BIO-181 Quiz 1
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1. The complexity and variety of molecules is due to: the chemical versatility of carbon
atoms
2. Which of the following best summarizes the relationship between dehydra- tion reactions
and hydrolysis?: Dehydration reactions assemble polymers, and hydrolysis reactions break
down polymers.
3. Which of the following are compounds?: H2O and CH4, but not O2
4. Which of the following statements is true for the class of biological mole- cules known as
lipids?: They are insoluble in water.
5. What type of covalent bond between amino acid side chains (R groups) functions in
maintaining a polypeptide's specific three-dimensional shape?: - Disulfide bond
6. Why are hydrocarbons insoluble in water?: The majority of their bonds are nonpolar
covalent carbon-to-hydrogen linkages.
7. What results from an unequal sharing of electrons between atoms?: A polar covalent
bond.
8. Humans can digest starch, but not cellulose because: Humans have enzymes that can
hydrolyze the ±glycosidic linkages of starch, but not the ²glycosidic linkages of cellulose.
9. Given the cooperativity of science, which of the following is most likely to result in an
investigator being intellectually looked down upon by other
scientists?: Being found to have falsified or created data to better fit a hypothesis.
10. The element present in all organic molecules is: Carbon
11. The following question is based on the 15 molecules illustrated in Figure
5.8. Each molecule may be used once, more than once, or not at all. Which of the following
molecules act as building blocks (monomers) of polypeptides?-
: 2, 7, and 8
12. Which type of bond must be broken for water to vaporize?: Hydrogen bonds
13. How will brief heating (to 95° C) affect macromolecular structures in aque- ous solution?:
DNA duplexes will unwind and separate, and proteins will unfold (denature)
14. About 25 of the 92 natural elements are known to be essential to life. Which four of these
25 elements make up approximately 96% of living matter?: Car- bon, hydrogen, nitrogen,
oxygen
15. Which of the following statements is true about buffer solutions?: They maintain a
relatively constant pH when either acids or bases are added to them.
16. Which of the following explains most specifically the attraction of water molecules to
one another: Hydrogen bond
17. Which bond or interactions would be difficult to disrupt when compounds are put into
water?: Covalent bond
