Download Chapters 1 & 2 | PSYC 1101 - Intro to Psychology and more Quizzes Psychology in PDF only on Docsity!
Mary Calkins
First female President of APA1863-1930American philosopher and psychologist TERM 2
Margaret Floy Washburn
DEFINITION 2 Second female President of APAFirst woman to receive PhD TERM 3
Behaviorism:
DEFINITION 3 The view that psychology 1. should be an objective science
- studies behavior without reference to mental processes.Most scientists agree with 1. but not 2. TERM 4
Freudian Psychology:
DEFINITION 4 Emphasizes unconscious thought processes and emotional responses to childhood experiences. TERM 5
Humanistic Psychology:
DEFINITION 5 Emphasized the growth potential of healthy people.
Cognitive Psychology:
The interdisciplinary study of brain activity linked with mental activity (including perception, thinking, memory, and language). How you perceive, process, and remember information Why you become anxious or depressed TERM 7
Psychology:
DEFINITION 7 Science in behaviour and mental processes.Behaviour: Anything a human or animal does that is observableMental processes: internal thoughts we infer from behaviour. TERM 8
"Science:"
DEFINITION 8 Key word in psychology definition. TERM 9
Neuro-Science Perspective:
DEFINITION 9 How the body and brain enable emotions, memories, and sensory experiencesSub-fields that integrate term: Biological, Clinical, and Cognitive psychologySample Q's: How do pain messages travel from the hand to the brain? How is blood chemistry linked with moods and motives? TERM 10
Evolutionary Perspective:
DEFINITION 10 How the natural selection of traits passed down from one generation to the next has promoted the survival of genes.Sub-fields: Biological, Developmental, and SocialSample Q's: How has our evolutionary past influenced our modern-day mating preferences? Why do humans learn some fears so much more easily than others?
Big Idea #1:Critical
Thinking
Ask about everything! TERM 17
Big Idea #2: Biopsychosocial
Approach
DEFINITION 17 Biological influence: Genetic predispositions (genetically influenced traits) Genetic mutations Natural selection of adaptive traits and behaviours passed down through generations Genes responding to the environmentPsychological Influence: Learned fears and other learned expectations Emotional responses Cognitive processing and perceptual interpretationsSocial-cultural Influences: Presence of others Cultural, societal, and family expectations Peer and other group influences Compelling models (such as the media) TERM 18
Culture:
DEFINITION 18 Behaviors, ideas, values, attitudes, etc. shared by a group of people through each generation. TERM 19
Nature-nurture
issue:
DEFINITION 19 Influence of genes and experience in psychological traits. TERM 20
Big Idea #3: Dual-
Processing
DEFINITION 20 Two-track mind a) Conscious mind feels b) Unconscious mind process info (unawares)Thinking, memory, language, perception
Big Idea #4: Human Strengths and
Challenges
Positive psychology: Study of human functioning; ogals: discover and promote strengths and virtues that help people thrive Happiness is a by-product of a meaningful, pleasant, engaged life belief TERM 22
Hindsight Bias:
DEFINITION 22 Believing, after learning and outcome, we could have predicted it all along (I-knew-it-all-along phenomenon) TERM 23
Perceiving order in random events
DEFINITION 23 Seeing a pattern in random events TERM 24
How do Psychologists Ask Questions?
DEFINITION 24 They use the Scientific Method TERM 25
What constitutes a good theory?
DEFINITION 25
- Organizes observations2. Clear predictions that anyone can use to check the theory3. Can be replicated and supported by similar findings
