Chapter 5: The Cultural Environment Exam Study Guide - Latest Updated 2024/2025, Exams of Nursing

Download Chapter 5: The Cultural Environment Exam Study Guide - Latest Updated 2024/2025 and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!

Exam Study Guide Latest Updated

The Best Study Notes

Exam Study Guide Latest Updated 2024/

TRUE/FALSE

1. Research studies find that culture is not learned; rather it is inherited.

ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Easy REF: p. 118 OBJ: LO: 05-01 NAT: BUSPROG: Diversity STA: DISC: Environmental Influence KEY: Bloom's: Knowledge

2. Verbal and non-verbal communication are the two primary types of language.

ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Easy REF: p. 118 OBJ: LO: 05-02 NAT: BUSPROG: Diversity STA: DISC: Environmental Influence KEY: Bloom's: Knowledge

3. The primary reason why language mistakes occur in global business is that organizations tend to use backward translation.

ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Moderate REF: p. 119 OBJ: LO: 05 - 02 NAT: BUSPROG: Diversity STA: DISC: Environmental Influence KEY: Bloom's: Analysis

4. In Kuwait, weekends are Monday and Tuesday, not Saturday and Sunday as they are in most Western nations.

ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Moderate REF: p. 120 OBJ: LO: 05-02 NAT: BUSPROG: Diversity STA: DISC: Environmental Influence KEY: Bloom's: Knowledge

5. In Arab countries, business executives will often digress from the primary purpose of the meeting, then eventually return to the topic initially discussed.

ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Moderate REF: p. 121 OBJ: LO: 05-02 NAT: BUSPROG: Diversity STA: DISC: Environmental Influence KEY: Bloom's: Comprehension

6. Mexican negotiators will frequently engage in long periods of silence, or may have peripheral discussions among one another while ignoring foreign business people in the room.

ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Challenging REF: p. 121 OBJ: LO: 05-02 NAT: BUSPROG: Diversity STA: DISC: Environmental Influence KEY: Bloom's: Comprehension

Exam Study Guide Latest Updated 2024/

REF: p. 128 OBJ: LO: 05-05 NAT: BUSPROG: Diversity STA: DISC: Environmental Influence KEY: Bloom's: Comprehension

14. Guanxi refers to the relationship between subordinates and superiors. It denotes friendship among unequals involving unlimited exchanges of favors; thus, it is not based upon sentiment.

ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Moderate REF: p. 129 OBJ: LO: 05-05 NAT: BUSPROG: Diversity STA: DISC: Environmental Influence KEY: Bloom's: Comprehension

15. Latin Americans are not as conscious about time as are North Americans.

ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Moderate REF: p. 131 OBJ: LO: 05 - 05 NAT: BUSPROG: Diversity STA: DISC: Environmental Influence KEY: Bloom's: Comprehension

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Which of the following statements about culture is NOT true? a. It is a concept that is relaively easy to define. b. There are many different components of culture. c. Culture involves how a group of people behave, what they value and appreciate, and many other aspects. d. There are four charecteristics of culture. e. Culture is learned, not inherited.

ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Moderate REF: p. 118 OBJ: LO: 05-01 NAT: BUSPROG: Diversity STA: DISC: Environmental Influence KEY: Bloom's: Analysis

2. Of the following, which is NOT a charcteristic of culture that is important for global companies to recognize? a. Culture is learned, not inherited. b. It is nearly impossible to change an entire country’s culture. c. It is the responsibility of the global firm to ascertain the level of importance of various aspects of culture in the foreign markets it serves. d. Companies’ operations, cheifly marketing and management, need to recognize and adjust to the cultural environment existing in the countries the global company serves. e. Culture can be imposed from home country to host country.

ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Moderate REF: p. 118 OBJ: LO: 05-01 NAT: BUSPROG: Diversity STA: DISC: Environmental Influence KEY: Bloom's: Analysis

Exam Study Guide Latest Updated 2024/

3. Mexican business executives who buy business-to-business products from U.S. suppliers indicate that “knowledge of the mexican culture” and “enthusiasm” were the most important cutural variables determining from which supplier they purchased. this example of which of the four charecteristics of culture which is important for global companies to recognize? a. Culture is larned, not inherited. b. It is nearly impossible to change an entire county’s culture. c. It is the responsibility of the global firm to ascertain the level of importance of various aspects of culture in the foreign markets it serves. d. Companies’ operations, chiefly marketing and management, need to recognize and adjust to the cultural environment existing in the countries the global company serves. e. Culture is inherited, not learned.

ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Challenging REF: p. 118 OBJ: LO: 05-01 NAT: BUSPROG: Diversity STA: DISC: Environmental Influence KEY: Bloom's: Application

4. communication refers to tone of voice, gestures, eye contact, body positions, facial grimaces, and other body language that accompanies verbal communication. a. Verbal b. Nonverbal c. Informal d. Formal e. Backward

ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Easy REF: p. 118 OBJ: LO: 05 - 02 NAT: BUSPROG: Communication STA: DISC: Environmental Influence KEY: Bloom's: Knowledge

5. In translation, a message is translated from English to another language, then someone skilled in that foreign language translates it back into English; this second translation can then be compared to the original English version. a. vertical b. horizontal c. forward d. backward e. diagonal

ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Moderate REF: p. 119 OBJ: LO: 05-02 NAT: BUSPROG: Communication STA: DISC: Environmental Influence KEY: Bloom's: Knowledge

6. Of the following, which is NOT true reguarding religion as a cultural aspect? a. In Muslim countries, American companies cannot antcipate employing women because they are not encouraged to work outside the home. b. Different religions observe different holidays. c. Jews observe a number of annual holidays, including Purim, Passover, and

Exam Study Guide Latest Updated 2024/

b. attitude c. manners and customs d. stance e. outlook

ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Challenging REF: p. 121 OBJ: LO: 05-02 NAT: BUSPROG: Diversity STA: DISC: Environmental Influence KEY: Bloom's: Application

11. In China, consumers drink soup, which usually contains rice, and do not use a spoon. In Muslim countries, it would be inappropriate to bring a gift for another man’s wife. These are example of cultural _. a. value b. attitude c. manners and customs d. stance e. outlook ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Challenging REF: p. 121 OBJ: LO: 05-02 NAT: BUSPROG: Diversity STA: DISC: Environmental Influence KEY: Bloom's: Application
12. infrastructure refers to housing, medical services, and educational institutions. a. Material b. Technological c. Social d. Financial e. Economic

ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Easy REF: p. 121 OBJ: LO: 05-02 NAT: BUSPROG: Diversity STA: DISC: Environmental Influence KEY: Bloom's: Knowledge

13. The color black in the United States indicates mourning, but in Japan white is the color of mourning. Green is an acceptable color in Muslim countries; all flags of those countries contain green. These are examples of which of the following? a. Material culture b. Aesthetics c. Social institutions d. Stratification e. Intangible culture

ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Challenging REF: p. 122 OBJ: LO: 05-02 NAT: BUSPROG: Diversity STA: DISC: Environmental Influence KEY: Bloom's: Application

14. refers to the way people in a society relate to one another within group settings. a. Material culture

Exam Study Guide Latest Updated 2024/

b. Aesthetics c. Social institution d. Stratification e. Intangible culture

ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Easy REF: p. 122 OBJ: LO: 05-02 NAT: BUSPROG: Diversity STA: DISC: Group Dynamics KEY: Bloom's: Knowledge

15. The extent to which groups at the top of the social pyramid exert control over others at the lower levers of the pyramid is referred to as. a. material culture b. aesthetics c. a social institution d. social stratification e. intangible culture

ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Easy REF: p. 122 OBJ: LO: 05-02 NAT: BUSPROG: Diversity STA: DISC: Group Dynamics KEY: Bloom's: Knowledge

16. Of the following, which is NOT a cultural level identified by Hofstede? a. Individualism vs. collectivism b. Power distance c. Masculine vs. feminine d. Uncertainty avoidance e. Internal control vs. external control

ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Moderate REF: p. 123 OBJ: LO: 05-03 NAT: BUSPROG: Diversity STA: DISC: Environmental Influence KEY: Bloom's: Analysis

17. Of the following, which dimension identified by Hofstede refers to the extent to which societies tolerate risk or are risk averse? a. Individualism vs. collectivism b. Power distance c. Masculine vs. feminine d. Uncertainty avoidance e. Internal control vs. external control

ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Easy REF: p. 123 OBJ: LO: 05-03 NAT: BUSPROG: Diversity STA: DISC: Environmental Influence KEY: Bloom's: Knowledge

