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Chemistry Reference Tables
Name Value
Avogadro’s number 6.022 1023 particles/mole
Gas constant ( R )
0.0821 L atm mole K 62.4L mmHg mole K 8.314 L kPa mole K
Standard pressure 1.00 atm = 101.3 kPa =
- mmHg = 760. torr
Standard temperature 0 C or 273K
Volume of 1 mole of any gas at STP 22.4 L
Thermodynamic Constants Symbol Value
Heat of fusion of water Hf (water)^ 334 J/g
Heat of vaporization of water Hv (water)^2 ,260 J/g
Specific heat of water Cp (water)
2.05 J^ for ice, 2.02 J g°C g°C for steam, 4.18 J for liquid g°C
Metal Specific Heat
J
g°C
Density (g/cm^3 ) Melting Point (°C)
Aluminum 0.897 2.702 660
Copper 0.385 8.92 1083
Gold 0.129 19.31 1064
Iron 0.449 7.86 1535
Lead 0.129 11.3437 328
Magnesium 1.023 1.74 649
Mercury 0.140 13.5939 – 39
Nickel 0.444 8.90 1455
Titanium 0.523 4.5 1660
Zinc 0.388 7.14 420
Organic Substances
Name Density Melting Point (°C) Boiling Point (°C)
Ethanol (CH CH OH) 3 2 0.7893 g/cm^3 114
Glucose (C H O ) 6 12 6
(^) 1.56 g/cm (^3146) Decomposes
Hexane (C H 6 14 )
(^) 0.6603 g/cm (^3) 95 69
Methane (CH ) 4 0.716 g/L 182 161
Methanol (CH OH) 3
(^) 0.7914 g/cm (^3) (^9865)
Sucrose (C 12 H 22 O 11 )
(^) 1.58 g/cm (^386) Decomposes
Inorganic Substances
*Name Density @ STP Melting Point (°C) Boiling Point (°C)
Chlorine 3.21 g/L ^101 ^35
Hydrogen 0.0899 g/L 259 253
Hydrogen chloride 1.640 g/L ^115 ^85
Hydrogen sulfide 1.54 g/L 85 61
Nitrogen 1.25 g/L 210 196
Nitrogen monoxide 1.34 g/L ^164 ^152
Oxygen 1.43 g/L ^218 ^183
Sodium carbonate
2.532 g/cm^3 851 Decomposes
Sodium chloride 2.165 g/cm^3801
Sulfur dioxide 2.92 g/L 73 10
*Water (at 4°C) 1.00 g/cm^30
ACTIVITY SERIES of Halogens:
F 2 Cl 2 Br 2 I 2
ACTIVITY SERIES of Metals
Li Rb K Ba Sr Ca Na Mg Al Mn Zn Cr Fe Cd Co Ni Sn Pb [ H 2 ]
Sb Bi Cu Hg Ag Pt Au
Polyatomic Ions
NH 4 Ammonium BrO 3 Bromate CN Cyanide C H O 2 3 2 Acetate (CH COO ) 3
ClO 4 Perchlorate ClO 3 Chlorate
ClO 2 Chlorite ClO Hypochlorite IO 3 Iodate
MnO 4 Permanganate
NO 3 Nitrate
NO 2 Nitrite
OH Hydroxide
HCO 3 ^ Hydrogen carbonate HSO 4 Hydrogen sulfate
SCN^ Thiocyanate 2 CO 3 Carbonate 2 Cr O 2 7 Dichromate 2 CrO 4 Chromate 2 SO (^4) Sulfate 2 SO (^3) Sulfite 3 PO (^4) React with oxygen to form^ Phosphate oxides
Replace hydrogen from acids
Replace hydrogen from steam
Replace hydrogen from cold water
