Download Stress and Coping: Impact of Stressors and Appraisals and more Quizzes Psychology in PDF only on Docsity!
Evaluate the impact of minor stressors, and
discuss the importance of peoples appraisals
of stress.
- Routine hassles (waiting in line, car trouble, staring at bills) have significant harmful effects on mental and physical health. This may be a result of the cumulative nature of stress. Collectively, minor stressors create great strain. 2. Stress depends on what events one notices and how one chooses to appraise the stress associated with an event. Flying may be stressful for one person and not at all for another. TERM 2
Biopsychosocial model
DEFINITION 2 Physical illness is caused by a complex interaction of biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors. TERM 3
Acute stressors
DEFINITION 3 Threatening events that have a relatively short duration and a clear endpoint. EX: dealing with a drunk person, a major exam, a flood in your home. TERM 4
Chronic stressors
DEFINITION 4 Threatening events that have a relatively long duration and no readily apparent time limit. EX: Persistent financial strain, hostile boss at work, sick family member. TERM 5
Approach-approach conflict
DEFINITION 5 A choice must be made between two attractive goals. EX: You have a free afternoon. Tennis or racquetball? This is the least stressful kind of conflict; however, it becomes more stressful when choosing between two appealing boyfriends or college majors. The alternative that is not chosen represents a loss of sorts.
Avoidance-avoidance conflict
A choice must be made about whether to pursue a single goal that has both attractive and unattractive aspects. EX: Continue to take unemployment checks, or work at a degrading job? Most unpleasant, highly stressful. TERM 7
Approach-avoidance conflict
DEFINITION 7 Choice must be made about whether to pursue a single goal that has both attractive and unattractive aspects. EX: Career promotion with higher pay, but you have to move to a city where you dont know anyone. Often produces vascilation. TERM 8
Life changes
DEFINITION 8 Significant alternations in ones living circumstances that require readjustment. TERM 9
Social Readjustment Rating Scale (SRRS)
DEFINITION 9 Developed to measure life change as a form of stress. TERM 10
Broaden and build theory of positive emotions
DEFINITION 10 i. Positive emotions alter peoples mindsets, broadening scope of attention and increasing creativity and flexibility in problem solving. ii. Positive emotions can undo lingering effects of negative emotions and short circuit the potentially damaging physiological responses to stress. iii. Positive emotions can promote rewarding social interactions that help to build valuable social support, enhanced coping strategies, and other enduring personal resources.
Alarm reaction
FIRST STAGE OF GAS Organism first recognizes the existence of a threat. i. Physiological arousal: The body musters its resources to combat the challenge. TERM 17
Stage of Resistance
DEFINITION 17 SECOND STAGE OF GAS Physiological changes stabilize as coping efforts get underway. Physiological arousal continues to be higher until it levels off, as organism gets used to the stress. TERM 18
Stage of exhaustion
DEFINITION 18 THIRD STAGE OF GAS If stress cannot be endured, the bodys resources are depleted. Harmful physiological effects can lead to diseases of adaptation. TERM 19
Coping
DEFINITION 19 Active efforts to master, reduce, or tolerate the demands created by stress. TERM 20
Learned helplessness
DEFINITION 20 Passive behavior produced by exposure to unavoidable aversive events.
Defense mechanism
Largely unconscious reactions that protect a person from unpleasant emotion such as anxiety and guilt. TERM 22
Optimal margin of illusion
DEFINITION 22 Extreme distortions of reality are maladaptive, but small illusions are often beneficial. TERM 23
Constructive
coping
DEFINITION 23 Relatively healthful efforts that people make to deal with stressful events. It involves a. Confronting problems directly, and being task relevant and action oriented. This is a rational evaluate of your problems so that you can find solutions. b. Based on reasonably realistic appraisals of stress and coping resources. Here it may be helpful to use a little self-deception, but not to excess. c. Recognizing and regulating potentially disruptive emotional reactions to stress. d. Making efforts to keep body healthy from damaging potential of stress. TERM 24
Burnout
DEFINITION 24 Physical and emotional exhaustion, cynicism, and lowered sense of self-efficacy that can be brought on gradually by chronic, work-related stress. TERM 25
Immune response
DEFINITION 25 The bodys defensive reaction to invasion by bacteria, viral agents, or other foreign substances.
The boss will finally recognize how really
valuable I am to the company, and Ill be
getting a big promotion.
Fantasy TERM 32
Ive been trying really hard to make a good
impression by saying Hi to everyone I see,
especially the boss, and telling jokes.
DEFINITION 32 Overcompensation TERM 33
Its really pretty interesting to observe how all
these relationships unfold between guys who
work together and people who manage"
them.
DEFINITION 33 Intellectualization (isolation) TERM 34
Marie is late for an appointment but is stuck
in line at the bank
DEFINITION 34 Frustration TERM 35
Tamika decides that she wont be satisfied
unless she gets straight As this year
DEFINITION 35 Pressure
Jose has just graduated from business school
and has taken an exciting new job
Change TERM 37
Morris has just been fired from his job and
needs to find another
DEFINITION 37 Change and pressure