18. Of the following, which dimension identified by Hofstede refers to the level of egalitarianism in a society? a. Individualism vs. collectivism b. Power distance

Exam Study Guide Latest Updated 2024/

e. Latin Europe ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Challenging REF: p. 124 OBJ: LO: 05-03 NAT: BUSPROG: Diversity STA: DISC: Environmental Influence KEY: Bloom's: Knowledge

23. Of the following, which is NOT a primary or secondary source that can be used to learn about foreign countries’ cultures? a. The U.S. Department of Commerce Commercial Guide b. The Economist’s Intelligence Unit c. Culture Grams d. Craigshead’s International Business, Travel and Relocation Guide to 84 Countries e. Forbes’s Countries of the World

ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Challenging REF: p. 127 OBJ: LO: 05-04 NAT: BUSPROG: Diversity STA: DISC: Environmental Influence KEY: Bloom's: Knowledge

24. Of the following, which provides cultural information for 133 countries? a. The U.S. Department of Commerce Commercial Guide b. The Economist’s Intelligence Unit c. Culture Grams d. Craigshead’s International Business, Travel and Relocation Guide to 84 Countries e. Forbes’s Countries of the World ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Challenging REF: p. 127 OBJ: LO: 05-04 NAT: BUSPROG: Diversity STA: DISC: Environmental Influence KEY: Bloom's: Knowledge
25. Of the following, which is NOT a cultural aspect of doing business in Korea? a. The number 1 is good, whereas the number 4 signifies death. b. Business card etiquette is the most important aspect of closing the deal. c. Younger brothers and sisters are not allowed to use the names of their older siblings. d. “Yangban” refers to the noble class. e. Children are not supposed to say their parents’ names, even when used with a title.

ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Moderate REF: p. 128 OBJ: LO: 05-05 NAT: BUSPROG: Diversity STA: DISC: Environmental Influence KEY: Bloom's: Analysis

26. Of the following, which is NOT a cultural aspect of doing business in Korea? a. The number 1 is good, whereas the number 4 signifies death. b. Avoid sitting so that the sole of one’s shoe is shown. c. Younger brothers and sisters are not allowed to use the names of their older siblings. d. “We” is more important than “I.” e. Children are not supposed to say their parents’ names, even when used with a title.

Exam Study Guide Latest Updated 2024/

ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Moderate REF: p. 129 OBJ: LO: 05-05 NAT: BUSPROG: Diversity STA: DISC: Environmental Influence KEY: Bloom's: Analysis

27. refers to a Chinese philosophy examining the relationship between subordinates and supervisors. It denotes friendship among unequals involving unlimited exchanges of favors. a. Guanxi b. Inwa c. Yangban d. Stratification e. Aesthetics

ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Moderate REF: p. 129 OBJ: LO: 05-05 NAT: BUSPROG: Diversity STA: DISC: Environmental Influence KEY: Bloom's: Knowledge

28. In , teachers are so revered that walking in their shadows is viewed as impolite. a. Latin America b. Korea c. Russia d. Arab countries e. India

ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Moderate REF: p. 129 OBJ: LO: 05-05 NAT: BUSPROG: Diversity STA: DISC: Environmental Influence KEY: Bloom's: Knowledge

29. refers to a Korean philosophy stressing harmony among unequals, loyalty to parents and authority figures, and superiors being responsible for the well-being of subordinates. a. Guanxi b. Inwa c. Yangban d. Stratification e. Aesthetics

ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Easy REF: p. 129 OBJ: LO: 05-05 NAT: BUSPROG: Diversity STA: DISC: Environmental Influence KEY: Bloom's: Knowledge

30. When doing business in , it is important to understand that potential customers want to develop a personal relationship before doing business with foreign executives. Dinner exchanges and lunch meetings provide a good time for executives to get to know one another better. Dinners most often occur in the late evening, at 9 or 10pm. a. China b. Japan c. Korea d. Latin America

Exam Study Guide Latest Updated 2024/

ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Easy REF: p. 123 OBJ: LO: 05-03 NAT: BUSPROG: Diversity STA: DISC: Environmental Influence KEY: Bloom's: Knowledge

35. Of the following, which dimension identified by Hofstede refers to the extent to which a society minimizes gender inequality? a. Time orientation b. Power distance c. Masculine vs. feminine d. Uncertainty avoidance e. Internal control vs. external control

ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Easy REF: p. 123 OBJ: LO: 05-06 NAT: BUSPROG: Diversity STA: DISC: Environmental Influence KEY: Bloom's: Knowledge

COMPLETION

1. refers to learned behavior; a way of life for one group of people living in a single, related and independent community.

