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Acoustic shadow
The shadow created by the head that decreases the level of high-frequency sounds on the opposite side of the head. The acoustic shadow is the basis of the localization cue of interaural level difference. TERM 2
Architectural acoustics
DEFINITION 2 The study of how sounds are reflected in rooms. An important concern of architectural acoustics is how these reflected sounds change the quality of the sounds we hear. TERM 3
Auditory localization
DEFINITION 3 The perception of the location of a sound source. TERM 4
Auditory scene
DEFINITION 4 The sound environment, which includes the locations and qualities of individual sound sources. TERM 5
Auditory scene analysis
DEFINITION 5 The process by which listeners sort superimposed vibrations into separate sounds.
Auditory space
Perception of where sounds are located in space. Auditory space extends around a listeners head in all direc- tions, existing wherever there is a sound. TERM 7
Azimuth coordinate
DEFINITION 7 In hearing, specifies locations that vary from left to right relative to the listener. TERM 8
Binaural cue
DEFINITION 8 Sound localization cue that involves both ears. TERM 9
Cone of confusion
DEFINITION 9 A surface in the shape of a cone that extends out from the ear. Sounds originating from different locations on this surface all have the same interaural level difference and interaural time difference, so information provided by these cues is ambiguous. TERM 10
Direct sound
DEFINITION 10 Sound that is transmitted directly from a sound source to the ears.
Location cue
In hearing, characteristics of the sound reaching the listener that provide information regarding the location of a sound source. TERM 17
Melodic channeling
DEFINITION 17 Scale Illusion TERM 18
Melody
schema
DEFINITION 18 A representation of a familiar melody that is stored in a persons memory. Existence of a melody schema makes it more likely that the tones associated with a melody will be perceptually grouped. TERM 19
Monaural cue
DEFINITION 19 Sound localization cue that involves one ear. TERM 20
Onset time
DEFINITION 20 The time at which a specific tone starts. When two tones start at different times, this provides information that they are coming from different sources.
Precedence effect
The effect that occurs when two identical or very similar sounds reach a listeners ears separated by a time interval of less than about 50 to 100 ms, and the listener hears the sound that reaches his or her ears first. TERM 22
Principles of auditory grouping
DEFINITION 22 Principles such as similarity and good continuation that operate to group sounds into perceptual streams. TERM 23
Reverberation time
DEFINITION 23 The time it takes for a sound produced in an enclosed space to decrease to 1/1,000th of its original pressure. TERM 24
Scale illusion
DEFINITION 24 An illusion that occurs when successive notes of a scale are presented alternately to the left and right ears. Even though each ear receives notes that jump up and down in frequency, smoothly ascending or descending scales are heard in each ear. Also called melodic channeling. TERM 25
Signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio
DEFINITION 25 The level of a sound signal in decibels minus the level of background noise in decibels.
