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Anatomy and Physiology of the Cardiovascular System: Arteries, Heart, and Blood Cells, Quizzes of Biology

Definitions and explanations of various terms related to the anatomy and physiology of the cardiovascular system, including the functions of arteries, the heart's role in pumping blood, the cardiac cycle, heart valves, cardiac output, heart rate, and different types of blood cells. It also covers important concepts such as diastole and systole, pulmonary and systemic circuits, and electrocardiograms.

Typology: Quizzes

2011/2012

Uploaded on 03/04/2012

shae-lovesgod12
shae-lovesgod12 🇺🇸

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TERM 1
Arteries
DEFINITION 1
Carries blood away from the heart to body organs and
tissues
TERM 2
Arteries
DEFINITION 2
Carries blood away from the heart to body organs and
tissues
TERM 3
When the heart____, it pumps blood
DEFINITION 3
Contracts
TERM 4
Cardiac cycle
DEFINITION 4
A rhythmic sequence of contraction and relaxation of the
heart
TERM 5
When the heart ___ , blood fills its chambers
DEFINITION 5
Relaxes
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Arteries

Carries blood away from the heart to body organs and tissues TERM 2

Arteries

DEFINITION 2 Carries blood away from the heart to body organs and tissues TERM 3

When the heart____, it pumps blood

DEFINITION 3 Contracts TERM 4

Cardiac cycle

DEFINITION 4 A rhythmic sequence of contraction and relaxation of the heart TERM 5

When the heart ___ , blood fills its chambers

DEFINITION 5 Relaxes

Diastole

The phase in which the heart is relaxed... Blood flows into all four chambers. TERM 7

Systole

DEFINITION 7 The contraction phase of the cardiac cycle TERM 8

During ___ blood flows from the veins into the

heart chambers

DEFINITION 8 Diastole TERM 9

During ___ blood flows from the atria into the

ventricles

DEFINITION 9 Systole TERM 10

Cardiac output

DEFINITION 10 The volume of blood that each ventricle pumps per minute

systemic

circuit

carries blood between the heart and the rest of the body TERM 17

amphibians, turtles, snakes, and lizards have

___ chambered hearts

DEFINITION 17 3 TERM 18

superior vena cava

DEFINITION 18 The superior vena cava is a large diameter, yet short, vein that carries deoxygenated blood from the upper half of the body to the heart's right atrium. TERM 19

inferior vena cava

DEFINITION 19 The inferior vena cava, also known as the posterior vena cava, is the large vein that carries de-oxygenated blood from the lower half of the body into the right atrium of the heart. TERM 20

blood leaves the heart through the _____

DEFINITION 20 aorta

electrocardiogram (ECG)

records electrical changes in the heart. TERM 22

cardiovascular disease

DEFINITION 22 Cardiovascular disease or heart disease is a class of diseases that involve the heart or blood vessels. TERM 23

stroke

DEFINITION 23 the death of brain tissue due to the lack of O2 resulting from the rupture or blockage of arteries in the head. TERM 24

atherosclerosis

DEFINITION 24 Atherosclerosis is a condition in which an artery wall thickens as a result of the accumulation of fatty materials such as cholesterol. TERM 25

capillaries

DEFINITION 25 have thin walls consisting of a single layer of epithelial cells are narrow, about as wide as one red blood cell increases surface area for gas and fluid exchange with the interstitial fluid.

Hypertension

causes the heart to work harder, weakening the heart over time. increases plaque formation from tiny ruptures increases risk of blood clot formation It can contribute to.... heart attacks, strokes, and kidney failure. TERM 32

precapillary sphincters

DEFINITION 32 restricts the blood flow through the capillaries TERM 33

____ forces fluid out of capillaries at the ____

end

DEFINITION 33 blood pressure, arterial end TERM 34

____ pressure draw in fluid at the ____ end

DEFINITION 34 osmotic, venous TERM 35

plasma

DEFINITION 35 about 90% water and contains many different types of blood cells

multipotent stem cells

unspecialized cells that replace themselves througout the life of an organism. TERM 37

what are the two main types of stem cells?

DEFINITION 37 lymphoid stem cells myeloid stem cells TERM 38

lymphoid stem cells

DEFINITION 38 can in turn produce two types of lymphocytes, which function in the immune system. TERM 39

myeloid stem cells

DEFINITION 39 can defferentiate into erythrocytes other white blood cells platelets