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CDFM EXAM 1 STUDY SET 2025 - 2026|ACTUAL
500+Qs&As|100%VERIFIED|ALREADY GRADED A+
When was Constitution Ratified? - June 1788 What is the principle behind the separation of power between the 3 branches? - Devised to allay the fear that a centralized government would lead to tyranny What is the essential principle of the Constitution? - That the government must be confined to the rule of law What does the Constitution define as the fundamental law of the US Federal Government? - Set forth the 3 principal branches of the Federal Government; outline their jurisdictions; propound the basic rights of US citizens What Article lays out the rules for the Legislative Branch? - Article I What section of Article 1 allows Congress to levy taxes and establish District Courts? - Section 8 What Article lays out the rules for the Executive Branch? - Article 2 What Article lays out the rules for the Judicial Branch? - Article 3
Where are all revenue bills generated? - House of Representatives The President has how many days to act on a bill? - 10, excluding Sundays or Holidays What can override a Presidential veto of a bill? - 2/3 approval in both chambers Congress is adjourned and the President fails to sign a bill during the 10 - day period, that bill does not become law. - Pocket Veto What is important about Art I, Sec 9? - No money is to be issued from Treasury without an Appropriation law A legislative proposal of a general nature, only allowed to be introduced by a member of Congress, and must be reviewed by the President for approval into law or rejected with a veto. - Bill Legislative proposal similar to a bill, frequently used to amend the Constitution , and can originate in either the House or Senate, and must be reviewed by the President the same as a bill. - Joint Resolution Proposal to address matters that affect the operation of both the House and Senate, does not go to the President for action. - Concurrent Resolution
What occurs for the Agency March - May in the Budget Formulation phase? - Internal budget process, program, budget and management issues are identified, issues internal instructions on preparation of annual budget estimates.
What occurs for the OMB May - June in the Budget Formulation phase? - Discusses program, budget, and management issues with agencies throughout the process. Issues technical instructions for preparation of annual budget estimates What occurs for the President and Advisors January - February in the Budget Formulation Phase? - Transmits budget to Congress between the first Monday in January and first Monday in February. The internal review of the budget submissions from the Services and Defense Agencies that occurs with the OSD and senior OMB examiners Sept - Dec. - Fall Review The document containing the results of the OMB budget review that can change the funding for individual programs. - Passback. Results can be appealed to the President by the Agency Head (SecDef for DoD) What Act changed the congressional budget process significantly? - Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974 Phase of the Federal Budget Process that begins with the Director, OMB, and the Sec of the Treasury appearing before Congress budget committees to explain the basis for the proposals. - Phase 2: Congressional Action Phase
(HAC/SAC). - Appropriations Bill What are the 3 Appropriations Subcommittees who directly affect DoD funding?
- Energy & Water Development; Defense; Military Construction, Veteran's Affairs, & Related Agencies Estimates transmitted to Congress that amend (revise) budget estimates transmitted previously and on which Congress has not completed action. - Budget Amendments Requests transmitted to Congress to provide funds in addition to amounts already appropriated for the ongoing FY. - Supplemental Requests Temporary appropriations act that provides budget authority for specific ongoing activities for a specific period of time. Availability can be extended by Congress, and can extend into a different session of Congress. - Continuing Resolution Who prepares the Concurrent Budget Resolution? - House and Senate Budget committees Who conducts hearings and draft and submit the National Defense Authorization Bills that authorize programs to exist? - House and Senate Armed Services Committee (HASC/SASC)
Who conducts hearings and draft and submit the Appropriations Bills that provide budget authority for the Government? - House and Senate Appropriations Committee (HAC/SAC) Funds may be obligated and expended only for the purposes authorized in the appropriations acts or other laws. - Purpose Period that budgetary resources may incur new obligations (i.e. order new goods/services) is different from the period during which the budgetary resources may be used to incur expenditures (i.e. pay bills). - Time Obligations and expenditures may not exceed the amounts established in law. - Amount What phase of the Federal Budget Process begins with the President's signature on the appropriations bills? - Phase 3: Budget Execution What is the first legal action taken after the President signs the Appropriations bill into law? - The Appropriation Warrant is issued by the Treasury. Distribution of an amount available for obligation and/or commitment in an appropriation or fund account into amounts available for specified time periods, activities, projects, or combinations as approved by OMB and the agency. -
The permanent cancellation of funding by request of the President (OMB). - Rescission Administrative reservation of funds that are based on firm procurement requests, orders, directives, and equivalent instruments. - Commitments Legal reservation of funds based on the amount of orders placed, contracts awarded, services received, and similar transactions during an accounting period that will require payment during the same or future periods. - Obligations Comptroller certification to the Contracting Officer stating that funds are available and are certified for purpose, time, and amount. - Fiduciary certification Certification of payment request from a contractor. - Pecuniary certification The authority to enter into obligations that will result in outlays. - Budget Authority Strategic planning, performance planning and goal setting, and performance reporting are required by? - Government Performance and Results Act (GPRA) The amount by which the Government's budget outlays exceed its budget receipts for any given period. - Budget Deficit
Spending that is controlled by laws other than appropriations acts (including spending for entitlement programs and the food stamp program). - Mandatory Spending Payment to liquidate an obligation other than repayment of debt principal. - Outlay Resources used by the Federal Government to pay its bills; primarily from individual income taxes. - Revenue Authority for annual mandatory expenditures is found in permanent statutes. - Direct (Mandatory) Spending Budget authority is found in the 12 annual appropriations bills. - Discretionary Spending Established discretionary spending limits on annual appropriations and "pay-as- you-go" on any spending outside of appropriations that would increase the deficit
- 1987 Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Reaffirmation Act Divided spending into Discretionary and Mandatory. - 1990 Budget Enforcement Act Established CFOs in specified agencies to rectify decades of mismanagement.
