Download Certified Professional Photographer Exam | Questions and Answers A+ Grade 2025-2026 and more Exams Chemistry in PDF only on Docsity!
Certified Professional Photographer Exam | Questions
and Answers A+ Grade 2025-
What is a BIT? - ✔✔The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no, black or white.
What is a color profile? - ✔✔A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
What is gamut? - ✔✔The entire range of colors that can be seen, reproduced, or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
How can you change the brightness of the background when using flash? - ✔✔Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed, the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed, the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
What is interpolated resolution? - ✔✔Interpolated resolution can be generated by Photoshop or any image editing software to increase print size resolution.
Digital cameras use what set of primary colors? - ✔✔Additive (R, G, B)
What do the bars on the left of a histogram represent? - ✔✔Black (0)
What do the bars on the right of a histogram represent? - ✔✔White (255)
The area of acceptable sharpness in an image is called what? - ✔✔Depth of field
What is a derivative file? - ✔✔A RAW file that has been altered
What kind of lighting pattern is useful to widen a subject? - ✔✔Broad lighting
What kind of lighting pattern is useful to narrow a face? - ✔✔Short lighting
Why is depth of field greater on a short lens versus a long lens? - ✔✔Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
What is focal length, technically? - ✔✔The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
Focal length controls what? - ✔✔1) Magnification, or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
A normal (or standard) focal length lens approximates what? - ✔✔The impression of human visual perspective
What kind of light will be produced when using a large white umbrella close to a subject? - ✔✔flat, low contrast light
This technique allows you to keep a subject that is moving toward you well focused - ✔✔Follow focus
What does a neutral density filter do? - ✔✔Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
What is the effect of front lighting? - ✔✔Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
What kind of film can help reduce haze in a landscape? - ✔✔Infrared
Going clockwise around the color wheel, starting with RED, what is the progression of colors? - ✔✔Red, Yellow, Green, Cyan, Blue, Magenta
An SLR camera uses what to allow you to see exactly what you'll photograph? - ✔✔A mirror and pentaprism
What is a flag? - ✔✔Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
A filter with a factor of 2 requires how many stops of compensation? - ✔✔factor of 2 = 1 stop compensation. (Each time a factor doubles, it's one additional stop)
What angle of view does a reflected light meter read? - ✔✔Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
What angle of view does a spot meter read? - ✔✔Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
What angle of view does an incident meter read? - ✔✔Very wide at about 180 degrees
What is the name of the issue that prevents you from seeing exactly what the lens sees when using a rangefinder camera at close distances? - ✔✔Parallax
Name 2 ways you can decrease depth of field - ✔✔1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
A lens set at f/4 admits how much more/less light than one set at f/2.8? - ✔✔Half as much light
When buying a lens hood, you should get it in what size relative to the lens? - ✔✔It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely the vignette would occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.
A color image with smooth gradations requires at least what bit depth? - ✔✔24 bits per pixel ( per color), which gives 16,777,216 colors
Sharpness from near to far is controlled by what? - ✔✔Aperture
The quantity of light that reaches your sensor is controlled by what? - ✔✔Shutter speed & aperture
Most lenses are sharpest closed down to how many stops from the widest? - ✔✔1 or 2, depending on the lens, could be 2 to 3.
Name two ways you can increase depth of field (other than changing aperture) - ✔✔1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
In a curves adjustment layer, what does the shape of the curve indicate? - ✔✔Contrast
When the additive primaries are mixed together equally, what is created? - ✔✔White (additive primaries are Red, Green Blue)
An in-camera reflected meter reading a very dark scene indicates an exposure of 1/250th at f/8. For a correct exposure, what should you do? - ✔✔Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey, underexpose to bring it back to dark.
When the subtractive primaries are added together equally, what is created? - ✔✔Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta, Yellow, Cyan
What is the inverse square law? - ✔✔The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject, the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
What is TTL? - ✔✔Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
If you must move to reduce the amount of flash reaching your subject, how far do you move? - ✔✔To create a 1-stop difference, multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away, a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
What kind of lighting pattern is best for average oval faces and round faces you want to slim? - ✔✔Short lighting.
How much resolution do you need for: Internet? Newspaper? Photographic print? Glossy magazine? - ✔✔Internet = 72 ppi; Photographic print = 240-300 ppi; Gloss magazine = 400 ppi
The useable exposure range of a sensor, or the range of subject brightness is called what? - ✔✔dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
An 8x10 at 240 ppi will have a resolution of what? - ✔✔1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
All objects beyond the closest distance in focus will be sharp when this appears within the DOF scale - ✔✔Infinity
What is the best color profile for web images? - ✔✔sRGB
What angle should a polarizing filter be to the sun for best results? - ✔✔90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections, it should be used at 35 degrees.
What does the term "stop" mean? - ✔✔A change in exposure of 1 EV, that is 1/2 or 2x the amount of light.
