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Pathway Air Follows
Nose Pharynx Larynx Trachea Bronchus Bronchioles Alveoli TERM 2
The Nose
DEFINITION 2 Opens at the Nostrils/Nares. leads into the Nasal Cavities. Hair & Mucus Filter the Air. Capillaries Warm & Moisten the AIr Cells act as Odor Receptors. Tear Glands drain into Nasal Cavities. Can lead to runny noise. TERM 3
The Pharynx
DEFINITION 3 A Funnel-shaped cavity=Throat 3 Portions Based on Location: Nasopharynx, Oropharynx & Laryngopharynx. Tonsils Provide a Lymphatic Defense while breathing at the junction of the Oral Cavity & Pharynx TERM 4
The Larynx
DEFINITION 4 A Triangular,Cartilaginous structure. It passes air between The Pharynx & Trachea Called the Voice Box & Houses Vocal Cords 2 Mucosal Folds that make up the Vocal Cords with an Opening in the middle called the Glottis. TERM 5
The Trachea
DEFINITION 5 A Tube Called the Windpipe. It Connects the Larynx with the Primary Bronchi. Made of Connective Tissue,Smooth Muscle & Cartilaginous Rings. Its lined with Cilia & mucus that help to keep the lungs clean.
The Bronchial Tree
Starts with 2 Main Bronchial that leads from the Trachea into the Lungs. Continues to Branch until they are small Bronchioles. Eventually lead to elongated sacs called Alveoil. TERM 7
The Lungs
DEFINITION 7 Secondary Bronchi, Bronchioles & Alveoil make up the lungs. Right Lung has 3 Lobes Left has 2 Lobes Loves are divided into Lobules Each enclosed by Membranes called Pleura TERM 8
The Aveoli
DEFINITION 8 Enveloped by Blood Capillaries Aveoli & Capillaries are one Layer of Epithelium to allow exchange of gases. Are lined with Surfactant that act as film to keep Alveoli open. TERM 9
Inspiration (Breathing)
DEFINITION 9 Diaphragm & Intercostal Muscles conract. The Diaphragm flattens & Rib Cage moves unward & Outward Volume of Thoracic cavity & lungs Increase. Air Flows into Lungs. Active process of Inhalation which brings air into lungs. TERM 10
Expirstion
DEFINITION 10 Forced Expiration uses other muscles Such as internal intercostals & abdominal muscles. Forces air out. Exercising, Sinning, Blowing out candles. Typically a passive process of exhalation that expels air from lungs.
Lower Respirtory Tract
TracheaBronchusBronchiolesAlveoli TERM 17
Breathing controlled by the Nervous System
DEFINITION 17 Nervous control:RepositoryControl Center (Medulla Oblongata) sends Nerve impulses to control muscles for Inspiration. TERM 18
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)
DEFINITION 18 Occurs when this center stops sending out nerve signals. TERM 19
Chemically Controlled Breathing
DEFINITION 19 Chemical Control: 2 sets of Chemoreceptors sense pH drop. One set in brain & one in Circulatory System. Both Sensitive to Carbon Dioxide Levels. Can Change Blood pH due to Metabolism. TERM 20
Gasses Exchange in
Body
DEFINITION 20 Exchange is dependent on diffusion Oxygen & Carbon Dioxide are Exchanged.
Patrial Pressure
The Amount of Pressure each Gas Excerts Oxygen & Carbon Dioxide diffuse from are of higher to are of lower Patrol Pressure TERM 22
External Respiration
DEFINITION 22 Gas Exchange between lung Alveoli & Blood Capillaries. TERM 23
Internal Resperation
DEFINITION 23 Gas Exchange Between Blood in Capillaries outside the lungs & in tissue fluid. TERM 24
Upper Respiratory Tract Infection
DEFINITION 24 Sinusitis Otitis Media Tonsillitis TERM 25
Sinusitis
DEFINITION 25 Blockage of Sinuses
Pulmonary Fibrosis
Lungs lose elasticity cause Fibrous Connective Tissues Builds up in Lungs. Because of Inhaled Particles.
