Download Power and Governments: Types, Theories, and Examples and more Quizzes Introduction to Sociology in PDF only on Docsity!
1. authority 2. coercion
2 types of power TERM 2
authority
DEFINITION 2 (type of power) legit and accepted by the people being ruled over; this type is stable TERM 3
conflict theory
DEFINITION 3 (theory) says that technological changes created surplus for trade. certain groups own the means to produce these goods--this created a powerful ruling class TERM 4
two-party system
DEFINITION 4 operates on a winner-take-all basis which excludes minority representation TERM 5
functionalist theory
DEFINITION 5 (theory) views that the state and the stratification it maintains as necessary so that it can recruit workers to perform the needed tasks to sustain society; says that the state emerged because society grew large and complicated, so only a special, centralized insitution could only emerge society's complicated and intertwined institutions
1. use terror 2. control media 3. control
military 4. control economy 5. elaborate
idealology
5 ways totalitarian governments operate TERM 7
democracy
DEFINITION 7 (def) has not always been regarded as the best form of government; operates on a system of consitutionalism, representative government, majority rule, civilian rule, and minority rights TERM 8
North Korea, Burma, Syriam Hussein's Iraq
DEFINITION 8 4 examples of totalitarian governments TERM 9
representative
DEFINITION 9 (def) authorty is achieved through popular elections TERM 10
constitutionalism
DEFINITION 10 (def) means the government power is limited
totalitarianism
(def) when one group virtually has total control of the nation's social instituion; single political party TERM 17
state (in complex societies)
DEFINITION 17 (def) the insitutionalized way of organizing power within territorial limits TERM 18
Socrates
DEFINITION 18 philosopher who said "the unexamined life is not worth living"; believed that evil and wrong acts arose from ignorance and the failure to investigate why people do what they do TERM 19
Plato
DEFINITION 19 philosopher who felt that the most just form of government would be and aristocracy of rule by a select few, these few would not inherit their power but would be trained to execute their duties TERM 20
aristocracy
DEFINITION 20 (def) the rule by a select few; a form of oligarchy
coercion
(type of power) regarded as an illegitimate compliance of the ruled is based on fear; this type is not stable TERM 22
legal-rational theory
DEFINITION 22 (type of authority) theory that says that power is invested in the office (ex. presidency) TERM 23
1. legal-rational theory 2. traditional 3.
charismatic
DEFINITION 23 3 types of authority according to Weber TERM 24
traditional
DEFINITION 24 (type of authority) says that power is not rooted in customs of the past that legitimize the current authority; power is hereditary (ex. royal families TERM 25
charismatic
DEFINITION 25 (type of authorty) derives from a rules' ability to inspire passion and devotion among follwers; certain quality of an individual personality, by virtue of which they set apart from ordinary individuals and treated as if they were endowed with supernatural, superhuman, or specifically exceptional powers or qualities
