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Ch.1-9,13-19 | PSYC - Development Psychology, Quizzes of Developmental Psychology

Class: PSYC - Development Psychology; Subject: Psychology; University: Bucks County Community College; Term: Forever 1989;

Typology: Quizzes

2014/2015

Uploaded on 12/03/2015

jkorol2008
jkorol2008 🇺🇸

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TERM 1
emerging adulthood
DEFINITION 1
proposed transitional period between adolescence and
adulthood commonly found in industrialized countries
TERM 2
risky drinking
DEFINITION 2
consuming more than 14 drinks a week or 4 drinks on any
single day for men, and more than 7 drinks a week or 3 drinks
on any single day for women
TERM 3
alcoholism
DEFINITION 3
chronic disease involving dependence on use of alcohol.
causing interference with normal functioning and fulfillment
of obligations
TERM 4
premenstrual syndrome (PMS)
DEFINITION 4
disorder producing symptoms of physical discomfort and
emotional tension for up to 2 weeks before a menstrual
period
TERM 5
infertility
DEFINITION 5
inability to conceive a child after 12 months of sexual
intercourse without the use of birth control
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emerging adulthood

proposed transitional period between adolescence and adulthood commonly found in industrialized countries TERM 2

risky drinking

DEFINITION 2 consuming more than 14 drinks a week or 4 drinks on any single day for men, and more than 7 drinks a week or 3 drinks on any single day for women TERM 3

alcoholism

DEFINITION 3 chronic disease involving dependence on use of alcohol. causing interference with normal functioning and fulfillment of obligations TERM 4

premenstrual syndrome (PMS)

DEFINITION 4 disorder producing symptoms of physical discomfort and emotional tension for up to 2 weeks before a menstrual period TERM 5

infertility

DEFINITION 5 inability to conceive a child after 12 months of sexual intercourse without the use of birth control

reflective thinking

type of logical thinking that becomes more prominent in adulthood, involving continuous, active evaluation of information and beliefs in the light of evidence and implications TERM 7

postformal thought

DEFINITION 7 mature type of thinking that relies on subjective experience and intuition as well as logic and allows room for ambiguity, uncertainty, inconsistency, contradiction, imperfection, and compromise TERM 8

emotional intelligence (EI)

DEFINITION 8 Salovey and Mayer's term for the ability to understand and regulate emotions; an important component of effective, intelligent behavior TERM 9

substantive complexity

DEFINITION 9 degree to which a person's work requires thought and independent judgment TERM 10

spillover hypothesis

DEFINITION 10 hypothesis that there is a carryover of cognitive gains from work to leisure that explains the positive relationship between activities in the quality of intellectual functioning

timing-of-events model

theoretical model of personality development that describes adult psycho social development as a response to the expected or unexpected occurrence and timing of important life events TERM 17

normative life events

DEFINITION 17 in the timing-of-events model, commonly expected life experiences that occur at customary times TERM 18

social clock

DEFINITION 18 set of cultural norms or expectations for the times of life when certain important events, such as marriage, parenthood, entry into work, and retirement, should occur TERM 19

trait models

DEFINITION 19 theoretical models of personality development that focuses on mental, emotional, temperamental, and behavioral traits, or attributes TERM 20

five-factor model

DEFINITION 20 theoretical model of personality, developed and tested by Costa and McCrae, based on the "Big Five" factors underlying clusters of related personality traits: neuroticism, extraversion, openness to experience, conscientiousness and agreeableness

typological approach

theoretical approach that identifies broad personality types, or styles TERM 22

ego-resiliency

DEFINITION 22 dynamic capacity to modify one's level of ego-control in response to environmental and contextual influences TERM 23

ego-control

DEFINITION 23 self-control and self-regulation of impulses TERM 24

fictive kin

DEFINITION 24 friends who are considered and behave like family members TERM 25

triangular theory of love

DEFINITION 25 Sternberg's theory that patterns of love hinge or the balance among three elements: intimacy, passion, and commitment

menopause

cessation of menstruation and of ability to bear children TERM 32

perimenopause

DEFINITION 32 period of several years during which a woman experiences physiological changes of menopause; includes first year after end of menstruation; also called climacteric TERM 33

diabetes

DEFINITION 33 disease in which the body does not produce or properly use insulin, a hormone that converts sugar, starches and other foods into energy needed for daily life TERM 34

mammography

DEFINITION 34 diagnostic X-ray examination of the breasts TERM 35

hormone therapy (HT)

DEFINITION 35 treatment with artificial estrogen, sometimes in combination with the hormone progesterone, to relieve or prevent symptoms caused by decline in estrogen levels after menopause

stress

response to physical or psychological demands TERM 37

stressors

DEFINITION 37 perceived environmental demands that may produce stress TERM 38

fluid intelligence

DEFINITION 38 type of intelligence, proposed by Horn and Cattell, that is applied to novel problems and is relatively independent of educational and cultural influences TERM 39

crystallized intelligence

DEFINITION 39 type of intelligence, proposed by Horn Cattell, involving the ability to remember and use learned information; it is largely dependent on education and culture TERM 40

encapsulation

DEFINITION 40 In Hoyer's terminology, progressive dedication of information processing and fluid thinking to specific knowledge systems, making knowledge more readily accessible

turning point

psychological transitions that involve significant change or transformation in the perceived meaning, purpose, or direction of a person's life TERM 47

midlife review

DEFINITION 47 introspective examination that often occurs in middle age, leading to reappraisal and revision of values and priorities TERM 48

ego-resiliency

DEFINITION 48 the ability to adapt flexibility and resourcefully to potential sources of stress TERM 49

identity process theory (IPT)

