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Gender
State of being male or female. They are learned differences. TERM 2
Gender Identity
DEFINITION 2 An individuals perception of himself as male or female. TERM 3
Gender sterotypes
DEFINITION 3 Wisely held and often inaccurate beliefs about males and females ablitiles, personlaity triats, and social behavior. TERM 4
Gender differences
DEFINITION 4 Actual disparties in behavior between fmeales and males based on research observations. TERM 5
Gender Roles
DEFINITION 5 Culturally definined expectations about appriopriate behavior for males and females. polor opposites, lots of overlap to have both charracteritics
Gender-role Idenity
A person's identification with the traits regarded as masculine and feminine --sense of being mal or female. TERM 7
Sexual
oreintation
DEFINITION 7 Preference for sexual partners of the other gender herterosexual Homosexual-same bisexual- both sexes TERM 8
Instrumental Sterotype
DEFINITION 8 oreintation toward action and acomplishment TERM 9
Expressiveness Stereotypes
DEFINITION 9 toward emotion and relationships TERM 10
Androcentrism
DEFINITION 10 belief that males is the norm
Mathematical Ablities
Preforming computations and solving word a dnstory problems TERM 17
Problem solving
DEFINITION 17 boys start to slightly outpreform girls when they reach high school. TERM 18
Spatial abilities
DEFINITION 18 include precieving and mentally manipukting shapes and figures. TERM 19
Self esteem
DEFINITION 19 girls is lower than boys. TERM 20
Aggression
DEFINITION 20 behavior that is intended to hurt someone physically or verbally - physical aggression-consitistanly more than females -Verbal aggression- insuts , threats of harm. -Relational aggression- silent treatment, talk behind someones back. -Indirect aggression- overlaps to some degree with relational aggression, covert behaviora, target it not directly confronted.
Sex
Men favor sex over woman woman favor intamacy TERM 22
Emotional expression
DEFINITION 22 Both men and woman have emotion. Men and woman express them diffrently. TERM 23
Communication
DEFINITION 23 sterotypes- woman are more talkative than menMen talk more than females. Woman are more tentitive in langauge, men are direct. TERM 24
Psychological disorders
DEFINITION 24 Mena dn woman are simular specific tyes of disroder, men are more likely to have anti-socail behavior, completed suicides, drug and alcoholism. Woman, depression, eating disorders, and attempts on suicide. TERM 25
Alice Eagly Social role theory Constructionism
DEFINITION 25 -minor gender diffrences are exaggrated by the diffrent social roles that males and female occupy. -individuals construct thier own relaity based on socieital expectations, conditioning, and self-socialization.
Gender role socialization
Reinforcement and punishment- operant condtioning, gender appriopriate behavior Observational Learning- child's behavior is influenced by observing others, who are called models. -Self Socialization- play and active role in our gender TERM 32
Gender Schemas
DEFINITION 32 Are cognitive structures that guide the processing of gender relevant information. TERM 33
Expectations of males
DEFINITION 33
- achievement-beat others 2. aggression-be tough 3.autonomy-self-reliant 4.sexuality-pursue sex 5. stoicism- don't share feelings TERM 34
Problems with male models
DEFINITION 34 Pressure to succeed in school or be competitive, keep others in place. emotional realm- supress emotions, causes psychological problems, less likely to seek help, unable to express emotions in relationships. Sexual problems- macho sexual image with some anxiety TERM 35
Homophobia
DEFINITION 35 -intense amounst men than woman,the fear of appearing feminine. -intense fear and intolerance of homosexuality
Roles of
females
- Marriage mandate-prescribe that it will happen, must get married. 2.The Motherhood mandate- have to become mothers 3.Work outside of the home- satisfy family life Heterosexual success- learning how to attract and interest males as prospective mates TERM 37
Problems with
females
DEFINITION 37 -Dimished Career Aspirations- have lower career aspirations than men. Male and female differnces, math and science is a mans field which makes the money. Femines jobs include social skills and language. *Ability achievement gap- woman's ability and thier level of achievement. -Juggling multiple roles-marriage and careers. -Amblivalence of sexuality- difficulty enjoying sex, supress sexual feelings. TERM 38
Sexism
DEFINITION 38 against people on the basis of thier gender. TERM 39
Economic than
Discrimination
DEFINITION 39 Job Access Differential treatment- lowr saleries
