Carbon Compounds
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Carbon Compounds - General Chemistry - Lecture Slides, Slides of Chemistry
Fundamental concepts of chemistry including atomic structure, history of the atom, development of the periodic table, nuclear chemistry, chemical nomenclature and formula, types of reactions, stoichiometry, gas laws, liquids and solids, thermodynamics, chemical equilibrium, acids and bases. This lecture includes: Carbon Compounds, Saturated Hydrocarbons, Ethane, Characteristics of Hydrocarbons, Straight Chains, Halosomers, Branched Chains, the Ring, Alkenes, Alkynes, Aromatic Hydrocarbons, Polym
Typology: Slides
2012/2013
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Carbon Compounds
Saturated Hydrocarbons
-^
A Hydrocarbon is anorganic compound thatcontains only the elementshydrogen and carbon.
-^
In a
saturated hydrocarbon, all the bondsare
single
bonds.
-^
Alkane
is another name
for a saturatedhydrocarbon.
Characteristics of Hydrocarbons
-^
Factors that determine theproperties of ahydrocarbon are:
-^
The number of
carbon
atoms
-^
How the atoms are arranged: Straight chainBranched chainRing
Straight Chains
-^
A hydrocarbon cancontain one carbon atom,as in methane orthousands of carbonatoms, as in cellulose One carbon
Methane
Two carbon
ethane
Three carbon
propane
Four carbon
butane
Five carbons
pentane
Six carbon
hexane
Branched Chains
•^
The structural formulafor certain
alkanes
can
differ.
-^
Compounds with the same molecularformula
but
different
structural formulas are
isomers
The Ring
•^
Carbons can bearranged in a ring,such as cyclobutane.
Alkenes
•^
Many
fruit
bearing
plants produceethene, whichcontrols the rate atwhich fruitsripening.
Alkynes
•^
Alkynes are the mostreactive hydrocarboncompounds.
-^
They produceextremely hightemperatures whileburning.
Fossil Fuels
•^
Three types of fossilfuels are
coal
petroleum
, and
natural gas
•^
The primary productsof the completecombustion of fossilfuels are carbondioxide and water
Substituted Hydrocarbons
•^
The functional groupin an
alcohol
is a
hydroxyl
group,
-OH
•^
The functional groupin an
organic acid
is a
carboxyl group
COOH
•^
The functional groupin an
amine
is an
amino group
NH
Polymers
•^
Polymers can beclassified as
natural
polymers or
synthetic
polymers.
-^
Rubber, nylon, andpolyethylene are threeexamples ofcompounds than canbe synthesized.
Types
•^
Four types of polymers
produced in
plant and animal cellsare:
-^
Starches
-^
Cellulose
-^
Nucleic acids
-^
Proteins