REF: p. 118

STA: DISC: Environmental Influence KEY: Bloom's: Knowledge

2. The ability of a firm to adjust to a culture different from it own is referred to as.

REF: p. 118

STA: DISC: Environmental Influence KEY: Bloom's: Knowledge

3. The cultral dimension involves the worth of the individual versus the worth of the groups of which that person is a member (“me versus the group”).

ANS: individualism vs. collectivism

PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Easy REF: p. 123 OBJ: LO: 05-03 NAT: BUSPROG: Diversity STA: DISC: Environmental Influence KEY: Bloom's: Knowledge

ANS: Culture

PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Easy OBJ: LO: 05-01 NAT: BUSPROG: Diversity

ANS: acculturation

PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Easy OBJ: LO: 05-02 NAT: BUSPROG: Diversity

Exam Study Guide Latest Updated 2024/

4. The extent to which a society values traditionally masculine attributes (assertiveness, competition) or traditionally feminine ones (modesty, caring for others) is known as the dimension.

ANS: masculine vs. feminine

PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Easy REF: p. 123 OBJ: LO: 05-03 NAT: BUSPROG: Diversity STA: DISC: Environmental Influence KEY: Bloom's: Knowledge

5. is the cultural dimension that refers to egalitarianism (equality) versus authority.

ANS: Power distance

PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Moderate REF: p. 123 OBJ: LO: 05-03 NAT: BUSPROG: Diversity STA: DISC: Environmental Influence KEY: Bloom's: Knowledge

6. dimension refers to the extent to which societies tolerate risk or are risk averse.

ANS: Uncertainty avoidance

PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Moderate REF: p. 123 OBJ: LO: 05-03 NAT: BUSPROG: Diversity STA: DISC: Environmental Influence KEY: Bloom's: Knowledge

7. The cultural dimension that refers to extent to which a society emphasizes short-run or long-run time horizons is know as.

ANS: time Orientation

PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Easy REF: p. 123 OBJ: LO: 05-03 NAT: BUSPROG: Diversity STA: DISC: Environmental Influence KEY: Bloom's: Knowledge

8. is Trompenaar’s cultural variable that refers to the importance of rules versus relationships.

ANS: Universalism vs. particularism

PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Moderate REF: p. 123 OBJ: LO: 05-03 NAT: BUSPROG: Diversity STA: DISC: Environmental Influence KEY: Bloom's: Knowledge

9. The extent to which a society expresses itself emotionally is defined by Hofstede as variable.

Exam Study Guide Latest Updated 2024/

ESSAY

1. Briefly describe the four characteristics of culture important for global companies.

ANS: Student answers will vary.

PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Moderate REF: p. 118 OBJ: LO: 05-01 NAT: BUSPROG: Diversity STA: DISC: Environmental Influence KEY: Bloom's: Comprehension

2. Briefly describe any four elements of culture. Provide an example of each.

ANS: Student answers will vary.

PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Moderate REF: p. 118- OBJ: LO: 05-02 NAT: BUSPROG: Diversity STA: DISC: Environmental Influence KEY: Bloom's: Comprehension

3. Describe five dimensions of Hofstede’s research using country examples for each.

ANS: Student answers will vary.

PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Moderate REF: p. 123 OBJ: LO: 05-03 NAT: BUSPROG: Diversity STA: DISC: Environmental Influence KEY: Bloom's: Comprehension

4. Trompenaars builds upon work of Hofstede’s research. Describe the added cultural dimensions of Trompenaars using country examples for each.

ANS: Student answers will vary.

PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Moderate REF: p. 123 OBJ: LO: 05-03 NAT: BUSPROG: Diversity STA: DISC: Environmental Influence KEY: Bloom's: Comprehension

5. Compare and contrast the cultural dimensions of Hofstede’s research and the GLOBE project.

ANS: Student answers will vary.

