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Energy
In physics, energy is the property that must be transferred to an object in order to perform work on, or to heat, the object. TERM 2
Potential Energy
DEFINITION 2 In physics, Potential Energy is the energy possessed by an object because of its position relative to other objects, stresses within itself, its electric charge, or other factors. TERM 3
Calorie
DEFINITION 3 Calories are units of energy. Various definitions exist but fall into two broad categories. The first, the small calorie, or gram calorie, is defined as the approximate amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of one gram of water by one degree Celsius at a pressure of one atmosphere. TERM 4
System
DEFINITION 4 A system is a regularly interacting or interdependent group of items forming a unified whole. Every system is delineated by its spatial and temporal boundaries, surrounded and influenced by its environment, described by its structure and purpose and expressed in its functioning. TERM 5
Entropy
DEFINITION 5 In statistical mechanics, entropy is related to the number of microscopic configurations that a thermodynamic system can have when in a state as specified by some macroscopic variables.
Heat
Heat is the amount of energy that flows spontaneously from a warmer object to a cooler one. More generally, heat arises from many microscopic-scale changes to the objects, and can be defined as the amount of transferred energy excluding both macroscopic work and transfer of part of the object itself. TERM 7
Joule
DEFINITION 7 The joule; symbol: J), is a derived unit of energy in the International System of Units. It is equal to the energy transferred to (or work done on) an object when a force of one newton acts on that object in the direction of its motion through a distance of one metre (1 newton metre or Nm). TERM 8
Chemical Reation
DEFINITION 8 A chemical reaction is a process that leads to the transformation of one set of chemical substances to another. TERM 9
Matter
DEFINITION 9 In the classical physics observed in everyday life, matter is any substance that has mass and takes up space by having volume. TERM 10
Light Energy
DEFINITION 10 In physics, and in particular as measured by radiometry, radiant energy is the energy of electromagnetic and gravitational radiation.
Enzyme
Enzymes are macromolecular biological catalysts. Enzymes accelerate chemical reactions. The molecules upon which enzymes may act are called substrates and the enzyme converts the substrates into different molecules known as products. TERM 17
Cofactor
DEFINITION 17 Given a factor a of a number TERM 18
Allosteric Site
DEFINITION 18 In biochemistry, allosteric regulation is the regulation of an enzyme by binding an effector molecule at a site other than the enzyme's active site. TERM 19
Catalyst
DEFINITION 19 Catalysis is the increase in the rate of a chemical reaction due to the participation of an additional substance called a catalyst (), which is not consumed in the catalyzed reaction and can continue to act repeatedly. TERM 20
Coenzyme
DEFINITION 20 A cofactor is a non-protein chemical compound or metallic ion that is required for a protein's biological activity to happen.