DEFINITION 49 Whitbourne's theory of identity development based on processes of assimilation and accomodation TERM 50

identity schemas

DEFINITION 50 accumulated perceptions of the self shaped by incoming information from intimate relationships, work-related situations, and community and other experiences

identity assimilation

Whitbourne's term for effort to fit new experience into an existing self-concept TERM 52

identity accommodation

DEFINITION 52 Whitbourne's term for adjusting the self-concept to fit new exxperience TERM 53

identity balance

DEFINITION 53 Whitbourne's term for a tendency to balance assimilation and accommodation TERM 54

gender

crossover

DEFINITION 54 Gutmann's term for reversal of gender roles after the end of active parenting TERM 55

social convoy

theory

DEFINITION 55 Theory, proposed by Kahn and Antonucci, that people move through life surrounded by concentric circles of intimate relationships on which they rely for assistance, well-being, and social support

filial crisis

In Marcoen's terminology, normative development of middle age, in which adults learn to balance love/duty to their parents with autonomy within a two-way relationship TERM 62

sandwich generation

DEFINITION 62 middle-aged adults squeezed by competing needs to raise or launch children and to care for elderly parents TERM 63

caregiver burnout

DEFINITION 63 condition of physical, mental, and emotional exhaustion affecting adults who provide continuous care for sick or aged persons TERM 64

kinship care

DEFINITION 64 care of children living without parents in the home of grandparents or other relatives, with or without a change of legal custody TERM 65

ageism

DEFINITION 65 prejudice or discrimination against a person (most commonly an older person) based on age

primary aging

gradual, inevitable process of bodily deterioration throughout the life span TERM 67

secondary aging

DEFINITION 67 aging processes that result from disease and bodily abuse and disuse and are often preventable TERM 68

activities of daily living (ADLs)

DEFINITION 68 essential activities that support survival, such as eating, dressing, bathing, and getting around the house TERM 69

functional age

DEFINITION 69 measure of a person's ability to function effectively in his or her physical and social environment in comparison with others of the same chronological age TERM 70

gerontology

DEFINITION 70 study of the aged and the process of aging

genetic-programming theories

theories that explain biological aging as resulting from a genetically determined developmental timetable TERM 77

variable-rate theories

DEFINITION 77 theories that explain biological aging as a result of processes that vary from person to person and are influenced by both the internal and the external environment; sometimes called error theories TERM 78

free radicals

DEFINITION 78 unstable, highly reactive atoms or molecules, formed during metabolism, which can cause internal bodily damage TERM 79

metabolism

DEFINITION 79 conversion of food and oxygen into energy TERM 80

autoimmunity

DEFINITION 80 tendency of an aging body to mistake its own tissues for foreign invaders and to attack and destroy them

survival curves

curves, plotted on a graph, showing percentages of a population that survive at each age level TERM 82

Hayflick limit

DEFINITION 82 genetically controlled limit, proposed by Hayflick, on the number of times cells can divide in members of a species TERM 83

reserve capacity

DEFINITION 83 ability of body organs and systems to put forth 4 to 10 times as much effort as usual under acute stress; also called organ reserve TERM 84

cataracts

DEFINITION 84 cloudy or opaque areas in the lens of the eye, which cause blurred vision TERM 85

age-related macular degeneration

DEFINITION 85 condition in which the center of the retina gradually loses its ability to discern fine details; leading cause of irreversible visual impairment in older adults

amyloid plaque

waxy chunks of insoluble tissue found in brains of persons with Alzheimer's disease TERM 92

cognitive

reserve

DEFINITION 92 hypothesized fund of energy that may enable a deteriorating brain to continue to function normally TERM 93

Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)

DEFINITION 93 intelligence test for adults that yields verbal and performance scores as well as a combined score TERM 94

sensory memory

DEFINITION 94 initial, brief, temporary storage of sensory information TERM 95

working memory

DEFINITION 95 short-term storage of information being actively processed

episodic memory

long-term memory of specific experiences or events, linked to time and place TERM 97

semantic memory

DEFINITION 97 long-term memory of general factual knowledge, social customs, and language TERM 98

procedural memory

DEFINITION 98 long-term memory of motor skills. habits, and ways of doing things, which can be recalled without conscious effort; sometimes called implicit memory TERM 99

ego integrity vs despair

DEFINITION 99 according to Erikson, the eighth and final stage of psycho- social development, in which people in late adulthood either achieve a sense of integrity of the self by accepting the lives they have lived, and thus accept death, or yield to despair that their lives cannot be relived TERM 100

coping

DEFINITION 100 adaptive thinking or behavior aimed at reducing or relieving stress that arises from harmful, threatening, or challenging conditions