patients head elevated above feet
Normal blood pressure? - ANSWER 110-140 Systolic and 60-80 Diastolic Mammo kVp? - ANSWER 23 - 28 kVp What is an injection site for a Myelogram? - ANSWER The subarachnoid space by spinalpuncture
Myelogram - ANSWER Introduction of contrast medium into the subarachnoid space &radiographing (CT / X-Ray) to look for problems of the spinal canal
The breathing for a Soft tissue neck? - ANSWER Slow inspiration On an oblique lumbar spine what is the "neck" of the Scotty Dog? - ANSWER ParsInterarticularis
What is the most often used injection site for an abdominal angiogram? - ANSWERFemoral artery (catheter positioned at T12)
At what vertebral level are the kidneys located? -ANSWER T12 - L What exam is performed following the collimator light change? -ANSWER Light field /beam congruency test
For what condition is the procedure done to alleviate its symptoms? -ANSWER -Angioplasty
- Vascular stenting
- Thrombolysis What is hardening and thickening of the wall of the arteries, generally occurring in oldage? -ANSWER Atherosclerosis
What is a primary X-Ray barrier? - ANSWER A lead wall or floor (Intercepts primarybeam)
What is a secondary X-Ray barrier? - ANSWER The control booth or ceiling (Interceptsleakage and scatter)
What pathology seen during a GI is associated with cirrhosis of the liver? - ANSWEREsophageal varices
The catheter path for a femoral angiogram? - ANSWER - Femoral artery- External iliac
- Common iliac CPR ratio for an adult? - ANWER 30 compressions for every 2 breaths What is best demonstrated on an RPO C-spine? - ANWER Left intervertebral foramina Areas most prone to bed sores? - ANWER Where the bones are close to the skin What joint and anatomical structure must be included on a patellar view? - ANWER Thepatellofemoral joint and patella in profile
Blood CT # - ANWER 20 Water CT # - ANSWER 0 Air CT # - ANSWER - 1000
Which of the following positions best demonstrates pleural effusion of the right lung? -ANSWER Right Lateral Decubitus
When using a grid, which of the following errors causes an overall decreased density? -ANSWER Off level or off centered grid
What is enteroclysis? - ANSWER The injection of nutrient or medicinal liquid into thebowel
(After the procedure you have to tell the patient not to eat or drink for a few hours asspray anesthesia is used to inhibit gag reflex when intubating)
The anatomical landmark for SI joints? - ANSWER 1 inch above ASIS The xiphoid tip is at what vertebral level? - ANSWER T The sternal angle is at what vertebral level? - ANSWER T4 - T At what vertebral level is the cricoid cartilage? - ANS C A diabetic foot may be associated with what bony pathology? - ANS Bacterialosteomyelitis
____ are used to convert high voltage AC currents to DC currents? - ANS Rectifiers During angiography what is the rate pulse control used for? - ANS To prevent forcefulinjection
What vessels would you most likely find a "berry" aneurysm? - ANS Cerebral arteries(usually at bifurcation)
Air Gap technique:
- Technical factors?- IR is this far from patient?
- Method for doing this? - ANSWER - Increased- 10 - 15 cm
- Reduces scatter Name the vessel from which the right and left vertebral arteries originate? - ANSWERSubclavian
Describe the Air gap technique? - ANSWER A method to decrease scatter that reachesthe detector, thereby decreasing noise and increasing contrast
How much must the mAs be changed before a change in density is visible? ANSWER30%
If you have a trauma patient and his/her neck has not been cleared. How would youreposition this patient? How many personnel are required for this? ANSWER Log roll and 5 people How is rotation evaluated on the Caldwell view of the skull? - ANS Equal distance fromlateral border of skull to lateral border of orbit on both sides
What projection best demonstrates Osgood Schlatter's disease? - ANS Lateral view ofthe knee
Average body temperature? - ANSWER 36 - 37 degrees What rib attaches to the sternal angle? - ANSWER Second rib What sphincter allows food to pass into the duodenum? - ANSWER Pyloric sphincter What procedure is done for pneumothorax? - ANSWER Chest Tube How would the male urethra best be demonstrated in a voiding cystogram? - ANSAnterior oblique view
Where is a vesicovaginal fistula located? - ANS Between the bladder and vagina What are the symptoms of a PE (Pulmonary Embolism)? - ANS 80 percent of patientshave no symptoms
Where is the needle placed in a shoulder arthrogram? - ANS 1/2 inch inferior and lateralto the coracoid process into the joint
A ring artifact on a CT image could indicate what? - ANSWER Detector malfunction Weight / volume of barium for a single contrast GI ____% and double contrast GI up to____% - ANSWER 30 - 50% Single contrast GI 250% Double contrast GI What 3 vessels form the celiac axis and where is it located? - ANSWER - Commongastric artery
- Left gastric artery- Splenic artery
