Download Cell Structure and Function Lab: A School Analogy for 7th Grade Science and more Lab Reports Biology in PDF only on Docsity!
Name ________________________________________________________ Period _______
Background Information Cells are the small structures that make up all living organisms. Some living things are made up of only one cell while others are made up of billions and trillions of cells. A system is defined as a group of objects that, taken together, work together to form a larger functional object. A cell is made up of many little parts called organelles. Each organelle has a specific job or function. If all of the organelles do their job and work together, then the cell will function as a whole. Cells are systems.
Objectives
- Learn the function of each of the cell parts and identify how structure compliments function.
- Identify what a system is and make connections between systems and cells.
- Compare the parts of the cell to parts of a school. Create an analogy between a school and its parts to make connections to the organelles of a cell
Plant Cell Animal Cell (with flagellum)
Cell Structure and Function Lab
7 th^ Grade Science
Unit 3
Cell Structure and Function Lab - Part A: School Analogy Matching
Directions: Identify each part of a school the system. Match each structure of the school with the appropriate function. Write one sentence explaining why you matched the structure of the school to its function. Use the School Structures Word Bank to complete the chart below.
School Structure School Function Follow Up Explanation
School Office
Controls all aspects of the school. All directions and information comes from this part of the school.
Answers Vary
Windows
Lets sunlight into the school. Light is absorbed providing energy for the building.
Answers Vary
Empty Air Space
All of the empty areas in the school. Empty classrooms, hallways, etc. Space between things.
Answers Vary
Brick
Outermost layer of the school. Rigid layer of the school that helps to hold the school up and protect it.
Answers Vary
Storage Closets This part of the school is wherestuff is stored. Answers Vary
Interior Walls The interior walls of the school.^ Answers Vary
Cafeteria
This part of the school supplies energy to all of the things (people) in the school.
Answers Vary
Paper Documents in Office
Where all of the information is stored. Student records, attendance files, grades, etc.
Answers Vary
Janitors
These are the cleaners of the school. They remove the trash and clean rooms, floors, and bathrooms.
Answers Vary
Hallways with Carpet The passageways in the school thathave carpet on the floor. Answers Vary
Mail Room Letters and packages are sent outfrom this area of the school. Answers Vary
Hallways without Carpet The passageways in the school thathave smooth, tile floors. Answers Vary
Copy Room This is where things are producedand made to teach class. Answers Vary
Counselors
The job of this school part is to guide people and things through the school.
Answers Vary
Brick Janitors Paper Documents in the Office Empty Air Space Interior Walls School Office Cafeteria Storage Closets Windows Copy Room Hallway With Carpet Hallway Without Carpet Mail Room Counselors
Cell Structure and Function Lab - Part C: Cell structure and function notes.
Directions: Complete the notes below over cell structure and function according to the PowerPoint.
I. Cell Membrane: The ____________________ of the cell. A. The cell membrane provides _____________ and support for the cell. Animal cells do not have a cell wall, therefore, the cell membrane must provide the support and protection for the cell. B. The cell membrane controls the __________ of materials into and out of the cells through pores. Everything from the movement of oxygen to waste particles is controlled by the cell membrane. It keeps the cell in a state of homeostasis.
II. Nucleus: The ____________________ center of the cell. A. The nucleus is a round structure in the cell that acts as the control center ____________ of the cell. It regulates or controls all activities of the cell. B. Chromosomes are rod-like structures, located in the nucleus that direct all _____________ of the cell, including growth, reproduction, and the passing of traits.
III. Mitochondria: ________________ of the cell. A. Mitochondria are rod-shaped structures that supply most of the __________ to the cell. B. Inside the mitochondria, simple food substances such as sugars are broken down into water and carbon dioxide gas. Large amounts of energy is released during the breakdown of sugars. The energy is collected and _____ for the cell to use.
