Partial preview of the text
Download Chapter 15- The Digestive System- Lecture | BIOL - Anatomy & Physiology and more Quizzes Physiology in PDF only on Docsity!
1) Those making up the alimentary canal 2)
Accessory digestive organs
Organs of the Digestive System are Divided into what two
groups?
TERM 2
1) Ingestion 2) Digestion 3) Absorption 4)
Defacation
DEFINITION 2
What are the four functions of the GI tract?
TERM 3
Mouth, Pharynx, Esophagus, Stomach, Small
Intestine, Large Intestine
DEFINITION 3
What are the seven organs of the alimentary canal?
TERM 4
Mouth
DEFINITION 4
Mucous Membrane consisting of the lips, cheeks, hard palate,
soft palate, uvula, and vestibule (the part between the teeth
and gums)
TERM 5
Nasopharynx, Oropharynx, Laryngopharynx
DEFINITION 5
The Pharynx Consists of what three divisions?
1. Oropharynx 2. Nasopharynx 3.
Laryngopharynx
The Pharynx consists of three divisions. Which division1. Is
posterior to the oral cavity2. Is part of the respiratory
passageway3. Continues with the esophagus below?
TERM 7
Esophagus
DEFINITION 7
Goes from the pharynx through the diaphrahm to the
stomach
TERM 8
The _____ travel from the esophagus to the
large intestine
DEFINITION 8
The walls of the GI tract travel from the _______ to the _______
TERM 9
Mucosa, Submucosa, Muscularis Externa,
Serosa
DEFINITION 9
The esophagus is made up of what four basic tissue layers?
TERM 10
Mucosa
DEFINITION 10
-The inner-most tissue layer of the esophagus-Made of
surface epithelium and a small amount of connective tissue,
which is called the lamina propria
Simple Squamous
The serosa tissue layer of the esophagus is composed of
what type of tissue?
TERM 17
diaphragm and liver
DEFINITION 17
The stomach is nearly hidden by the
TERM 18
Gastrin, Intrinsic Factor, HCL, Pepsinogen,
Mucus
DEFINITION 18
What are the five secretions of the stomach?
TERM 19
Gastrin
DEFINITION 19
Secreted by special cells in the stomach to stimulate the
gasric juices of the stomach to aid in digestion
TERM 20
Intrinsic
Factor
DEFINITION 20
Secreted by the parietal cells of the stomach to stimulate the
intestinal cells to absorb Vitamin B
____ stimulates the intestinal cells to absorb
____
Intrinsic Factor stimulates _____ to absorb Vitamin B
TERM 22
HCL
DEFINITION 22
Secreted by the parietal cells of the stomach to aid in
digestion of food
TERM 23
Pepsinogen
DEFINITION 23
-Secreted by the chief cells of the stomach-Is activated and
changed to pepsin by the HCL-Pepsin aids in the digestion of
protiens
TERM 24
Mucus
DEFINITION 24
-Secreted by the mucous neck cells of the stomach-Protects
the lining of the stomach
TERM 25
Small Intestine
DEFINITION 25
The body's major digestive organ
Secretin
This hormone secreted by the small intestine stimulates the
secretion of the pancreas and liver
TERM 32
Cholecystokinin (CCK)
DEFINITION 32
This hormone secreted by the small intestine stimulates the
gall bladder
TERM 33
Peptidase
DEFINITION 33
This hormone secreted by the small intestine is secreted by
the microvilli to help break down the peptide chains of
protiens into amino acids.
TERM 34
Goblet Cells
DEFINITION 34
The large intestine has a large amount of ______
TERM 35
Haustra
DEFINITION 35
Pocket like sacs in the large intestine formed by three bands
of smooth longitudinal muscle called teniae coli.
Teniae Coli
Three bands of longitudinal muscle of the large intestine.
These muscle bands are usually partially contracted, causing
the wall to pucker into small pocketlike sacs called haustra
TERM 37
Water Absorption, Absorption of vitamins B
and K, Compaction of Feces.
DEFINITION 37
What are the three major functions of the Large Intestine?
TERM 38
Cecum, Colon, Rectum
DEFINITION 38
What are the 3 parts of the large intestine?
TERM 39
Villi
DEFINITION 39
What is not found in the colon?
TERM 40
1) Ascending Colon, hepatic flexure 2)
Transverse Colon, Splenic flexure 3)
Descending Colo
DEFINITION 40
What are the parts of the colon?
Pancreatic
Lipase
What pancreatic enzymes break down Lipids?
TERM 47
Pancreatic
Nucleases
DEFINITION 47
What pancreatic enzymes break down nucleic acids?
TERM 48
Liver
DEFINITION 48
What is the largest gland in the body?
TERM 49
Liver
DEFINITION 49
Where is bile synthesized?
TERM 50
Gall bladder
DEFINITION 50
Where is bile stored?
Ingestion
Taking in of food into mouth, chewing (mastication) and
swallowing
TERM 52
Peristalsis, Segmentation, Food
breakdown
DEFINITION 52
What are the three types of propulsion?
TERM 53
Peristalsis
DEFINITION 53
Type of propulsion that involves the contraction of smooth
muscle to propel food down the GI tract
TERM 54
Segmentation
DEFINITION 54
Type of propulsion that moves back and forth to help mix
food with the digestive juices (this is more of an example of
mechanical digestion)
TERM 55
Food breakdown
DEFINITION 55
Type of propulsion that is chemical digestion, is a sequence
of steps of breaking large food molecules into their building
blocks by enzymes, bile, and acid.
