Download Chapter 2 - Research Enterprise in Psychology | PSY 2013 - HNRS INTRO TO PSYCHOLOGY and more Quizzes Psychology in PDF only on Docsity!
3 Goals of the Scientific Enterprise
- Measurement and Description 2. Understanding and Prediction 3. Application and Control TERM 2
5 Steps of Scientific Investigation
DEFINITION 2
- Formulate a testable hypothesis 2. Select the research method and design the study 3. Collect the data 4. Analyze the data and draw conclusions 5. Report the findings TERM 3
6 Key Data Collection Techniques
DEFINITION 3
- Direct Observation 2. Questionnaire 3. Interview 4. Psychological Test 5. Physiological Recording 6. Examination of Archival Records TERM 4
Experimental
Research
DEFINITION 4 Research in which the investigator manipulates a variable under carefully controlled conditions and observes whether any changes occur in a second variable as a result. This allows researchers to detect cause-and-effect relationships. TERM 5
What is Cause and Effect
DEFINITION 5 Cause creates effect. X rises and Y rises, does X cause Y ro rise? Not to be mistake with correlation!
Independent Variable
A condition or event that an experimenter varies in order to see its impact on another variable. It is the variable the experimenter controls or manipulates. It is hypothesized to have some effect on the dependent variable. TERM 7
Dependent Variable
DEFINITION 7 The variable that is thought to be affected by manipulation of the independent variable. TERM 8
Experimental Group
DEFINITION 8 This group consists of subjects who receive some special treatment in regard to the independent variable. TERM 9
Control Group
DEFINITION 9 This group consists of subjects who do not receive the special treatment given to the experimental group. TERM 10
Descriptive/Correlational
Research
DEFINITION 10 allows investigators to see if there is an association between variables of interest
Distortion in Self-Report Data
Most problematic distortion in self-report data is the social desirability bias, which is a tendency to give socially approved answers to questions about oneself. TERM 17
Experimenter Bias
DEFINITION 17 Occurs when a researcher's expectations or preferences about the outcome of a study influence the results obtained. Experimenter bias can be neutralizzed with the double-blind procedure TERM 18
Six APA Ethical Guidelines
DEFINITION 18
- VOLUNTARY, INFORMED, WITHDRAW ANYTIME 2. NO HARM
- DEBRIEF DECEPTION ASAP 4. RIGHT TO PRIVACY 5. JUSTIFY HARMFUL ANIMAL RESEARCH 6. PRIOR APPROVAL - ACCURATE RESULTS