IV. Ribosomes: _________________ factories of the cell. A. Ribosomes are ________-like bodies produced in the nucleus. Many of these bodies pass out of the nucleus and attach themselves to the inner lining of the endoplasmic reticulum. (Some ribosomes float freely in the cytoplasm.) B. Ribosomes are the protein making sites of the cell. C. They are found inside of the endoplasmic reticulum so that they may be carried to anywhere in the cell when needed.
V. Endoplasmic Reticulum: _________________ system of the cell.
A. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a series of clear, tubular passageways. These
passageways lead out from the nucleus to other areas of the cell or to the cell membrane. These passageways allow materials to be ____________ anywhere throughout the cell. B. The Rough ER is the endoplasmic reticulum with ribosomes attached to the outside and the Smooth ER is the endoplasmic reticulum without ribosomes.
VI. Lysosomes: _______________ crews for the cell. A. Small _________ structures involved with the digestive activities of the cell. B. Lysosomes contain __________ that break down large food molecules into smaller ones. These smaller food molecules are then passed on to the mitochondria where they are “burned” to provide energy for the cell. The lysosome is covered in a membrane which keeps the enzymes in and from digesting the cell itself. C. After cell parts outlive their usefulness, Lysosomes digest old cell parts and release substances to make new cell parts. If the cell is injured or dead, the lysosomes’ enzymes can digest the whole cell such as when a tadpole becomes a frog and loses its tail. D. Lysosomes are common in animal cells, but not often seen in plant cells.
VII. Cytoplasm: ___________________ system of the cell. A. Cytoplasm is the region between structures in the cell that is a clear, thick, _____________ -like substance.
VIII. Flagellum and Cilia: ________________ makers for the cell. A. A flagellum is a ___________ -like structure that stick out from the cell. The flagellum moves back and forth enabling the cell to move. B. Cilia are _________ -like structures that can be found on the outside of a cell. Cilia enable a cell to move and are also used to pass water and other materials over the cell’s surface.
IX. Vacuoles: Storage ______________ for the cell. A. Vacuoles store mostly ______________, but also store other materials as well. B. Vacuoles are found in both plant and animal cells. C. Plant cells usually have _________ large centrally located vacuole where animals may have _______________ small ones.
X. Cell Wall: Support and _____________ system for the cell. A. Cell wall is ___________ found in plant cells. B. Cell wall holds the plant cell up and enables the cell to keep its shape.
XI. Chloroplasts: Solar ______________ factories for the cell. A. Chloroplasts are small ___________ structures that are only found in the plant cell. B. Chloroplasts take the energy from __________ and turn it into food for the plant cell.
XII. Golgi Body: Mail and ___________ center of the cell. A. Golgi bodies store, package and ______________ the proteins and lipids made in the endoplasmic reticulum.
XIII. Centrioles: Guidance ____________________ of the cell. A. Centrioles line up the ________________inside the cell and then they pull the chromosomes apart during mitosis and guide them to the right location.
Cell Structure and Function Lab - Part D: Analogy Conclusion
Directions: Construct an analogy between a school and a cell. The school structures are listed on the left. Use the Organelle word bank below and match the school structure with the cell structure. Explain why you connected the school structure to the organelle that you chose to match that structure.
School Structure
Matching Organelle Structure
Analogy Function Explanation
Windows Chloroplasts Answers Will Vary
Empty Air Space
Cytoplasm Answers Will Vary
Copy Room Ribosomes Answers Will Vary
School Office Nucleus Answers Will Vary
Paper Documents
Chromosomes Answers Will Vary
Hallway Without Carpet
Smooth ER Answers Will Vary
Interior Walls Cell Membrane Answers Will Vary
Mail Room Golgi Bodies Answers Will Vary
Janitors Lysosomes Answers Will Vary
Cafeteria Mitochondria Answers Will Vary
Brick Cell Wall Answers Will Vary
Hallway With Carpet Rough ER^ Answers Will Vary
Storage Closets Vacuoles Answers Will Vary
Counselors Centrioles Answers Will Vary
Cell Wall Lysosmes Chromosomes Cytoplasm Cell Membrane Nucleus Mitochondria Vacuole Chloroplasts Ribosomes Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum Golgi Bodies Centrioles