Found below the diaphragm at about T What is the nose of the Scottie dog? - ANSWER Transverse process What is the eye of the Scottie dog? - ANSWER Pedicle What is the neck of the Scottie dog? - ANSWER Pars interarticularis What is the body of the Scottie dog? - ANSWER Lamina What is the front paw of the Scottie dog? - ANSWER Inferior articulating process What would indicate under rotation of an Oblique L-spine? - ANSWER Pedicle anterior What would indicate over rotation of an oblique L-spine? - ANSWER Pedicle posterior What is visualized on a posterior oblique L-spine? - ANSWER Zygapophyseal joints of theside in contact
What is the central ray for an AP axial coccyx? - ANSWER Angle 10 degrees caudad What is the difference between Germicide and Disinfectant? - ANSWER Germicide is asolution that destroys microorganisms; Disinfectant is a type of germicide that inhibits the growth of bacteria Which carpal bone is most commonly fractured? - ANSWER Scaphoid What is the difference between views of the hip taken from Lauenstein (Frog leg) andthose taken cross-table laterally? -ANSWER- Lauenstein (Frog leg) shows lesser
What does a Swan-ganz catheter is used for? - ANSWER - Wedge pressure
- Central venous pressure
- Systolic pressure- Diastolic pressure
- Mean pressure- Withdraw blood samples
- Inject drugs or administer fluids What are the three layers of mater covering the brain? - ANSWER From outer to inner:
- Dura
- Arachnoid- Pia
What is the Chronic subdural hematoma on a CT? - ANSWER Isodense lesion What is the appearance of an Acute subdural hematoma on a CT? - ANSWER Acrescent-shaped peripheral high-density lesion
What is a subdural hematoma? - ANSWER Venous bleeding from ruptured veinsbetween the dura and meninges
What is the cause of a subdural hematoma? - ANSWER Trauma Why should scoliosis images be performed PA? - ANSWER To reduce radiationexposure to selected radiosensitive organs
Sterile Corridor- The area in the OR between the patient drape and the instrument table
Name all parts of the Circle of Willis? - What is the hip localization method? - To visualize a line from the ASIS to symphysispubis and at midpoint of that line, imagine a perpendicular line, moving 1.5" distally to locate the femoral head What is on a CT head? - ANSWER From base of skull to cranial vertex Which vessel ascends through the cervical transverse foramina? - ANSWER Vertebralartery
What three vessels supply oxygenated blood to the heart? - ANSWER - Left CoronaryArtery
- Right Coronary Artery- Circumflex Artery
What are two kinds of target interactions which may result in the production ofdiagnostic-range x-ray photons? - ANSWER - Bremsstrahlung
- Characteristic What should be superimposed on an AP Odontoid? ANSWER Upper incisors and thebase of the skull
A patient is known to have a history of angina and presents symptoms similar to a heartattack. What medication will most likely be administered in order to alleviate these symptoms and treat this patient? ANSWER Nitroglycerine Why would a trauma patient have their head CT and then an enhanced Chest, Abdomen,Pelvis? This is the order because: CONTRAST APPEARS WHITE AND COULD BE MISTAKEN FOR A FRESH BRAIN BLEED
What is the purpose of Automatic Brightness Control? - ANSWER To maintain thebrightness of an image during a fluoroscopic examination by automatically adjusting the exposure factors as needed What can be visualized with a recumbent right lateral stomach view? - ANSWER Rightretro-gastric space, duodenal loop, and duodenojejunal junction
Name the 3 arteries off of the aortic arch. - ANSWER - Brachiocephalic artery
- Left common carotid artery
- Left subclavian artery Brachiocephalic artery branch off into? - ANSWER - Right subclavian artery
- Common carotid artery Which side of the body does the 3 arteries of the aortic arch branch off? - ANSWERRight side
Remember: Right to tri - Right lung 3 lobes After you changed the collimator light bulb, what test would you do? - ANSWERCollimator light field/ x-ray beam congruency test
What are the CT numbers for the following, air, lung, fat, water, blood and bone?ANSWER Air = - Lung = - Fat = - Water = 0Blood = 20
Bone = 1000 You are doing a portable chest x-ray. You are using a distance of 60" and you set 6.3mAs. How would you change your mAs value if you went to 72" distance? - ANSWER mAs1 / mAs2 = D1sq / D2sq6.3 / mAs2= (60 x 60) / (72 x 72) = 3600 / 5184 mAs = 9.072= 9.
At what vertebral level are the kidneys located? - ANSWER T12 to the level of thetransverse processes of L
What is TIPS an abbreviation for, and what is its indication? - ANSWER TransjugularIntrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt
Its purpose is to decrease portal hypertension and the associated variceal bleeding byallowing the portal venous circulation to bypass its normal course through the liver
What is the suggested overall repeat rate? - ANSWER 4 - 6% What is the final position for a feeding tube? - ANSWER First part of the duodenum What is the final position for an NG (Nasogastric) tube? - ANSWER Stomach If all other factors remain constant, how is patient dose effected when you increase tubecurrent? - ANSWER Increased tube current = Increased dose
If all other factors remain the same, how is patient dose effected when you increaseSID? - ANSWER Increased SID = Decreased dose