The amount of motion blur in an image will increase if you do what? - ✔✔lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
What are the three main factors that affect depth of field? - ✔✔Aperture, focal length, and distance to the subject
In the 20th century, black & white photographers used the Zone system to tame excessive contrast. Now, digital photographers use what? - ✔✔High Dynamic Range
A ring of thin, overlapping leaves located inside the lens is called what? - ✔✔The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
Printers use what set of colors? - ✔✔Subtractive primaries (plus black)
An image made of pixels is sometimes called what? - ✔✔A raster image
What are quad- and hex- tone printing? - ✔✔Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray, resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
The relative aperture is equal to the lens focal length divided by what? - ✔✔aperture diameter
What are luminance and illuminance? - ✔✔Luminance is light reflected from the subject surface (measured by a reflected-light meter), while Illuminance is light falling on a subject surface (as measured with an incident light meter)
Contrast measures what in a print? - ✔✔The difference between light and dark.
What is the color temperature of direct sunlight? - ✔✔Direct sun at 5400 to 6,500 Kelvin
Daylight is approximately what color temperature? - ✔✔5,000 Kelvin
Tungsten light is approximately what color temperature? - ✔✔3200 Kelvin
Stopping a lens down from f/8 to f/16 represents a X stop difference - ✔✔Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
When adjusting an image with levels, if you want to make any color neutral quickly, what would you do? - ✔✔Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
The smallest unit of digital information is called a what? - ✔✔Bit
A histogram shows what in an image? - ✔✔The brightness values of all the pixels in an image illustrated as a graph numbering from 0 to 255.
Resolution refers to what? - ✔✔The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
Bit depth refers to what? - ✔✔The amount of information contained in each pixel
Color systems divide all colors into which three measurements? - ✔✔Hue, Luminance, Saturation
Cyan is composed of equal parts of what two colors? - ✔✔Blue & Green
This stores electronic images captured in a digital camera until they can be transferred to a computer - ✔✔Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
Using this kind of automatic exposure setting on the camera, you set the aperture and the camera sets the shutter speed - ✔✔Aperture-Priority
Using this kind of automatic exposure setting on the camera, you set the shutter speed and the camera sets the aperture - ✔✔Shutter-Priority
Doubling the aperture setting creates how many stops difference in the amount of light reaching the sensor? - ✔✔One stop
As the aperture becomes smaller, what happens to the depth of field? - ✔✔It increases
What is the term used to describe a sensor's sensitivity to light? - ✔✔ISO
What is the usable exposure range, or range of subject brightness called? - ✔✔Dynamic range
The term "ISO speed" is used to describe what? - ✔✔The sensor's sensitivity to light
A technique used to maintain sharp focus on a subject that is moving toward you is called what?
This kind of lens has a variable focal length - ✔✔Zoom lens
What kind of meter is built in to most cameras? - ✔✔Reflected light meter
What is the term used to describe human's change in perception of a color under different light sources? - ✔✔Metamerism
If your print will be viewed mostly under window light, what is the suggested Kelvin temperature of the lights you should use to evaluate your print? - ✔✔5000K
The greatest tonal range from black to white is achievable on what kind of paper? - ✔✔Glossy paper
Most inkjet printers intended for photographic printing include light and dark inks of all of the colors except for one. Which color ink is usually available only in one density? - ✔✔Yellow
What image adjustment tool uses a histogram display to alter an image? - ✔✔Levels adjustment
Photoshop's command for a simple way to start using color balance is what? - ✔✔Variations command
Whenever another image is copied or moved into a file, Photoshop automatically creates what? - ✔✔A new layer
Instead of permanently altering your image when adjusting for color and value, what should you do? - ✔✔Use and adjustment layer
A magic wand tool is used for what? - ✔✔Selecting portions of the image based on color
What color is opposite Red on the color wheel? - ✔✔Cyan
What color is opposite Green on the color wheel? - ✔✔Magenta
What color is between Magenta and Cyan on the color wheel? - ✔✔Blue
Blue is opposite what color on the color wheel? - ✔✔Yellow
To produce optimal sharpness, detail, and resolution, is a higher or lower ISO setting better? - ✔✔Lower
If an image is too blue, what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it? - ✔✔Add yellow
If an image is too magenta, what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it? - ✔✔Add green
If an image is too red, what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it? - ✔✔Add cyan
If you're working with an automatic camera and you set the aperture and the camera sets the shutter speed, what mode are you working in? - ✔✔Aperture-priority
If you're working with an automatic camera and you set the shutter speed and the camera sets the aperture, what mode are you working in? - ✔✔Shutter-priority
What file type affects printing when a 5th generation is used? - ✔✔Jpg
What are the effects of lighting from above the subject's face? - ✔✔Creates deep shadows in eye pockets, under nose, and chin.
What is the Aperture in a lens? - ✔✔The size of the opening in the lens which controls the amount of light reaching the sensor.
As the aperture is stopped down, what happens to depth of field? - ✔✔More of the background and foreground are sharp.
What is the Rule of Two? - ✔✔Whenever you have two of something (i.e Body parts) put them on slightly different levels
