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Term 1: Psychological and Social Development Terms and Definitions, Quizzes of Developmental Psychology

Definitions for various terms related to psychological and social development, including stages of development, behaviors, disorders, and therapeutic approaches. It covers topics such as self-definition, industry vs inferiority, internalizing and externalizing behaviors, prejudice, anxiety disorders, and therapeutic interventions.

Typology: Quizzes

2014/2015

Uploaded on 11/02/2015

jkorol2008
jkorol2008 🇺🇸

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TERM 1
(Ch.10)representational systems
DEFINITION 1
in neo-Piagetian terminology, the third stage in development
of self-definition, characterized by breadth, balance, and
integration, and assessment of various aspects of the self
TERM 2
industry vs inferiority
DEFINITION 2
Erikson's fourth stage of psychosocial development, in which
children must learn the productive skills their culture requires
or else face feelings of inferiority
TERM 3
internalizing behaviors
DEFINITION 3
behaviors by which emotional problems are turned inward;
for example, anxiety or depression
TERM 4
externalizing behaviors
DEFINITION 4
behaviors by which a child acts out emotional difficulties; for
example, aggression or hostility
TERM 5
coregulation
DEFINITION 5
transitional stage in the control of behavior in which parents
exercise general supervision and children exercise moment-
to-moment self regulation
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(Ch.10)representational systems

in neo-Piagetian terminology, the third stage in development of self-definition, characterized by breadth, balance, and integration, and assessment of various aspects of the self TERM 2

industry vs inferiority

DEFINITION 2 Erikson's fourth stage of psychosocial development, in which children must learn the productive skills their culture requires or else face feelings of inferiority TERM 3

internalizing behaviors

DEFINITION 3 behaviors by which emotional problems are turned inward; for example, anxiety or depression TERM 4

externalizing behaviors

DEFINITION 4 behaviors by which a child acts out emotional difficulties; for example, aggression or hostility TERM 5

coregulation

DEFINITION 5 transitional stage in the control of behavior in which parents exercise general supervision and children exercise moment- to-moment self regulation

prejudice

unfavorable attitude toward members of certain groups outside one's own, especially racial or ethnic groups TERM 7

hostile attribution bias

DEFINITION 7 tendency to perceive others as trying to hurt one and to strike out in retaliation or self-defense TERM 8

bullying

DEFINITION 8 aggression deliberately and persistently directed against a particular target, or victim, typically one who is weak, vulnerable and defenseless TERM 9

oppositional defiant disorder (ODD)

DEFINITION 9 pattern of behavior, persisting into middle childhood, marked by negativity, hostility and defiance TERM 10

conduct disorder (CD)

DEFINITION 10 repetitive, persistent pattern of aggressive, antisocial behavior violating societal norms or the rights of others

childhood depression

mood disorder characterized by such symptoms as a prolonged sense of friendlessness, inability to have fun or concentrate, fatigue, extreme activity or apathy, feelings of worthlessness, weight change, physical complaints, and thoughts of death or suicide TERM 17

individual psychotherapy

DEFINITION 17 psychological treatment in which a therapist sees a troubled person one-on-one TERM 18

family therapy

DEFINITION 18 psychological treatment in which a therapist sees the whole family together to analyze patterns of family functioning TERM 19

behavior therapy

DEFINITION 19 therapeutic approach using principles of learning theory to encourage desired behaviors or eliminate undesired ones; also called behavior modification TERM 20

art therapy

DEFINITION 20 therapeutic approach that allows a person to express troubled feelings without words, using a variety of art materials and media

play therapy

therapeutic approach that uses play to help a child cope with emotional distress TERM 22

drug therapy

DEFINITION 22 administration of drugs to treat emotional disorders TERM 23

resilient children

DEFINITION 23 children who weather adverse circumstances, function well despite challenges or threats, or bounce back from traumatic events TERM 24

protective factors

DEFINITION 24 influences that reduce the impact of early stress and tend to predict positive outcomes TERM 25

(Ch.11)adolescence

DEFINITION 25 developmental transition between childhood and adulthood entailing major physical, cognitive, and psychosocial changes

secular trend

trend that can be seen only by observing several generations, such as the trend toward earlier attainment of adult height and sexual maturity, which began a century ago in some countries TERM 32

adolescent growth

spurt

DEFINITION 32 sharp increase in height and weight that precedes sexual maturity TERM 33

body image

DEFINITION 33 descriptive and evaluative beliefs about one's appearance TERM 34

anorexia nervosa

DEFINITION 34 eating disorder characterized by self-starvation TERM 35

bulimia nervosa

DEFINITION 35 eating disorder in which a person regularly eats huge quantities of food and then purges the body by laxatives, induced vomiting, fasting, or excessive exercise

substance abuse

repeated harmful use of a substance usually alcohol or other drugs TERM 37

substance dependence

DEFINITION 37 addiction (physical, or psychological, or both) to a harmful substance TERM 38

formal operations

DEFINITION 38 Piaget's final stage of cognitive development, characterized by the ability to think abstractly TERM 39

hypothetical-deductive reasoning

DEFINITION 39 ability, believed by Piaget, to accompany the stage of formal operations, to develop, consider, and test hypotheses TERM 40

declarative knowledge

DEFINITION 40 acquired factual knowledge stored in long-term memory

active engagement

personal involvement in schooling, work, family, or other activity TERM 47

(Ch.12) identity

DEFINITION 47 according to Erikson, a coherent conception of the self, made up of goals, values, and beliefs to which a person is solidly committed TERM 48

identity vs identity confusion

DEFINITION 48 Erikson's fifth stage of psycosocial development, in which an adolescent seeks to develop a coherent sense of self, including the role she or he is to play in society; also called identity vs role confusion TERM 49

identity statuses

DEFINITION 49 Marcia's term for states of ego development that depend on the presence or absence of crisis and commitment TERM 50

crisis

DEFINITION 50 Marcia's term for period of conscious decision making related to identity formation

commitment

Marcia's term for personal investment in an occupation or system of beliefs TERM 52

identity achievement

DEFINITION 52 identity status, described by Marcia that is characterized by commitment to choices made following a crisis, a period spent in exploring alternatives TERM 53

foreclosure

DEFINITION 53 identity status, described by Marcia, in which a person who has not spent time considering alternatives (that is, has not been in crisis) is committed to other people's plans for his or her life TERM 54

moratorium

DEFINITION 54 identity status, described by Marcia, in which a person is currently considering alternatives (in crisis) and seems headed for commitment TERM 55

identity diffusion

DEFINITION 55 identity status, described by Marcia, that is characterized by absence of commitment and lack of serious consideration of alternatives

(Ch.8) emotional regulation

ability to control emotional arousal and direct emotional expression in a socially acceptable way, to maintain organized behavior in the presence of strong emotions (eg. anger) TERM 62

prosocial behavior

DEFINITION 62 any voluntary behavior intended to help others TERM 63

aggressive behaviors

DEFINITION 63 any voluntary behaviors intended to hurt others TERM 64

Instrumental aggression

DEFINITION 64 forceful behavior aimed at getting or keeping an object TERM 65

direct relational aggression

DEFINITION 65 use of relationship as a means to hurt others or achieve a goal

indirect relational aggression

use of social community to hurt others (spreading rumors, social alienation, social exclusion) TERM 67

Albert Bandura's named theory

DEFINITION 67 social learning theory; observational/imitative learning TERM 68

Baumrind's model

DEFINITION 68 parenting styles based on: expression of warmth, discipline+control, expectation for maturity, quality of communication TERM 69

authoritarian, permissive, authoritative,

uninvolved

DEFINITION 69 four types of parenting styles