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Anatomical Terms: A Glossary of Medical Terms Related to the Digestive System, Quizzes of Medical Sciences

Definitions for various medical terms related to the digestive system, including terms for organs, conditions, and procedures. The terms cover a range of topics, from common terms like 'appendix' and 'gallbladder' to more complex terms like 'cholangiography' and 'gastroesophageal reflux disease'. This glossary is useful for students and professionals in the medical field who need to understand the terminology used in the study and practice of human anatomy and physiology.

Typology: Quizzes

2009/2010

Uploaded on 08/10/2010

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TERM 1
append/o, appendic/o
DEFINITION 1
WR: appendix
TERM 2
chol/e
DEFINITION 2
WR: bile, gall
TERM 3
cholangi/o
DEFINITION 3
WR: bile vessel
TERM 4
cholecyst/o
DEFINITION 4
WR: gallbladder
TERM 5
choledoch/o
DEFINITION 5
WR: bile duct
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append/o, appendic/o

WR: appendix

TERM 2

chol/e

DEFINITION 2

WR: bile, gall

TERM 3

cholangi/o

DEFINITION 3

WR: bile vessel

TERM 4

cholecyst/o

DEFINITION 4

WR: gallbladder

TERM 5

choledoch/o

DEFINITION 5

WR: bile duct

col/o, colon/o

WR: colon

TERM 7

dent/o, odont/o

DEFINITION 7

WR: teeth

TERM 8

duoden/o

DEFINITION 8

WR: duodenum (first part of small intestine)

TERM 9

enter/o

DEFINITION 9

WR: intestine (usually small intestine)

TERM 10

esophag/o

DEFINITION 10

WR: esophagus

jejun/o

WR: jejunum (second part of small intestine)

TERM 17

or/o, stomat/o

DEFINITION 17

WR: mouth

TERM 18

pancreat/o

DEFINITION 18

WR: pancreas

TERM 19

pharyng/o

DEFINITION 19

WR: pharynx (throat)

TERM 20

proct/o

DEFINITION 20

WR: anus, rectum

ptyal/o, sial/o

WR: saliva, salivary gland (also aden/o)

TERM 22

pylor/o

DEFINITION 22

WR: pylorus

TERM 23

rect/o

DEFINITION 23

WR: rectum

TERM 24

sigmoid/o

DEFINITION 24

WR: sigmoid colon

TERM 25

aer/o

DEFINITION 25

WR: air

myc/o

WR: fungus

TERM 32

nas/o

DEFINITION 32

WR: nose

TERM 33

orth/o

DEFINITION 33

WR: straight

TERM 34

polyp/o

DEFINITION 34

WR: small growth

TERM 35

son/o

DEFINITION 35

WR: sound

therm/o

WR: heat

TERM 37

tom/o

DEFINITION 37

WR: to cut

TERM 38

tox/o, toxic/o

DEFINITION 38

WR: poison

TERM 39

ectomy

DEFINITION 39

S: excision, removal

TERM 40

plasty

DEFINITION 40

S: surgical repair

emesis

S: vomiting

TERM 47

gram

DEFINITION 47

S: record, writing

TERM 48

graphy

DEFINITION 48

S: process of recording

TERM 49

iasis

DEFINITION 49

S: abnormal condition (produced by something specified)

TERM 50

itis

DEFINITION 50

S: inflammation

lith

S: stone, calculus

TERM 52

logist

DEFINITION 52

S: specialist in study of

TERM 53

logy

DEFINITION 53

S: study of

TERM 54

megaly

DEFINITION 54

S: enlargement

TERM 55

oid

DEFINITION 55

S: resembling

prandial

S: meal

TERM 62

rrhea

DEFINITION 62

S: discharge, flow

TERM 63

scope

DEFINITION 63

S: instrument for examining

TERM 64

scopy

DEFINITION 64

S: visual examination

TERM 65

spasm

DEFINITION 65

S: involuntary contraction, twitching

stenosis

S: narrowing, stricture

TERM 67

tripsy

DEFINITION 67

S: crushing

TERM 68

al, ar, ary, eal,

ic

DEFINITION 68

S: pertaining to

TERM 69

ia, ice

DEFINITION 69

S: condition

TERM 70

ist

DEFINITION 70

S: specialist

epi

P: above, upon

TERM 77

extra

DEFINITION 77

P: outside

TERM 78

hyper

DEFINITION 78

P: excessive, above normal

TERM 79

hypo

DEFINITION 79

P: under, below, deficient

TERM 80

peri

DEFINITION 80

P: around

sub

P: under, below

TERM 82

ultra

DEFINITION 82

P: excess, beyond

TERM 83

BM

DEFINITION 83

bowel movement

TERM 84

CA

DEFINITION 84

cancer;chronological age; cardiac arrest

TERM 85

CT

DEFINITION 85

computed tomography

IBS

irritable bowel syndrome

TERM 92

MRI

DEFINITION 92

magnetic resonance imaging

TERM 93

OR

DEFINITION 93

operating room

TERM 94

UGI

DEFINITION 94

upper gastrointestinal

TERM 95

US

DEFINITION 95

ultrasound; ultrasonography

ascites

Abnormal accumulation of serous fluid in the peritoneal

cavity.

TERM 97

cirrhosis

DEFINITION 97

Chronic liver disease characterized by destruction of liver

cells that eventually leads to ineffective liver function and

jaundice.

TERM 98

diverticular disease

DEFINITION 98

Condition in which bulging pouches (diverticula) in the

gastrointestinal (GI) tract push the mucosal lining through

the surrounding muscle.

TERM 99

gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

DEFINITION 99

Backflow (reflux) of gastric contents into the esophagus due

to malfunction of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES).

TERM 100

hemorrhoid

DEFINITION 100

Mass of enlarged, twisted varicose veins in the mucous

membrane inside (internal) or just outside (external) the

rectum; also known as piles.