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Congruence
Means that a person is experiencing feelings that are " available to him, available to his awareness, and he is able to live these feelings; be them and able to communicate them if appropriate." No one is perfectly congruent. Occurs when the real or actual self and the ideal self are in alignment and no inconsistencies exist. TERM 2
Incongruence
DEFINITION 2 A discrepancy between how an experience ought to be and how it really is, which leads to anxiety and emotional or psychological discomfort. The ideal self and real self are in conflict. TERM 3
Conditions of Worth
DEFINITION 3 A particular set of specific standards imposed on a person when his or her value is judged by others such as parents, family, loved ones, teachers, and persons in authority. TERM 4
Unconditional Positive Regard
DEFINITION 4 A term coined by the humanist Carl Rogers, is blanket acceptance and support of a person regardless of what the person says or does. The person is accepted as a whole with no conditions places upon him or her. TERM 5
Genuineness
DEFINITION 5 Means a person (generally a therapist) is able to be herself fully and completely. Is conscious of own feelings and is willing to express them openly and honestly.
Empathy
An interpersonal process central to the psychotherapy relationship. Not a specific behavior, but an attitude and an experiencing of the client, which is intertwined with the congruence and unconditional positive regard of the therapist. Literally translates as in feeling, is the capability to share another being's emotions and feelings. TERM 7
Self-Actualization
DEFINITION 7 Survive, maintain, and enhance their lives and moving toward maturation. TERM 8
Existential Therapy
DEFINITION 8 Existential psychotherapy is a method of therapy that operates on the belief that inner conflict within a person is due to that individual's confrontation with the givens of existence. Foundation in philosophy, not psychology. Largely influenced by Viktor Frankl. TERM 9
Despair
DEFINITION 9 Despair = suffering without meaning TERM 10
Origins of Existentialism
DEFINITION 10 That human existence is inexplicable. Humans, free to choose, are responsible for and are the consequences of their own actions.
Freedom and Responsibility
All individuals are the authors of their own lives, the products of their own choices, and need to take responsibility for who and what they are. Since everyone is free to create their own self, they in turn are responsible for the product. When a person is free, the person is able to say, I can, or I will. TERM 17
Anxiety &
Choice
DEFINITION 17 Anxiety- The "apprehension cued off by a threat to some value which the individual holds essential to his existence as a self." Anxiety surrounds choice, because every time we make a choice, we eliminate other opportunities. Each choice means we relinquish another. Our potential to choose has limits in our cosmic, cultural, genetic, and circumstantial destinies. TERM 18
Abnormal Functioning
DEFINITION 18 Failure to acknowledge freedom, responsibility and choice. Unwise choices, existential guilt, and failure to be authentic. TERM 19
Normal Behavior
DEFINITION 19 Person moving toward authenticity.... TERM 20
Logotherapy
DEFINITION 20 In logotherapy.... self-transcendence is key goal; self- actualization is only a step in transcendence process.