US Citizens or foreign nationals hired directly or in-directly to work for DoD, excluding contract employees. - DoD Civilian Work Force Authorized and programmed strength at the end of the FY for active forces, the Selected Reserve (to include drilling reservists, military technicians, and active Guard and Reserve), and appropriated-fund civilian employees in the FYDP. - Peacetime Strength What gives the President the authority to order to active duty Selected Reserve and Ready Reserve forces? - 10 USC 12304 How long can the President authorize the SecDef and/or the Secretary of Homeland Security (Coast Guard) to order to active duty (other than for training) members of the Selected Reserve and the Individual Ready Reserve without the consent of Congress? - Orders not to exceed 365 days How many members of the Selected Reserve and Individual Ready Reserve be activated under 10 USC 12304 at any one time? - Not more than 200,00 of the Selected Reserve and Individual Ready Reserve combined, with no more than 30,000 from the IRR Defined as the total number of regular straight-time hours (compensable, not including overtime or holiday) worked by an employee divided by the number of
compensable hours applicable to each fiscal year. - Full-time Equivalent employment Gives the SecDef permanent authority to establish programs under which employees may be eligible for voluntary early retirement or be offered separation incentive pay from the amounts available for the employee's pay. - 5 USC 9902(I) DoD Separation Incentives Which Act requires annual performance plans & reports? - 1993 GPRA Competency Area 2: Defense Resource Management Environment - ... What Act requires the head of each Executive agency to submit to the Director of OMB a list of activities performed by Federal Government sources for the Executive agency that, in the agency head's judgment, are not inherently governmental functions? - Federal Activities Inventory Reform Act of 1998 Defined as the act of governing (discretionary exercise of Government authority) and the exercise of monetary transactions and entitlements. includes the determination of agency policy, and regulation. - Inherently Governmental According to OMB Circular A-76, what is the policy of the US Government? - To achieve economy and enhance productivity, to retain governmental functions in-
public office for private gain; Employees shall act impartially and not give preferential treatment to a private organization or individual. Can an Executive Branch employee accept a gift valued at $20 or less ($ annually) from the same outside source (nee vendor)? - Yes as long as it is not cash What is the procedure when an Executive Branch employee receives a gift that cannot be accepted? - May return the gift or pay market value. To whom is an employee not permitted to gift, excepting in certain circumstances, such as gifts valued at less than $10? - Supervisor The requirement for senior officials in each of the 3 Federal branches to file public reports of their finances as well as other interests outside the Government as set forth in the Ethics in Government Act of 1978. - Financial Disclosure Remedy to conflict of interest that involves the employee not participating in a matter that could affect the employee's financial interest. - Recusal Remedy to conflict of interest that involves the employee being granted permission by an authorized official because the conflicting financial interest is not substantial. - Waiver
Remedy to conflict of interest that involves the employee selling assets in order to comply with ethics program requirements. This remedy provides for deferral of capital gains taxes. - Certificate of Divestiture Remedy to conflict of interest that involves the employee turning all conflicting assets over to an independent manager. This is approved prior to execution. - Blind Trust Defined for Executive Branch employees by the use of a public office for personal gain; use of Government property for other-than-authorized purposes; misuse of official time, either self or subordinate. - Misuse of Position What are the restrictions on employee personal fundraising? - Employee cannot: Solicit from subordinates; Solicit from person(s) who have interests that may be affected by the employee's agency; Use or permit use of official title, position, or authority What is the restriction on post-Federal employment for an Executive Branch employee who had substantial involvement in a matter while employed with the Executive Branch.
- Employee is permanently barred from representing anyone on that same matter to any Federal agency, department, or court.
minimum qualifications, is allowed for a maximum of 1 year with a 1-year extension, must be competitive if over 120 days, and must be documented. - Temporary Promotion Defined by a temporary assignment to a different assignment with no change in grade/pay, employee does not have to be specifically qualified for same or lower grade positions up to one year in increments of 120 days. - Detail Defined by the systematic process by which an agency involves its employees, as individuals and members of a group, in improving organizational effectiveness as set by 5 CFR 430. - Performance Management According to the Civil Service Reform Act, the intent is to help the employee improve job performance and become a valuable employee. - Performance Appraisal What are the 3 specific provisions of the Civil Service Reform Act that profoundly impacted the appraisal system? - Must consist of established standards that permit accurate evaluation of performance on the basis of objective criteria; standards and critical job elements must be communicated to employees in writing at the beginning of each appraisal period; employees are to be appraised annually Comparison of an employee's performance of duties and responsibilities with performance standards. - Appraisal
Expressed measure of level of achievement, including quantity, quality, and timeliness, established by management for the duties and responsibilities of a position or group of positions. - Performance Standards Performance of an employee which fails to meet established performance standards in one or more critical elements. The rating requires removal from the position by reassignment, downgrade, or removal from service. - Unacceptable Performance This rule outlines the responsibility by each agency head to ensure the training needs of the organization are identified and programs established to meet those needs. - 5 USC 41 - Government Employee Training Act (GETA) Hiring and recruiting policy that ensures equal employment opportunities. - Affirmative Action Complaint process that protects the employee's ability to complain about discrimination on the job. - Discrimination Complaint Program Hiring, recruiting, placing, and training to address special needs by group. - Special Emphasis Program A complaint that may be filed by any employee to address a grievance or issue