Exam Study Guide Latest Updated 2024/

PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Challenging REF: p. 123- OBJ: LO: 05-03 NAT: BUSPROG: Diversity STA: DISC: Environmental Influence KEY: Bloom's: Analysis

6. Describe the cultural dimensions of doing business in Japan.

ANS: Student answers will vary.

PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Moderate REF: p. 127- OBJ: LO: 05-05 NAT: BUSPROG: Diversity STA: DISC: Environmental Influence KEY: Bloom's: Comprehension

7. Differentiate between the cultural dimensions of doing business in Korea and China.

ANS: Student answers will vary.

PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Challenging REF: p. 128- OBJ: LO: 05-05 NAT: BUSPROG: Diversity STA: DISC: Environmental Influence KEY: Bloom's: Analysis

8. Explain why culture is important in global marketing.

ANS: Student answers will vary.

PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Challenging REF: p. 132- OBJ: LO: 05-06 NAT: BUSPROG: Diversity STA: DISC: Environmental Influence KEY: Bloom's: Comprehension

CASE

Scenario – Reardon Enterprises

Reardon Enterprises was founded in 1985 by Jonas and Samuel Reardon. Initially this company was based solely in Santa Fe, New Mexico and sold products only in the U.S. market. Now, this organization has grown to become fifth in the fine glassware industry in the world. It proudly claims the distinction of having 14 manufacturing facilities located on foreign soil. It currently provides its delicate and refined glass products to 24 foreign marketplaces around the world.

Exam Study Guide Latest Updated 2024/

a. Formal manners and attire are valued at dinner business meetings b. Business dealings must be discussed first and decisions made quickly c. Development of a personal relationship should come before conducting business d. Time is not an essential entity in that culture for it is believed there is always tomorrow e. Dinner meetings are considered a time to get to know those who would be doing business together

ANS:

b

PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Challenging REF: p. 127- OBJ: LO: 05-04| LO: 05-05 NAT: BUSPROG: Reflective Thinking STA: DISC: Environmental Influence KEY: Bloom's: Evaluation

Scenario – The Sandman Group

The Sandman Group is a multinational pharmaceutical business, which provides needed medications to a variety of foreign markets around the globe. It has recently acquired a new customer that is based in Saudi Arabia. This area of the world is new to the company. Sandman plans to send ten representatives and managers to the Saudi region to better serve this new client’s needs. The company feels confident in its products and its people and believes strongly they will be able to accommodate the needs of this client.

4. The Sandman Group realizes the business must be able to adjust to the vastly different Saudi culture quickly in order to retain this new client. Which of the following best describes what the Sandman Group needs to accomplish? a. Proliferation b. Ascription c. Acculturation d. Guanxi e. Social stratification

ANS:

c

PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Easy REF: p. 118- OBJ: LO: 05-01| LO: 05-02 NAT: BUSPROG: Reflective Thinking STA: DISC: Environmental Influence KEY: Bloom's: Analysis

5. The representatives of Sandman must be aware of cultural do’s and don’ts of the Saudi Arabia region. Which one of the following would be considered unacceptable or inappropriate for them to do during a business meeting? a. Maintaining good posture. b. Not inquiring about the wives of foreign businessmen.

Exam Study Guide Latest Updated 2024/

c. Not overly praising the possessions of the Arab host. d. Not bringing a woman to the meeting without first seeking the host's approval. e. Sitting with the sole of the shoe showing.

ANS:

e

PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Moderate REF: p. 130 OBJ: LO: 05-05 NAT: BUSPROG: Reflective Thinking STA: DISC: Environmental Influence KEY: Bloom's: Evaluation

6. The Sandman Group is determined to be successful in its business dealings with its newest Saudi customer. It has been working diligently with the ten representatives and managers it plans to send into the region. Sandman wants each one to be well versed in the culture of the region before they depart on their assignment. Which one of the following would not be of high concern for those individuals to learn before leaving the United States? a. Effective verbal communication skills b. Awareness of non-verbal language and its meanings c. Food for eating must be prepared in the halal way d. Financial infrastructure of the region e. Knowledge of the value system of the region

ANS:

d

PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Moderate REF: p. 118- OBJ: LO: 05-02 NAT: BUSPROG: Reflective Thinking STA: DISC: Environmental Influence KEY: Bloom's: Evaluation