Download Classification and Causes of Murmurs: Shape, Intensity, and Heart Rate Considerations and more Quizzes Geriatrics in PDF only on Docsity!
How are murmurs classified?
shape, location of maximum intensity radiation (follow blood flow - neck may be aortic stenosis) intensity 1 - 6 pitch - high, medium, low quality - rumbling, blowing, harsh, machinery timing - before S1, entire systolic period... TERM 2
Murmur grades
DEFINITION 2 1 - very faint, may not be heard 2 - quiet, hear immediately after placing scope 3 - moderately loud 4 - loud with palpable thrill 5 - very loud with thrill, may be heard with scope partially off chest 6 - very loud with thrill, may be heard with scope entirely off chest TERM 3
considerations with HR > 100
DEFINITION 3 sinus tachycardis supraventricular tachycardia (atrial or nodal) atrial flutter with ventricular response ventricular tachycardia TERM 4
considerations with HR < 60
DEFINITION 4 sinus bradycardia 2nd degree AV block complete heart block TERM 5
considerations if heart is slow, but regular.
DEFINITION 5
- sinus bradycardia 2. 2nd degree AV block 3. atrial flutter with regular ventricular response
hear rate changes with
respiration
faster during inspiration, slower during expiration TERM 7
causes of weak pulse
DEFINITION 7 decreased stroke volume (HF, hypovolemia, aortic stenosis) increased resistance (cold, severe CHF) TERM 8
Cause of long bounding pulses
DEFINITION 8 increased stroke volume secondary to slow HR (Bradycardia, complete heart block) decreased aortic wall compliance (aging, artherosclerosis) increased stroke volume, and/or/ decreased resistance (fever, anemia, hyperthyroid, aortic regurg, AV Fistula, PDA) TERM 9
Bisferiens pulse (definition and
causes)
DEFINITION 9 increased arterial pulse with double peak causes: aortic stenosis and/or regurg hypertrophic cardiomyopathy TERM 10
pulsus alternana
DEFINITION 10 pulse amplitude alternates from beat to beat rhythm regular LV failure
types of pathologic midsystolic murmurs
Aoritc Stenosis hypertrophic cardiomyopathy pulmonic stenosis
